Christmas is big business in China - even during the global economic slowdown.

What was once simply a foreign affair has not just grown in popularity¹, but morphed into a festival with Chinese characteristics.

Many worshippers and visitors crowded the Northern Church, also known as the Xishiku Catholic² Church, in west Beijing on Christmas Eve, that traffic controls were needed.

Wang Peng, 29, a stock broker³, experienced the festival in the church for the fourth year.

Although not a Catholic, he said the church is the best place to feel the spirit of Christmas and get a taste of different culture.

"You go to a library to read books and to a church to spend Christmas," said Wang, who attended the 5pm mass yesterday.

"More people are coming here. They might not be religious people; they are here to relax and meet friends."

Yan Yan, a 30-year-old marketing⁴ director in Beijing, said: "It is a festival to hang out with friends and have lots of fun."

Yan started decorating her apartment days ago with a tree, Santa toys and candles.

She has planned a Chinese-style party for 15 friends to celebrate the biggest Western festival of the year.

For urban Chinese under 35, Christmas is about expressing themselves, said Dai Wenming, a cultural critic in Shanghai.

Chinese consider Spring Festival as a family reunion and see Christmas more as a time to hang out with friends, Dai said.

In downtown Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing, department stores and restaurants were festooned with big snowy festival decorations; and yesterday, people were busy shopping at discount prices and eating out.

"We sold out 20 tables for the 218-yuan ($32) meal two days ago," said a manager surnamed⁵ Chen with Grandma's Kitchen, an American home-style restaurant in Beijing. Most of their customers on Christmas Eve were Chinese.

Despite the gloomy⁶ economic outlook, Christmas is still a time for celebration for expatriates.

"We just moved into a new apartment. We will spend a bit on some nice furniture, and that will be our Christmas treat," said Fanny Landreu.

Landreu plans to be more practical about gift-giving this year, but said her family never goes overboard on presents for their kids at Christmas, even when the times are good.

"Things (for expats) will largely continue as normal," she said.