Senior officials for Guangzhou yesterday signed a series of cooperation agreements with the neighboring city of Foshan in a bid to boost urban integration¹ between the two Pearl River Delta² (PRD) towns.

In addition to the framework agreement on the urban integration of Guangzhou and Foshan, both sides inked deals to cooperate in areas such as environmental protection, industrial coordination³, urban planning and traffic infrastructure⁴.

The framework agreement outlines the aim, principle and cooperative mechanism⁵, while the other agreements promise joint⁶ meetings between the mayors of the two cities, cooperation in urban planning, infrastructure development, industrial integration and treatment of the polluted Pearl River, Guangzhou Mayor Zhang Guangning said.

"Signing the agreements marks a new step towards the integration of the two cities," he said. "It has great significance in the implementation⁷ of the PRD development and planning blueprint⁸."

Approved by the State earlier this year, the blueprint positions the PRD region, which includes nine cities and borders Hong Kong and Macao, as a "leading economic powerhouse" of China.

It promises more autonomy to the region, too, through economic restructuring, coordinated⁹ urban and rural development, as well as social reforms in a bid to realize economic and social integration by 2020.

An intercity mass transit¹⁰ system, a distributed network for natural gas and refined oil, a public information database and unified¹¹ energy prices are expected to take shape by then.

Many citizens in the two cities, especially those living on the common border, are expecting the integration to make their life more convenient and improve public security.

Qian Changjiang, a Foshan citizen who works in Guangzhou, is one of them.

"The public transport system between the two cities should be improved, fares lowered and tollhouses abolished," he told China Daily.

"A number of Foshan residents work in Guangzhou and vice¹² versa. It will help us save a lot of time and money," he said.

Qian said he also expected a time when Guangzhou's metro¹³ lines extended all the way to downtown Foshan.

Peng Peng, a researcher with the Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences, said: "The integration between the two cities will take a long time.

"Policy makers¹⁴ should first be clear on what's common and what's different between the two cities."

Questions:

1. Which two southern Chinese cities signed cooperation agreements yesterday?

2. What were the four areas where the two cities will cooperate on?

3. When is the realization¹⁵ of economic and social integration earmarked for?

Answers:

1. Guangzhou and Foshan.

2. Environmental protection, industrial coordination, urban planning and traffic infrastructure.

3. By 2020.