中华人民共和国国旗法_法律英语

中华人民共和国国旗法

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-04-21 00:53 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

（Adopted at the 14th Meeting of the Standing¹ Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on June 28，1990， promulgated² by Order No. 28 of the President of the People's Republic of China on June 28， 1990， and effective as of October 1， 1990）
颁布日期：19900628 　实施日期：19901001 　颁布单位：全国人大常委会

　　Article 1 This Law is enacted³ in accordance with the Constitution with a view to defending the dignity of the National Flag， enhancing citizens' consciousness of the State and promoting the spirit of patriotism⁴.

　　Article 2 The National Flag of the People's Republic of China shall be a red flag with five stars.

　　The National Flag of the People's Republic of China shall be made according to the Directions for the Making of the National Flag promulgated by the Presidium of the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

　　Article 3 The National Flag of the People's Republic of China is the symbol and hallmark of the People's Republic of China. All citizens and organizations shall respect and care for the National Flag.

　　Article 4 The local people's governments at various levels shall exercise supervision⁵ over and administration of the display and use of the National Flag within their respective administrative⁶ areas.

　　The Ministry⁷ of Foreign Affairs， the competent department in charge of communications under the State Council and the General Political Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army shall exercise supervision over and administration of the display and use of the National Flag within their respective jurisdiction⁸.

　　The National Flag shall be made by enterprises designated by the people's governments of provinces， autonomous⁹ regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 5 The National Flag shall be displayed daily in the following places or premises¹⁰ of institutions：

　　（1） Tianan men Square and Xinhua men in Beijing；

　　（2） The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress， the State Council， the Central Military Commission， the Supreme¹¹ People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate；

　　The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference；

　　（3） The Ministry of Foreign Affairs；

　　（4） Airports， harbours and railway stations of entry or exit and other frontier ports， frontier stations and coastal¹² defence stations.

　　Article 6 Departments under the State Council， the standing committees of the local people's congresses， the people's governments， the people's courts， the people's procuratorates and the local committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference at various levels shall display the National Flag during working days.

　　Full-time¹³ schools shall display the National Flag daily， except during winter vacations， summer vacations and Sundays.

　　Article 7 State organs at all levels and mass organizations shall display the National Flag on National Day， International Labour Day， New Year's Day and the Spring Festival； the National Flag may be displayed， when conditions permit， in premises of enterprises， institutions， villagers' committees and residents' committees， in urban residential¹⁴ compounds （buildings） and in public places such as squares and parks.

　　In minority nationality areas where the Spring Festival is not a traditional festival， whether the National Flag is displayed during the Spring Festival shall be prescribed by the authorities practising self-government in the national autonomous areas.

　　In a national autonomous area， the National Flag may be displayed on the anniversary of the founding of the national autonomous area and during major traditional festivals of the minority nationalities.

　　Article 8 The National Flag may be displayed when important celebration and commemorative activities， large-scale cultural and sports activities and major exhibitions are held.

　　Article 9 Measures for the display and use of the National Flag in diplomatic activities and by the Chinese embassies and consulates¹⁶ stationed in foreign countries and other diplomatic representative agencies shall be prescribed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

　　Article 10 The National Flag shall be displayed by military organs at barracks and on military vessels¹⁷ in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission.

　　Article 11 Measures for the display of the National Flag by civilian¹⁸ vessels or foreign vessels entering Chinese territorial¹⁹ waters shall be prescribed by the competent department in charge of communications under the State Council.

　　Measures for the display of the National Flag by public security vessels on frontier defence， security or fire control duties shall be prescribed by the departments in charge of public security under the State Council.

　　Article 12 The National Flag， when displayed under Articles 5， 6 and 7 of this Law， shall be hoisted²⁰ in the morning and lowered in the evening.

　　Where the National Flag shall be displayed under this Law， when the weather is inclement²¹， it is permissible²² that the Flag not be displayed.

　　Article 13 When the National Flag is displayed， a Flag-hoisting ceremony may be held.

