第二章　教育基本制度 

CHAPTER II BASIC SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

 

第十七条　国家实行学前教育、初等教育、中等教育、高等教育的学校教育制度。 

Article 17 The State applies a school education system embracing pre- school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.

 

国家建立科学的学制系统。学制系统内的学校和其他教育机构的设置、教育形式、修业年限、招生对象、培养目标等，由国务院或者由国务院授权教育行政部门规定。 

The State establishes a scientific schooling¹ system. The establishment, forms of instruction, length of schooling, enrollment² targets, objectives of training, etc. of schools and other institutions of education governed by the schooling system shall be prescribed by the State Council or the administrative³ department of education empowered by the State Council.

 

第十八条　国家实行九年制义务教育制度。 

Article 18 The State applies a system of nine-year compulsory⁴ education.

 

各级人民政府采取各种措施保障适龄儿童、少年就学。 

People's governments at all levels shall take various measures to guarantee school-age children and adolescents access to education.

 

适龄儿童、少年的父母或者其他监护人以及有关社会组织和个人有义务使适龄儿童、少年接受并完成规定年限的义务教育。 

Parents or other guardians⁵ of school-age children and adolescents as well as social organizations and individuals concerned shall have the obligation to ensure that school-age children and adolescents receive and complete compulsory education for the prescribed number of years.

 

第十九条　国家实行职业教育制度和成人教育制度。 

Article 19 The State applies a system of vocational education and a system of adult education.

 

各级人民政府、有关行政部门以及企业事业组织应当采取措施，发展并保障公民接受职业学校教育或者各种形式的职业培训。 

People's governments at various levels, the administrative departments concer-ned and enterprises and institutions shall adopt measures to develop educational programs and guarantee that citizens receive education in vocational schools or different types of vocational training.

 

国家鼓励发展多种形式的成人教育，使公民接受适当形式的政治、经济、文化、科学、技术、业务教育和终身教育。 

The State encourages the development of varied⁶ forms of adult education so that citizens may receive appropriate education in politics, economics, culture, science and technology and professional or life-long education.

 

第二十条　国家实行国家教育考试制度。 

Article 20 The State applies a national education examination system.

 

国家教育考试由国务院教育行政部门确定种类，并由国家批准的实施教育考试的机构承办。 

The administrative department of education under the State Council shall determine the types of national education examination which shall be undertaken by the institutions that conduct such education examination as approved by the State.

 

第二十一条　国家实行学业证书制度。 

Article 21 The State applies a system of education certificates.

 

经国家批准设立或者认可的学校及其他教育机构按照国家有关规定，颁发学历证书或者其他学业证书。 

Schools and other institutions of education established with the approval of or recognized by the State shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, grant educational qualification certificates or other education certificates.

 

第二十二条　国家实行学位制度。 

Article 22 The State applies a system of academic degree.

 

学位授予单位依法对达到一定学术水平或者专业技术水平的人员授予相应的学位，颁发学位证书。 

Institutions entitled to grant academic degrees shall grant to persons who have attained⁷ the required academic or professional or technical level corresponding academic degrees and issue to them degree certificates in accordance with law.

 

第二十三条　各级人民政府、基层群众性自治组织和企业事业组织应当采取各种措施，开展扫除文盲的教育工作。 

Article 23 People's governments at various levels, grass-roots autonomous⁸ organizations of a mass character and enterprises and institutions shall take all kinds of measures to carry out literacy education program.

 

按照国家规定具有接受扫除文盲教育能力的公民，应当接受扫除文盲的教育。 

Citizens capable of receiving literacy education according to relevant regulations of the State shall receive literacy education.

 

第二十四条　国家实行教育督导制度和学校及其他教育机构教育评估制度。 

Article 24 The State applies an educational supervision⁹ system and an educational evaluation¹⁰ system for schools and other institutions of education.#p#分页标题#e#

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