Former rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo who now serve in the army are running mafia-style extortion rackets in the mines, campaigners say.

刚果民主共和国正在服兵役的某些前叛乱分子采用黑手党的方式勒索矿藏。

Rebels from the CNDP were integrated into the DR Congo army 

The country has some of the world's richest mines, which provide minerals to the global electronics industry.

Ex-rebels of the CNDP group are said to have gained far greater control of the mines than they did as insurgents¹（叛乱分子） .

Campaign group Global Witness says the government and international community have failed to demilitarise（解除军事管制） the mines.

The ongoing² conflict in Eastern Congo, which has claimed some six million lives in a little more than a decade, has long revolved³ over access to its mineral wealth, not just by DR Congo but also its neighbour Rwanda through its proxy⁴（代理人） forces.

After last year's high profile government offensive against one rebel group which controlled many of the mines in Eastern Congo, the military has moved in and transferred power to a competing armed group.

A move to integrate rebels from the CNDP - whose leader Laurent Nkunda has been under house arrest in Rwanda since last year - into Congo's national army has seen them enjoying more control of the country's mineral wealth than ever before, according to Global Witness investigators⁵.

In one mine in South Kivu, civilian⁶ miners claimed they were being forced to pay $10 each to the military for permission to spend a night working in the mines.

Researchers say that instead of protecting civilians⁷, the military is taxing them illegally, and subjecting them to abuse.

They also claim that high profile international companies are still knowingly sourcing minerals from these militarised mines - a contravention（违反，违背） of UN sanctions, which campaigners say are not being enforced.