研究:帮助孩子克服恐惧
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-11-14 03:30 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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Many parents of preschoolers(学龄前儿童) struggle with their children's fears of real and imaginary1 creatures. A new study offers some ideas on how they can better manage their children's worries. The study, which was carried out by researchers at the University of California, Davis, appears in the November/December 2009 issue of the journal2 Child Development.

Researchers studied about 50 4-, 5-, and 7-year-olds in an effort to(试图,企图) identify coping3 strategies4 that can be carried out by children. The children listened to a series of short illustrated5(有插图的) stories. Each story featured a child alone or with another person who came into contact with something that looked like a real or an imaginary frightening creature, such as a snake or a ghost. Children were asked to predict how intensely6 afraid each of the children in the stories were, to give a reason why each child felt that way, and to offer a way to help the child in the story feel less afraid.

In situations in which a child's fear was caused by real creatures, the researchers found, children would rather do something than think positive thoughts. In these situations, boys more often suggested fighting, while girls more often wanted to avoid the creature.

They also found that between ages 4 and 7, children show more understanding that people's thoughts and beliefs can both cause and reduce fear. While preschoolers tended to suggest pretending the imaginary creature was friendly, older children tended to suggest reminding themselves what the reality was. Therefore, the researchers say, preschoolers may benefit from seeing things in a more positive light ("Let's pretend the dragon is nice"), while older children may do better when they focus on what's real and what's not ("Dragons aren't real").

"These results should help parents by reminding them to keep in mind their children's age-appropriate abilities when helping7 them deal with their fears, particularly fears of imaginary creatures," according to the researchers.



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1 imaginary Aazxr     
adj.想象中的,假想的,虚构的,幻想的;虚数的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in this book are imaginary.此书中的所有人物都是虚构的。
  • The boy's fears were only imaginary.这小孩的恐惧只是一种想象。
2 journal g3Ex2     
n.日志,日记;议事录;日记帐;杂志,定期刊物
参考例句:
  • He kept a journal during his visit to Japan.他在访问日本期间坚持记日记。
  • He got a job as editor of a trade journal.他找到了一份当商业杂志编辑的工作。
3 coping 482f6b926f8309dce5fe11d65c941e9c     
顶部,顶盖,墙的顶部
参考例句:
  • I got to the stage where I wasn't coping any more. 到了这个阶段,我已经无法应付了。
  • They have done remarkably well in coping with natural calamities. 他们在战胜自然灾害方面做得极为出色。
4 strategies cffbc1eff1ec962c6fe0afc3f56145c7     
n.策略( strategy的名词复数 );战略;战略学;对策
参考例句:
  • Several steps and strategies have been developed to minimize these risks. 有关人士发展了若干措施和方法以减少这些风险。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
  • Different threats require different strategies. 对付不同的威胁需要不同的策略。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
5 illustrated 2a891807ad5907f0499171bb879a36aa     
adj. 有插图的,列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition. 他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄到的幻灯片。
  • The manufacturing Methods: Will be illustrated in the next chapter. 制作方法将在下一章说明。
6 intensely kqzzFG     
adv.强烈地
参考例句:
  • I was intensely curious to know more about him. 我迫不及待地想更多地了解他的情况。
  • Her parents were intensely ambitious for her and her younger sister. 她的父母对她和她妹妹有着很高的期望。
7 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
TAG标签: children fear preschooler
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