　　When a Flag-hoisting ceremony is held， persons present shall face the Flag and stand at attention to salute²³ the Flag， and the National Anthem²⁴ may be played or sung while the National Flag is being hoisted.

　　A full-time middle school or primary school shall hold a Flag-hoisting ceremony once a week， except during vacations.

　　Article 14 The National Flag shall be lowered to the half staff as at token of mourning when the following persons pass away：

　　（1） President of the People's Republic of China， Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress， Premier²⁵ of the State Council and Chairman of the Central Military Commission；

　　（2） Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference；

　　（3） Persons who have made outstanding contributions to the People's Republic of China；

　　（4） Persons who have made outstanding contributions to world peace or the cause of human progress.

　　When unfortunate events causing especially serious casualties occur or when serious natural calamities²⁶ have caused heavy casualties， the National Flag may be flown at half staff as a token of mourning.

　　The half-staffing of the National Flag in accordance with the provisions of （3） and （4） in the first paragraph and of the second paragraph of this Article shall be decided²⁷ by the State Council.

　　Dates and places for the half-staffing of the National Flag under this Article shall be decided by the funeral organ established by the State， or shall be decided by the State Council.

　　Article 15 When the National Flag is displayed， it shall be placed in a prominent position.

　　The National Flag， when raised or carried in a procession with another flag or flags， shall be in front of the other flag or flags.

　　The National Flag， when displayed with another flag or flags， shall be either at the center， above the other flag or flags， or in a position of prominence²⁸.

　　When the National Flags of two or more nations are displayed in foreign affairs activities， relevant provisions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the international practice shall be followed.

　　Article 16 The National Flag， when hoisted or lowered from a vertical²⁹ staff， shall be hoisted or lowered slowly. When hoisted， the National Flag must reach the peak of the staff； when lowered， it may not touch the ground.

　　The National Flag， when flown at half staff， shall be first hoisted to the peak of the staff and then lowered to a point where the distance between the top of the Flag and the peak of the staff is one third of the length of the staff； the Flag， when lowered， shall be again hoisted to the peak before it is lowered.

　　Article 17 No damaged， defiled³⁰， faded or substandard National Flag shall be displayed.

　　Article 18 The National Flag and the design thereof shall not be used as a trade mark or for advertising³¹ purposes， and shall not be used in private funeral activities.

　　Article 19 Whoever desecrates³² the National Flag of the People's Republic of China by publicly and wilfully³³ burning， mutilating， scrawling³⁴ on， defiling³⁵ or trampling³⁶ upon it shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities according to law； where the offence is relatively³⁷ minor¹⁵， he shall be detained for not more than 15 days by the public security organ in reference to the provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.

　　Article 20 This Law shall enter into force as of October 1， 1990.

　　Appendix： Directions for the Making of the National Flag（Promulgated by the Presidium of the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference on September 28， 1949）

　　The shape and colour of either side of the National Flag shall be identical， whereas the five stars on both sides of the Flag shall be opposite to each other. For convenience's sake， these directions shall take the circumstances where The staff is on the left as the basis for illustration. Where the staff is on the right， the word “left” used in these directions shall all be changed to “right”， while the word “right” referring to direction shall all be changed to “left”。

　　（1） The face of the Flag shall be red and rectangular； the proportion of its length and height shall be 3 to 2. The up per left of the face of the Flag shall be studded with five yellow five-pointed stars. One of the stars shall be bigger than the others， with its circumcircle's diameter being three-tenth of the height of the Flag， and shall be placed in the left； the four other stars shall be smaller， with their circumcircle's diameter being one-tenth of the height of the Flag， encircling the big star on its right in the shape of an arch. The cover of the staff shall be white.

