EXERCISE 2             

                The Central Problem of Economics

  The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people's and nation's wants.

  The problem we faced with is that our resources,here identified as money are _1__.

The only way we can solve the problem is to _2__ choices.After looking at our resources,we must examine our list of _3__ and identify the things we need immediately , _4_ we can postpone,and those we cannot afford.As individuals,we face the central problem involved in economics---decideing how to allocate¹ our limited resources to _5__ ourselves with greatest satisfaction of our wants.

  Nations face __6_ problem. As a country's population_7__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase,but there _8__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation.Whether the budget meeting is _9__ in the family living room,in the conference room of the corporation __10_ of directors,or in the chamber² of the House of Representatives in Washington,the basic problem still exists.We need to find _11__ of allocating³ limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited⁴ wants.

  A short time ago,economists⁵ _12__ goods into two categories,free and economic.The former.,like air and water,were in _13__ abundance that economists had no concern for them.After all,economists is the _14__ of scarcity⁶ and what to do about it.Today many of these "free goods" are _15__ very expensive to use.Population has made clean air and water _16__ for producers who have to filter their waste products,for consumers who ultimately _17__ the producer's extra cost,and _18__ taxpayers⁷ who pay for the government's involvement _19__ the environment.

  In the 1990s,almost all goods are scares.Only by effort and money_20__ obtained in the from people wish.

1)    A  abundant     B scarce      C limited      D unlimited

2)    A  have         B do         C make       D ask

3)    A  want         B resources   C want        D problem

4)    A  some         B others      C that        D those

5)    A  bring         B provide     C take        D satisfy

6)    A  another       B the same    C the other    D a same

7)    A  growing      B grown      C grows      D grow

8)    A  sometimes    B always      C often      D never

9)    A  taking place   B happening   C replacing   D taking the place

10)   A  board        B group       C management D function

11)   A  means       B approach     C ways       D method

12)   A  seperate      B divide       C cut         D divided

13)   A  a so         B great        C such        D such an

14)   A  study        B form        C means      D source

15)   A  particularly   B in practice    C pracitally   D in reality

16)   A  cheaper      B more expensive C expensive  D cheap

17)   A  pay for       Bwill pay for    C use       D will use

18)   A  the          B with         C for        D also

19)   A  cleaning     B in cleaning    C about cleaning  D clean

20)   A they can be                   B they must be   

      C must they be                  D can they be

 参考答案:

1--5 CCADB   
6--10BCDAA  
11--15CDCAD  
16--20BACBD