176. As a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological¹ inventions. On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.
　　常言道：事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面，科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。

　　177. Let's take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.
　　就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气，而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外，汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。

　　178. It is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.
　　普遍认为，在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。

　　179. There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.
　　毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。

　　180. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration² movements-themselves made relatively³ easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
　　由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易）引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

　　181. With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.
　　随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行，数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着5000多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。

　　182. Tourism brings China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization⁴ program.
　　旅游业给中国带来许多好处。首先，它使中国人了解外界，并有助于促进友谊和理解。其次，在经济上也有利于我国，因为中国现代化建设需要大量的外汇。

　　183 Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient⁵ transportation system.
　　旅游业也引起许多问题。例如，它增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。

　　184. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.
　　此外，中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。

　　185. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
　　至于我，我相信，随着我国经济的发展，这些问题必将逐步解决。

　　186. A much better and brighter future awaits us.
　　我们期望有一个更加光明的未来。

　　187. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own.
　　每当机遇降临，伴之而来的是成功的希望，但是机遇不能自行实现成功。

　　188. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill⁶ one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.
　　假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。否则，机遇来临你却无法利用。　　189. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.
　　成功者与失败者的区别在于处理机遇的态度。成功者做好充分准备迎接机遇的适时来临。而失败者工作懒散，眼看机遇悄然而过。

　　190. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified⁷ highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.
　　我的观点是：在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。

　　191. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
　　人类学家已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
　　192. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
　　一个地方的人口越多，对其水。交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。

　　193. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
　　儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。

　　194. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
　　父母的教导如果坚定，理性，始终如一，孩子就有可能充满自信。

　　195. Television, the most pervasive⁸ and persuasive⁹ of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility¹⁰, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
　　电视，这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。

　　196. Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
　　电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体，并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。

　　197. I am always amazed when I heard people saying that sport creates goodwill¹¹ between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination¹² to meet on the battlefield.
　　每当我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。

　　198. One of the great early writers wrote that: Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries¹³ that ever beset¹⁴ mankind. If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether the measure that the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50 is reasonable.
　　一位伟大的作家曾写到：工作是医治人间一切病痛和疾苦的万应良药。 如果是这样的话，那么现在的状况应使我们想一想，强迫普通工人在50岁退休是否合理。

　　199. "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
　　著名作家萧伯纳曾说过：在这个世界上取得成功的人，都努力去寻求他们想要的机会，如果找不到时，他们就自己创造机会。这一观点现在正在被越来越多的人所接受。

　　200. Adler is correct in this assertion that education does not end with graduation.
　　阿得勒这句话很正确，教育不能随着毕业而结束。