　　（2） The five stars shall be positioned and drawn³⁸ as follows：

　　a. To determine the position of the five stars， the face of the Flag shall be first folded both ways to form four equal rectangles； then the rectangle on the upper left shall be vertically³⁹ divided into ten equal sections and horizontally divided into fifteen equal sections.

　　b. The central point of the big five-pointed star shall be at a point in the rectangle where the fifth line from above （or the fifth line from below）， and the fifth line from the left （or the tenth line from the right） meet. The method of drawing shall be： taking this point as the centre and the length of three such equals as the radius⁴⁰ to make a circle. On the circumference⁴¹ of this circle， five points with equal distances from each other shall be determined⁴²， one of the points must be in the right above position of the circle. Then connect each of the five points with every other point to form a straight line respectively. The outline formed by these five straight lines shall be the required big five-pointed star. An angle of the five-pointed star shall point in the right above direction.

　　c. The centres of the four small five-pointed stars shall be as follows： the first shall be at a point， in the rectangle， where the second line from above （or the eighth line from below）， and the tenth line from the left （or the fifth line from the right） meet； the second shall be at a point where the fourth line from above （or the sixth line from below）， and the twelfth line from the left （or the third line from the right） meet； the third shall be at a point where the seventh line from above （or the third line from below）， and the twelfth line from the left （or the third line from the right） meet； the fourth shall be at a point where the ninth line from above （or the first line from below）， and the tenth line from the left （or the fifth line from the right） meet. The method for drawing shall be： taking each of the above four points as the centre and the length of one such equal as the radius to make four circles. On each circle， five points with equal distances from each other shall be determined. One of such points must be on the line linking the centre of the circle with the centre of the big five-pointed star. Then the same methods used in forming the big five-pointed star shall be used to form the small five-pointed stars. The four small five-pointed stars shall respectively have an angle pointing right at the centre of the big five-pointed star.

　　（3） The measurement in common use for the National Flag， from which people from various circles may choose at their discretion⁴³ shall be as follows：

　　a. 288 cm. in length， 192 cm. in height；

　　b. 240 cm. in length， 160 cm. in height；

　　c. l92 cm. in length， 128 cm. in height；

　　d. 144 cm. in length， 96 cm. in height；

　　e. 96 cm. in length， 64 cm. in height

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收听单词发音

1 standing
n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的
参考例句：
After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。 They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

2 promulgated
v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等）
参考例句：
Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达３０余项。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。来自辞典例句

3 enacted
制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
legislation enacted by parliament 由议会通过的法律 Outside in the little lobby another scene was begin enacted. 外面的小休息室里又是另一番景象。来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

4 patriotism
n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义
参考例句：
His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。 They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。

5 supervision
n.监督，管理
参考例句：
The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。 The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

6 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

7 ministry
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。 We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

8 jurisdiction
n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权
参考例句：
It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。 Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

9 autonomous
adj.自治的；独立的
参考例句：
They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。 This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

10 premises
n.建筑物，房屋
参考例句：
According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定，场内不准饮酒。 All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行，不用送到外面去做。

11 supreme
adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的
参考例句：
It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。 He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

12 coastal
adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的
参考例句：
The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。 This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

13 full-time
adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的
参考例句：
A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。 I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

14 residential
adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的
参考例句：
The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。 The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

15 minor
adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修
参考例句：
The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。 I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

16 consulates
n.领事馆( consulate的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Consulates General of The People's Republic at Los Angeles. 中华人民共和国驻洛杉矶总领事馆。来自互联网 The country's embassies, consulates and other diplomatic missions stationed in other countries. （七）家驻外使馆、馆和其他外交代表机构。来自互联网

17 vessels
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人
参考例句：
The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。来自《简明英汉词典》 All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 civilian
adj.平民的，民用的，民众的
参考例句：
There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。 He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

19 territorial
adj.领土的，领地的
参考例句：
The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。 They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

20 hoisted
把…吊起，升起( hoist的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
He hoisted himself onto a high stool. 他抬身坐上了一张高凳子。 The sailors hoisted the cargo onto the deck. 水手们把货物吊到甲板上。

21 inclement
adj.严酷的，严厉的，恶劣的
参考例句：
The inclement weather brought forth a host of diseases.恶劣的天气引起了种种疾病。 They kept on going,even through the inclement weather.即使天气恶劣，他们还是执意要去。

