TONNAGE, mar¹. law. The capacity of a ship or vessel².

2. The act of congress of March 2, 1799, s. 64, 1 Story's L. U. S. 630, directs that to ascertain³ the tonnage of any ship or vessel, the surveyor, &c. shall, if the said ship or vessel be double decked, take the length thereof from the forepart of the main stem, to the afterpart of the stern post, above the upper deck, the breadth thereof, at the broadest part above the mainwales, half of which breadth shall be accounted the depth of such vessel, and then deduct⁴ from the length three-fifths of the breadth, multiply the remainder by the breadth and the product of the depth, and shall divide this last product by ninety-five, the quotients whereof shall be deemed the true contents or tonnage of such ship or vessel. And if such ship or vessel shall be single decked, the said, surveyor shall take the length and breadth as above directed, in respect to a double deck ship or vessel, and shall deduct from the length three-fifths of the breadth, and taking the depth from the under-side of the deck plank⁵ to the ceiling of the hold, shall multiply and divide as aforesaid, and the quotient shall be deemed the tonnage of such ship or vessel.

3. The duties paid on the tonnage of a ship or vessel are also called tonnage.

4. These duties are altogether abolished in relation. to American vessels⁶ by the act of May 31, 1830, s. 1, 4 Story's Laws U. S. 2216. And by the second section of the same act, all tonnage duties on foreign vessels are abolished, provided the president of the, United States shall be satisfied that the discriminating⁷ or countervailing duties of such foreign nation, so far as they operate to the disadvantage. of the United States, have been abolished.

5. The constitution of the United States provides, art. 1, s. 10, n. 2, that no state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duty on tonnage.

TONTINE, French law. The name of a partnership⁸ composed of creditors⁹ or, re-cipients of perpetual or life-rents or annuities¹⁰, formed on the condition that the rents of those who may die, shall accrue¹¹ to the survivors¹², either in whole or in part.

2. This kind of partnership took its name from Tonti, an Italian, who first conceived the idea and put it in practice. Merl. Repert. h. t. Dall. Dict. h. t.; 5 Watts¹³, 851.