捷克前总统哈维尔逝世_时事要闻

捷克前总统哈维尔逝世

文章来源：未知文章作者：enread 发布时间：2011-12-19 07:57 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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Tributes have been flooding in from around the world following the death of the Czech Republic's first President, Vaclav Havel.

捷克共和国首位总统哈维尔逝世，哀悼从世界各地如潮水般涌来。

$Hundreds of candles have been lit in memory of Vaclav Havel in Prague\s Wenceslas Square$
Hundreds of candles have been lit in memory of Vaclav Havel in Prague's Wenceslas Square
The former dissident（持不同政见者） playwright¹, who was 75, died on Sunday morning after a prolonged period of bad health.

US President Barack Obama said Mr Havel had "helped to unleash² tides of history that led to a democratic Europe".

On Monday Mr Havel's coffin³ is being taken from his country cottage to the capital, Prague.

The BBC understands that his coffin will lie in state from Wednesday and a state funeral is expected on Friday.

The Czech Republic is observing a week of mourning and hundreds of candles have been lit in Wenceslas Square - once the focal point（焦点） of the "Velvet⁴ Revolution" that overthrew⁵ the country's communist regime.

French President Nicolas Sarkozy said the Czech Republic had lost "one of its great patriots⁶".

"France has lost a friend, and Europe has lost one of its wisest men," he said.

German Chancellor⁷ Angela Merkel described Havel as a "great European".

"His fight for freedom and democracy was as unforgettable as his great humanity," she said.

"We Germans in particular have much for which we are grateful to him."

Havel, who had looked in poor health in recent appearances, died at his country home comforted by his wife Dagmar and several nuns⁸, his secretary said.

A former heavy smoker⁹, he had a history of chronic¹⁰ respiratory（呼吸的） problems dating back to his years in communist prisons.

He had part of a lung removed during surgery for cancer in the 1990s.

In January 2009 he was taken to hospital in Prague with an unspecified inflammation, and developed breathing difficulties after undergoing minor¹¹ throat surgery.

Havel first found international fame as a dissident playwright in the 1970s through his involvement with the human rights manifesto¹²（宣言，声明） Charter 77.

His plays satirised life under communist rule, but his work was banned after the reformist Prague Spring of 1968 was crushed by a Soviet-led invasion.

His plays were banned and he was imprisoned¹³ several times.

Following the fall of communism in late 1989, he was elected president by the interim¹⁴ coalition¹⁵ cabinet.

He resigned in 1992 after Slovak nationalists successfully campaigned for the break-up of Czechoslovakia.

He was elected first president of the Czech Republic in January 1993, serving until 2003 when he resigned as his health deteriorated¹⁶.

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收听单词发音

1 playwright
n.剧作家，编写剧本的人
参考例句：
Gwyn Thomas was a famous playwright.格温·托马斯是著名的剧作家。 The playwright was slaughtered by the press.这位剧作家受到新闻界的无情批判。

2 unleash
vt.发泄，发出；解带子放开
参考例句：
They hope to create allies to unleash against diseases,pests,and invasive species.他们希望创造出一些新群体来对付疾病、害虫和一些有侵害性的物种。 Changing water levels now at times unleash a miasma of disease from exposed sewage.如今，大坝不时地改变水位，从暴露的污水释放出了疾病瘴气。

3 coffin
n.棺材，灵柩
参考例句：
When one's coffin is covered,all discussion about him can be settled.盖棺论定。 The coffin was placed in the grave.那口棺材已安放到坟墓里去了。

4 velvet
n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的
参考例句：
This material feels like velvet.这料子摸起来像丝绒。 The new settlers wore the finest silk and velvet clothing.新来的移民穿着最华丽的丝绸和天鹅绒衣服。

5 overthrew
overthrow的过去式
参考例句：
The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。 They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。

6 patriots
爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Abraham Lincoln was a fine type of the American patriots. 亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国爱国者的优秀典型。 These patriots would fight to death before they surrendered. 这些爱国者宁愿战斗到死，也不愿投降。

7 chancellor
n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长
参考例句：
They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。 He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

8 nuns
n.（通常指基督教的）修女，（佛教的）尼姑( nun的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Ah Q had always had the greatest contempt for such people as little nuns. 小尼姑之流是阿Q本来视如草芥的。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》 Nuns are under vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. 修女须立誓保持清贫、贞洁、顺从。来自辞典例句

9 smoker
n.吸烟者，吸烟车厢，吸烟室
参考例句：
His wife dislikes him to be a smoker.他妻子不喜欢他当烟民。 He is a moderate smoker.他是一个有节制的烟民。

10 chronic
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的
参考例句：
Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。 Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

11 minor
adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修
参考例句：
The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。 I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

12 manifesto
n.宣言，声明
参考例句：
I was involved in the preparation of Labour's manifesto.我参与了工党宣言的起草工作。 His manifesto promised measures to protect them.他在宣言里保证要为他们采取保护措施。

13 imprisoned
下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。 They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

14 interim
adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间
参考例句：
The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。 It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

15 coalition
n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合
参考例句：
The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。 Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

16 deteriorated
恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。 His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

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