22 permissible
adj.可允许的，许可的
参考例句：
Is smoking permissible in the theatre?在剧院里允许吸烟吗？ Delay is not permissible,even for a single day.不得延误，即使一日亦不可。

23 salute
vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮
参考例句：
Merchant ships salute each other by dipping the flag.商船互相点旗致敬。 The Japanese women salute the people with formal bows in welcome.这些日本妇女以正式的鞠躬向人们施礼以示欢迎。

24 anthem
n.圣歌，赞美诗，颂歌
参考例句：
All those present were standing solemnly when the national anthem was played.奏国歌时全场肃立。 As he stood on the winner's rostrum,he sang the words of the national anthem.他站在冠军领奖台上，唱起了国歌。

25 premier
adj.首要的；n.总理，首相
参考例句：
The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。 He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

26 calamities
n.灾祸，灾难( calamity的名词复数 )；不幸之事
参考例句：
They will only triumph by persevering in their struggle against natural calamities. 他们只有坚持与自然灾害搏斗，才能取得胜利。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》 One moment's false security can bring a century of calamities. 图一时之苟安，贻百年之大患。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

27 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
参考例句：
This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。 There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

28 prominence
n.突出；显著；杰出；重要
参考例句：
He came to prominence during the World Cup in Italy.他在意大利的世界杯赛中声名鹊起。 This young fashion designer is rising to prominence.这位年轻的时装设计师的声望越来越高。

29 vertical
adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置
参考例句：
The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。 Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。

30 defiled
v.玷污( defile的过去式和过去分词 )；污染；弄脏；纵列行进
参考例句：
Many victims of burglary feel their homes have been defiled. 许多家门被撬的人都感到自己的家被玷污了。 I felt defiled by the filth. 我觉得这些脏话玷污了我。来自《简明英汉词典》

31 advertising
n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的
参考例句：
Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗? The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

32 desecrates
毁坏或亵渎( desecrate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：

33 wilfully
adv.任性固执地；蓄意地
参考例句：
Don't wilfully cling to your reckless course. 不要一意孤行。来自辞典例句 These missionaries even wilfully extended the extraterritoriality to Chinese converts and interfered in Chinese judicial authority. 这些传教士还肆意将"治外法权"延伸至中国信徒，干涉司法。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书

34 scrawling
乱涂，潦草地写( scrawl的现在分词 )
参考例句：

35 defiling
v.玷污( defile的现在分词 )；污染；弄脏；纵列行进
参考例句：
Why, to put such a phantasmagoria on the table would be defiling the whole flat. 是啊，在桌上摆这么一个妖形怪状的东西，就把整个住宅都弄得乌烟瘴气了！” 来自互联网

36 trampling
踩( trample的现在分词 )；践踏；无视；侵犯
参考例句：
Diplomats denounced the leaders for trampling their citizens' civil rights. 外交官谴责这些领导人践踏其公民的公民权。 They don't want people trampling the grass, pitching tents or building fires. 他们不希望人们踩踏草坪、支帐篷或生火。

37 relatively
adv.比较...地，相对地
参考例句：
The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。 The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

38 drawn
v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的
参考例句：
All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。 Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

39 vertically
adv.垂直地
参考例句：
Line the pages for the graph both horizontally and vertically.在这几页上同时画上横线和竖线，以便制作图表。 The human brain is divided vertically down the middle into two hemispheres.人脑从中央垂直地分为两半球。

40 radius
n.半径，半径范围；有效航程，范围，界限
参考例句：
He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。 We are measuring the radius of the circle.我们正在测量圆的半径。

41 circumference
n.圆周，周长，圆周线
参考例句：
It's a mile round the circumference of the field.运动场周长一英里。 The diameter and the circumference of a circle correlate.圆的直径与圆周有相互关系。

42 determined
adj.坚定的；有决心的
参考例句：
I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。 He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

43 discretion
n.谨慎；随意处理
参考例句：
You must show discretion in choosing your friend.你择友时必须慎重。 Please use your best discretion to handle the matter.请慎重处理此事。

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