Pakistan's PM says he has ordered the army to "eliminate militants¹ and terrorists", apparently² referring to operations against the Taleban.

巴基斯坦首相下令军队“消除激进分子和恐怖分子”，这是反对塔利班明显的行动。

Yusuf Raza Gilani made the announcement in an evening TV address to the nation.

Fighting has intensified³ in recent days in the Swat Valley and other parts of the north-west, and thousands of civilians⁴ are leaving the area.

Meanwhile US envoy⁵ Richard Holbrooke said there had been progress in getting Pakistan and Afghanistan to cooperate.

"I hope the American public sees that we're making progress in the question for real cooperation between Afghanistan and Pakistan, because without that cooperation, success is not achievable," Reuters news agency quoted him as saying.

Mr Holbrooke was speaking after a meeting with Afghan President Hamid Karzai, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari and US senators.

He said another summit would be held between the Afghan and Pakistani leaders and US President Barack Obama after Afghan presidential elections in August. The three leaders met on Wednesday.

Mr Zardari said the international community was coming to the realisation that the problem of militancy⁶ in Pakistan and Afghanistan was a worldwide one.

Earlier US defence secretary Robert Gates said he was satisfied with Pakistan's anti-Taleban moves.

He said there was "very little chance" of the Taleban achieving the kind of success in Pakistan that they would need to get access to the country's nuclear weapons.

At least 10 soldiers have been killed and nine wounded in the fighting in the past 24 hours, the Pakistani military says.

At least seven of them were reported to have died when a troop carrier was ambushed⁷（埋伏） near Mingora.

Appeal for help

Mr Gilani said efforts by the militants to disrupt（分裂，分散） peace and security had reached a point where the government had to take "decisive steps".

"In order to restore honour and dignity of our homeland, and to protect people, the armed forces have been called to eliminate the militants and terrorists," he said.

"The time has come when the entire nation should side with the government and the armed forces against those who want to make the entire country hostage and darken our future at gunpoint," he added.

He also appealed to the international community to help Pakistan look after people displaced by the fighting.

A curfew（宵禁） has been lifted to allow civilians to leave Swat, prompting thousands to flee and join those already in camps or staying with relatives further south.

But around half a million people remain in Mingora, the main town of Swat, where there is no water or electricity.

Residents say at least 24 civilians have lost their lives in the past two days.

Some died when their houses were hit by artillery⁸（火炮，大炮）, while others were reportedly shot for defying a curfew.

The BBC Urdu service's Riffatullah Orakzai says that eyewitnesses⁹ in the Kanju area near Mingora have seen militants setting up checkposts on the main roads and not allowing people who want to flee the fighting to pass.

Witnesses say a large number of people, including women and children, are now stranded¹⁰（搁浅的） there.

Resistance to troops

The International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) says the humanitarian¹¹ crisis in Pakistan is intensifying¹².

In a statement the ICRC said that it no longer had access to the areas most affected¹³ by the conflict and that precise statistics of the displaced were difficult to ascertain¹⁴.

The BBC's M Ilyas Khan in Islamabad says troops moving into Swat face resistance all along the 40km (25-mile) road that heads in a north-easterly direction from Malakand to Mingora.

Our correspondent says that fighting has not only erupted（爆发） in several areas around Mingora, but there are also reports of more clashes in the neighbouring area of Buner.

In another incident, militants overran a paramilitary（准军事性的） fort in the Chakdara area of Lower Dir, officials say.

Three paramilitary soldiers were killed in the attack and 10 policemen were taken away as hostages.