申请贷款的时候，借款人的信用分数可以在一定程度上反应借款人的信誉。被认定可信的人获得的信用分数会比较高，那么相应的贷款利息也就低一些，这些人拖欠贷款的可能性也相对偏低。不过，最近有一项研究发现，除了人人可见的信用分数以外，借款人的长相也能反应其信誉度。该研究表明，长相诚实可信的借款人获得的信用分数往往比那些长的不太可靠的人要高出20分，他们获得贷款的几率也要高于后者。因此，信誉评估方除了将职业状况、收入等经济因素纳入考察范围，还要考虑到贷款人的种族、性别、肥胖度，甚至吸引力等外貌因素。

A credit score can tell a lender a lot about a prospective¹ borrower, but so can the borrower's looks, a new study says.

People who are perceived to be trustworthy are more likely to have a higher credit score and pay lower interest rates on loans, and are less likely to default, according to the study by Rice University in Houston, Texas.

Even when hard facts such as credit scores are available, people rely on an assessment² of trustworthiness to decide whether to make a loan.

"It turns out that if you look trustworthy, you're more likely to get a loan," said Jefferson Duarte, a professor of real estate finance at Rice University, one of the study's authors.

Duarte and co-authors Stephan Siegel and Lance Young, of the University of Washington in Seattle, studied members of Prosper³.com, an online lending site where people looking for loans are matched up with individual lenders.

Each Prosper.com loan applicant⁴ submitted a profile which included credit and work history, education level, income and an optional photograph of themselves for lender review.

More than 6,800 loan applications, 2,579 loans and 12,200 photographs from Prosper.com were used in the study.

Duarte hired a team of 25 people to rate the applicants⁵' trustworthiness on a scale of one to five using only the photographs of the borrowers. The team also judged the probability that the borrowers would repay a $100 loan.

Those judged to be trustworthy by the team were more likely to get a loan from Prosper.com lenders and tended to have a credit score about 20 points higher than those determined⁶ to be untrustworthy, the researchers found.

"Untrustworthy" borrowers were seven percent more likely to default on their loan than a perceived trustworthy borrower with the same credit score.

"There is an array of information that you can get out of the pictures," Duarte said, adding that Prosper.com borrowers use photographs ranging from family portraits to snapshots of their pets.

"The pictures are revealing something about the behavior of these people that is not taken into account in the credit score model," Duarte said.

To make sure that the evaluators' prejudices did not skew the results, the researchers controlled for race, age, gender⁷, obesity⁸, attractiveness and education, as well as financial factors like employment status, income and homeownership.

Understanding what determines trustworthiness may be relevant to the current economic crisis and be the key in restoring trust in the markets, Duarte said.

"People don't trust the markets right now. The people don't trust the banks, the banks don't trust themselves ... trustworthiness seems to be really important in every single transaction and we need to pay attention to this concept," he said.

Vocabulary:

credit score: 信用分数，是指通过使用科学严谨的分析方法，综合考察影响个人及其家庭的内在和外在的主客观环境，并对其履行各种经济承诺的能力进行全面的判断和评估。