US doctors have carried out what they say is the most extensive face transplant ever performed.

美国医生完成了一场他们做过的最复杂的面部移植手术。

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Richard Norris received a new jaw and teeth in the 36-hour operation
The operation at the University of Maryland gave Richard Norris a new face, including jaw, teeth and tongue.

The 37-year-old has lived as a recluse²（隐士） for 15 years after being severely³ injured in a gun accident, and wore a mask whenever he went outside.

The surgery was funded by the US Navy, which hopes the techniques will help casualties from Iraq and Afghanistan.

Surgeons who carried out the 36-hour operation was say it was part of a series of transplant operations lasting⁴ 72 hours, using organs from one donor⁵ in five patients including Mr Norris.

He lost his lips and nose in the accident, and only had limited movement of his mouth.

The lead surgeon says Mr Norris will now get his life back.

"Our goal is to restore function as well as have aesthetically⁶（审美地） pleasing results," said Eduardo Rodriguez.

The team at the University of Maryland say Mr Norris is now brushing his teeth and shaving, and has regained⁷ his sense of smell.

The US government estimates that 200 wounded troops might be eligible⁸ for face transplants.

The first face transplant was performed in France in 2005, on a woman who was mauled（伤害） by her dog.

In 2010 surgeons in Spain carried out the world's first full face transplant.