Company与Corporation
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-04-05 03:29 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
此两词均可作“公司”解。通说认为“company”乃英国英语,而美国英语则用“corporation”公司。引自美国人写、在美国出版、讲美国法律的专著的下列句子——

  1.

  / Your federal trademark1 application must be made to the Commissioner2 of Patents in Washington, D.C. / It should include your name, home address, citizenship3 and the location of your company (or those of a corporation if you have formed one to sell your product).

  ——You and the Law, the Reader's Digest Association. Inc. 1980, p. 193

  上列句中圆括弧内的“corporation”与圆括弧外的“company”显然是不同的概念、具有不同的含义(而决非都指“公司”这一概念)。试想一位因任务紧迫而信笔译来的译者已逐词把“company”译做“公司”于先,则随后读到圆括弧里的“corporation”又如何译才好呢?

  其实,句子的“company”并非“公司”,“商行”是也。有书为证:

  2.

  Company, a flexible term. (1)A corporation. (2)An unincorporated association organized for commercial purposes.

  ——Cochran's Law Lexicon5. 1977, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 72—95860

  最后,必须指出:即使是美国英语,“corporation”也未“公司”而已。此词还可以有一个较“公司”更广的内涵——“法人”。请看:

  3.

  Corporation, an artificial person[法人]composed of individuals. It usually has a corporate4 name and perpetual duration. Sometimes its duration is a fixed6 term of years. It substitutes for the individuals who compose it. See also Municipal Corporation

  ——Ibid

  附带提一句:就上列有关词义而论,不妨说“company”与“corporation”是一对反义词——你说是吗?是的,你会说,因为“company”是unincorporated的,而“corporation”则是incorporated的。再说,如果要把“公司法”译成英语,得根据情况分别译作“corporate law”(以美国英语读者为对象)或“company law”(以英国英语读者为对象)。但美国英语中,“公司法”偶尔也有作“corporation law”的:

  4.

  The usual term in the U.S. for the law of corporations is corporate law. The equivalent in G.B. is company law. Corporation law is a variant7 phrase occasionally used.



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1 trademark Xndw8     
n.商标;特征;vt.注册的…商标
参考例句:
  • The trademark is registered on the book of the Patent Office.该商标已在专利局登记注册。
  • The trademark of the pen was changed.这钢笔的商标改了。
2 commissioner gq3zX     
n.(政府厅、局、处等部门)专员,长官,委员
参考例句:
  • The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
  • He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。
3 citizenship AV3yA     
n.市民权,公民权,国民的义务(身份)
参考例句:
  • He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生,但没有瑞典公民身分。
  • Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后,她选择了澳大利亚国籍。
4 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
5 lexicon a1rxD     
n.字典,专门词汇
参考例句:
  • Chocolate equals sin in most people's lexicon.巧克力在大多数人的字典里等同于罪恶。
  • Silent earthquakes are only just beginning to enter the public lexicon.无声地震才刚开始要成为众所周知的语汇。
6 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
参考例句:
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
7 variant GfuzRt     
adj.不同的,变异的;n.变体,异体
参考例句:
  • We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段,提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
  • In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种,是数据驱动的测试。
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