英语100篇精读荟萃（中级篇）15a_PETS 考试

英语100篇精读荟萃（中级篇）15a

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-09-17 06:22 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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Passage Fifteen (The Second Wave of Feminism)
The statistics I’ve cited and the living examples are all too familiar to you. But what may not be so familiar will be the increasing number of women who are looking actively¹ for advancement² of for a new job in your offices. This woman may be equipped with professional skills and perhaps valuable experience, She will not be content to be Executive Assistant to Mr. Seldom Seen of the Assistant Vice³ President’s Girl Friday, who is the only one who comes in on Saturday.
She is the symbol of what I call the Second Wave of Feminism. She is the modern woman who is determined⁴ to be.
Her forerunner⁵ was the radical⁶ feminist⁷ who interpreted her trapped position as a female as oppression by the master class of men. Men, she believed, had created a domestic, servile role for women in order that men could have the career and the opportunity to participate in making the great decisions of society. Thus the radical feminist held that women through history had been oppressed and dehumanized, mainly because man chose to exploit his wife and the mother of his children. Sometimes it was deliberate exploitation and sometimes it was the innocence⁹ of never looking beneath the pretensions¹¹ of life.
The radical feminists¹² found strength in banding together. Coming to recognize each other for the first time, they could explore their own identities, realize their own power, and view the male and his system as the common enemy. The first phases of feminism in the last five years often took on this militant¹³, class-warfare tone. Betty Friedan, Gloria Steinem, Germaine Greer, and many others hammered home their ideas with a persistence¹⁴ that aroused and intrigued¹⁵ many of the brightest and most able women in the country. Consciousness-raising groups allowed women to explore both their identities and their dreams-and the two were often found in direct conflict.
What is the stereotyped¹⁶ role of American women? Marriage. A son. Two daughters. Breakfast. Ironing. Lunch. Bowling¹⁷, maybe a garden club of for the very daring, non-credit courses in ceramics¹⁸. Perhaps an occasional cocktail¹⁹ party. Dinner. Football or baseball on TV. Each day the same. Never any growth in expectations-unless it is growth because the husband has succeeded. The inevitable²⁰ question: “Is that all there is to life?”
The rapid growth of many feminist organizations attests²¹ to the fact that these radical feminists had touched some vital nerves. The magazine “Ms.” was born in the year of the death of the magazine “Life.” But too often the consciousness-raising sessions became ends in themselves. Too often sexism reversed itself and man-hating was encouraged. Many had been with the male chauvinist²².
It is not difficult, therefore, to detect a trend toward moderation. Consciousness-raising increasingly is regarded as a means to independence and fulfillment, rather than a ceremony of fulfillment itself. Genuine independence can be realized through competence²³, through finding a career, through the use of education. Remember that for many decades the education of women was not supposed to be useful.

1.    What was the main idea of this passage?
[A]. The Second Wave of Feminist. [B]. Women’s Independent Spirits.
[C]. The Unity⁸ of Women. [D]. The Action of Union.
2.    What was the author’s attitude toward the radical?
[A]. He supported it wholeheartedly. [B]. He opposed it strongly.
[C]. He disapproved²⁴ to some extent. [D]. He ignored it completely.
3.    What does the word “militant” mean?
[A]. Aggressive. [B]. Ambitions. [C]. Progressive. [D]. Independent.
4, What was the radical feminist’s view point about the male?
[A]. Women were exploited by the male.
[B]. Women were independent of the male.
[C]. Women’s lives were deprived by the male.
[D]. The male were their common enemy.

Vocabulary
1. trapped 被诱入圈套的，陷阱
2. servile 屈从的，奴隶的，奴性的
3. dehumanized 使失去人/个性的
4. pretension¹⁰ 要求，权利，借口
5. look beneath 看到下面
6. band together 紧密团结在一起
7. explore 探索，考察
8. phase 阶段，方面，形式
9. class-warfare 阶级斗争
10. hammer home 硬性灌输
hammer home an idea into sb. 硬向某人灌输某种观念

点击

收听单词发音

1 actively
adv.积极地，勤奋地
参考例句：
During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。 We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

2 advancement
n.前进，促进，提升
参考例句：
His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。 The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.大学的目标应是促进学术。

3 vice
n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的
参考例句：
He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。 They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

4 determined
adj.坚定的；有决心的
参考例句：
I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。 He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

5 forerunner
n.前身，先驱（者），预兆，祖先
参考例句：
She is a forerunner of the modern women's movement.她是现代妇女运动的先驱。 Penicillin was the forerunner of modern antibiotics.青霉素是现代抗生素的先导。

