PETS语法辅导:动词不定式b
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
4) there be+不定式
  believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, understand
  We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
  注意 : 有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.
  We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
  Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
  3 、不定式主语
  1) It’s easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
  easy, difficult,  hard,  important,  possible,  impossible, comfortable,  necessary,  better; the first,  the next,   the last,  the best, too much,  too little,  not enough
  It’s so nice to hear your voice.
  听到你的声音真高兴。
  It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
  当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。
  2) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。
  Kind, nice,  stupid, rude,  clever, foolish, thoughtful1, thoughtless2, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly,  selfish3(自私的)
  例句:
  It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。
  It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。
  注意:1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型
  2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。
  3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型
  (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
  (错)It is to believe to see.
  4 、It’s for sb.和 It’s of sb.
  1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult,  interesting, impossible等:
  It’s very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
  2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
  It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。  for 与of 的辨别方法:
  用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
  You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。
  He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)
  5 、不定式作表语
  不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。例如:
  My work is to clean the room every day.
  His dream is to be a doctor.
  6 、不定式作定语
  不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如:
  I have a lot of work to do.
  So he made some candles to give light.
  7 、不定式作状语
  1)目的状语
  To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
  He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
  I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
  2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。
  What have I said to make you angry.
  He searched the room only to find nothing.
  3) 表原因
  I’m glad to see you.
  典型例题
  The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
  A. sit  B. sit on  C. be seat  D. be sat on
  答案:B. 如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时,常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。
  8、用作介词的to
  to 有两种用法: 一为不定式+动词原形; 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种,即to+ 名词/动名词:
  admit to承认,       confess4 to承认,  be accustomed5 to 习惯于,  be used to 习惯于,            stick to 坚持,       turn to开始,着手于, devote6 oneself to 献身于,   be devoted7 to 致力于,     look forward to 盼望,     pay attention to
 9、 省to 的动词不定式
  1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to):
  2) 使役动词 let, have, make:
  3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。
  注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
  I saw him dance.
  =He was seen to dance.
  The boss made them work the whole night.
  =They were made to work the whole night.
  4) would rather,had better:
  5) Why… / why not…:
  6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:
  7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
  8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去:
  9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be:
  He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 thoughtful Wo4wg     
adj.思考的,沉思的,体贴的,关心的
参考例句:
  • She is thoughtful for her friends.她很体贴她的朋友们。
  • This is a thoughtful essay.这是一篇具有思想性的随笔。
2 thoughtless Xoswf     
adj.没有考虑的,无深虑的,轻率的
参考例句:
  • It was thoughtless of you to forget your sister's birthday.你真粗心,把你姐姐的生日都给忘了。
  • I wonder why you are so thoughtless of others.我很奇怪,你为何如此不替别人着想。
3 selfish 5z5ww     
adj.自私的,利己主义的,自我中心的
参考例句:
  • You must learn to share and not be so selfish.你一定要学会与他人分享,不要那么自私。
  • She is a selfish person.她是一个自私自利的人。
4 confess YY2yf     
vt.承认,坦白;vi.承认,坦白,忏悔
参考例句:
  • Many Christians regularly confess their guilty actions and thoughts to a priest.很多基督徒都定期向牧师忏悔他们的罪行和恶念。
  • I confess to some suspicion of your honesty.我承认对你的诚实有所怀疑。
5 accustomed Hzjzs1     
adj.习惯的,惯常的(to)
参考例句:
  • This is his accustomed hour to go to bed.这是他就寝的惯常时间。
  • They are accustomed to this sort of work.他们惯于干这种工作。
6 devote NlSzu     
vt.将…奉献(给),把...专用于,致力于
参考例句:
  • I devote myself to helping the poor.我致力于帮助穷人。
  • He is determined to devote his life to sicence.他决心把毕生精力贡献给科学事业。
7 devoted xu9zka     
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的
参考例句:
  • He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
  • We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
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