6 radical
n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的
参考例句：
The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。 She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

7 feminist
adj.主张男女平等的，女权主义的
参考例句：
She followed the feminist movement.她支持女权运动。 From then on,feminist studies on literature boomed.从那时起，男女平等受教育的现象开始迅速兴起。

8 unity
n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调
参考例句：
When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。 We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

9 innocence
n.无罪；天真；无害
参考例句：
There was a touching air of innocence about the boy.这个男孩有一种令人感动的天真神情。 The accused man proved his innocence of the crime.被告人经证实无罪。

10 pretension
n.要求；自命，自称；自负
参考例句：
I make no pretension to skill as an artist,but I enjoy painting.我并不自命有画家的技巧，但我喜欢绘画。 His action is a satire on his boastful pretension.他的行动是对他自我卖弄的一个讽刺。

11 pretensions
自称( pretension的名词复数 )；自命不凡；要求；权力
参考例句：
The play mocks the pretensions of the new middle class. 这出戏讽刺了新中产阶级的装模作样。 The city has unrealistic pretensions to world-class status. 这个城市不切实际地标榜自己为国际都市。

12 feminists
n.男女平等主义者，女权扩张论者( feminist的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Only 16 percent of young women in a 1990 survey considered themselves feminists. 在1990年的一项调查中，只有16%的年轻女性认为自己是女权主义者。来自辞典例句 The organization had many enemies, most notably among feminists. 这个组织有许多敌人，特别是在男女平等主义者中。来自辞典例句

13 militant
adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士
参考例句：
Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。 He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

14 persistence
n.坚持，持续，存留
参考例句：
The persistence of a cough in his daughter puzzled him.他女儿持续的咳嗽把他难住了。 He achieved success through dogged persistence.他靠着坚持不懈取得了成功。

15 intrigued
adj.好奇的，被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式)；激起…的兴趣或好奇心；“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
You've really intrigued me—tell me more! 你说的真有意思—再给我讲一些吧！ He was intrigued by her story. 他被她的故事迷住了。

16 stereotyped
adj.(指形象、思想、人物等)模式化的
参考例句：
There is a sameness about all these tales. They're so stereotyped -- all about talented scholars and lovely ladies. 这些书就是一套子，左不过是些才子佳人，最没趣儿。 He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly scientific) link with our ancestral past. 它们是恐怖电影和惊险小说中的老一套的怪物，并且与我们的祖先有着明显的（虽然可能没有科学的）联系。

17 bowling
n.保龄球运动
参考例句：
Bowling is a popular sport with young and old.保龄球是老少都爱的运动。 Which sport do you 1ike most,golf or bowling?你最喜欢什么运动，高尔夫还是保龄球？

18 ceramics
n.制陶业；陶器
参考例句：
an exhibition of ceramics by Picasso 毕加索陶瓷作品展 The ceramics bore the imprint of Luca della Robbia. 陶器上印有卢卡·德拉·罗比亚的字样。

19 cocktail
n.鸡尾酒；餐前开胃小吃；混合物
参考例句：
We invited some foreign friends for a cocktail party.我们邀请了一些外国朋友参加鸡尾酒会。 At a cocktail party in Hollywood,I was introduced to Charlie Chaplin.在好莱坞的一次鸡尾酒会上，人家把我介绍给查理·卓别林。

20 inevitable
adj.不可避免的，必然发生的
参考例句：
Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。 The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

21 attests
v.证明( attest的第三人称单数 )；证实；声称…属实；使宣誓
参考例句：
The child's good health attests his mother's care. 这孩子健康的身体证实他母亲照料周到。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》 The boy's good health attests to his mother's care. 这个男孩的良好健康就是他母亲细心照顾的明证。来自辞典例句

22 chauvinist
n.沙文主义者
参考例句：
I don't know how she can live with him;he's such a male chauvinist pig!我真不理解她怎么能与他一起生活，他是个典型的大男子主义者。 How can you do the Muslim chauvinist thing?你怎么能做穆斯林沙文主义的事情？

23 competence
n.能力，胜任，称职
参考例句：
This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。 These are matters within the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内的事。

24 disapproved
v.不赞成( disapprove的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
My parents disapproved of my marriage. 我父母不赞成我的婚事。来自《简明英汉词典》 She disapproved of her son's indiscriminate television viewing. 她不赞成儿子不加选择地收看电视。来自《简明英汉词典》

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