备战2007年中考英语·十大词类复习全攻略三
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)


数词
  六、数词

  (一)基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。

  1.基数词的构成

  (1)1-20

  one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,

  sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

  (2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。

  23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

  (3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;

  586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

  (4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为

  million3,第三个“,”前为billion(美式)或thousand ,million(英式),然后一节一节地表示。

  1,001→one thousand and one

  9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five

  18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

  6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

  750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion4(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式)

  2.基数词的用法

  (1)作主语

  eg.Four Of them come from Paris.

  (2)作宾语

  eg.一 How many books would5 you like?

  一I would like two.

  (3)作表语

  eg.Seven minus6 two is five.

  (4)作定语

  eg.There are three people in my family·

  (5)作同位语

  eg. You two will go swimming with us.

  (6)表具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million用单数。

  eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.

  (7)表不确定的数字时,数词用复数。若带名词,再加of hundreds of(数百,成百上千的),thousands of(数干,成千上万的),millions of(数百万)

  eg,They arrived in two sand threes.他们三三两两地来了。

  (8)表示“…十”的数词的复数可以表示人的岁数或年代。

  eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十来岁(31—34岁):

  This took7 place in the 1930s.这事发生在二十世纪三十年代;

  (9)表示时刻

  eg.I watch CCTV News8 at seven o’clock every evening.

  (二)序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。

  1.序数词的构成

  (1)一般在基数词后加th

  eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

  (2)不规则变化

  one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve——~twelfih

  (3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th

  twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth

  (4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。

  twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth

  2.序数词的用法

  (1)序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。

  eg.Tom is their second son.

  He is the first one to come here.

  (2)序数词有时可与不定冠词连用,表示数量上“又—”,“再一”

  eg: He tried a second time.他又试了—次。

  Shall9 l ask him a third time?还要我再问他—次吗?我已问了他两次)

  (3)序数词的缩写形式为:阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。

  1st 2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd

  (4表示年、月、日时,年用基数词,日用序数词。

  2005年8月15日:(英)15,8,2005=15th,August,2005;(美)8,15,2005=August 15th,2005

  (三)基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。

  No.1(1号),No.3bus(3路公共汽车),Room 103,(103号旁间)

  The first lesson=Lesson Two(第二课)

  (四)分数词的表达

  分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加s

  eg.1/3-one third;2/5-two fifths10

  (五)数学运算的表达

  eg.3+5=8 Three plus/and five is eight.

  9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.

  6x5=30 Five times six is thirty /six unutilized five is thirty.

  8÷2=4 Eight divided11 by two is four.

介词
  七、介词

  (一)表示时间的介词

  (1)at

  ①接具体时间:eg.at six,at half past two,at ten to twelve

  ②表示“在…时刻”;eg: at noon,at midnight12

  (2)in

  ①表示“在(某段时间段)之间”;

  eg.in January,in a month,in spring,in 2005

  ②在将来时中,表示“在某段时间之后”

  eg.In ten years,I think I’ll be a reporter13.

  (3)on

  表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。

  eg. On Monday,On Tuesday afternoon,On May4th,On the morning of July 6th

  (二)固定搭配的介词

  (1)动词+介词:look after,look at,look for,laugh at,listen to,hear from,turn On,turn off14, wait for,worry about,think of,spend……On

  (2)介词十名词:by train,on foot,at the end of ,at last,in the end,in trouble,at table,at breakfast,

  in hospital,in time,On time, On one’s way to,with pleasure16

  (3)be+形容词+介词:be afraid of ,be good at,be good/bad for, be late for,be interested17 in,be angry, with,be full of,be sorry for

  连词  

  八、连词(conj.用来连接词与词或句与句

  (1)并列连词(用来连接平行的词、词组或分句)

  ①表并列关系:not only……but also,neither……nor,and

  ②表选择关系:or,either……or

  ③表转折关系:but,while

  ④表因果关系:for,so

  (2)从属连词(用来引导从句)

  ①引导时间状语从句: after,before,when,while,as2,until,till,since,as soon as

  ②引导原因状语从句:because,as,since

  ③引导目的状语从句:so that,in order18 that

  ④引导结果状语从句:so that,so…that,such……that

  ⑤引导比较状语从句:than,as…as

  ⑥引导宾语从句:that,if, whether19


动词
  九、动词(verb20.)动词表示主语的动作或状态

  (一)动词的种类。

  (1)及物动词vt,其后接宾语。

  eg.She wears a uniform.

  (2)不及物动词vi,不接宾语。

  eg :She can dance.

  (3)连系动词like-v.接表语。

  eg.They are nurses.

  That sounds interesting.

  His mother looks young.

  If you keep milk for too long, it goes bad.

  (4)助动词aux——V.接动词原形或分词(它无实在意思,只起语法作用)。

  eg, DO you like pandas?

  He has gone to Australia.

  She is looking at the cat.

  (5)情态动词mod-v.接动词原形(它不能单独作谓语,有自己的意思,无人称和数的变化)。

  Eg. He must go now.

  You should clean the classroom after class.

  (6)有些动词既可作及物动词,也可作助动词或不及物动词,be也可作助动词。

  eg.I do my homework after class.(Vt.)

  Do as you like.(Vi.)

  She is a little bit21 quiet.(mod-v.)

  She is swimming now.(aux-v.)

  (二)情态动词的用法

  [1]can,could22,may的用法

  l .can/could

  (1)表示具有某种能力,意为“能、能够、会”(could表过去)。

  eg.I can sing English songs.

  Lisa can’t speak Japanese23.

  She could swim when she was24 four years old.

  (2)表示许:可、允许,意为“可以”。

  eg.Can we watch TV now?

  You can’t play computer games in the morning.

  (3)表示请求某人做某事,意为“能,能够”(用could使晤气更委婉)。

  eg.Can/Could you help me,please?

  (4)表示推测“可能”,多用于否定句和疑问句中。(表肯定推测可用must,might,could等)

  cg.it can’t be true25.这不可能是真的。

  Where can he have gone?他可能会去哪儿呢?

  2.may/might

  (1)表示许可、允许,意为“可以”,比can更正式。

  eg. May l use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗?

  May l ask you a question?我可以问你—个问题吗?

  (2)表示推测“可能”,用于肯定句和否定句,不能用于疑问句。

  eg.He may be at home now.他可能现在在家。

  She may not be there today.今天她可能不在那儿。

  [2]can与be able15 to的区别

  1.两者都可以用来表示能力。

  eg.I can/am able to mend26 the bike.

  2.can只有现在时(Can)和过去时(could),而be able to可用于多种时态。

  eg. I will be able to come back in another few27 months.

  He hasn’t been able to get there before dark28.

  3.can可以表示推测,但be able to不能。

  eg.That Can’t be Gina’s dictionary29.

  4.can与be able to;不能重复使用

  eg.他能做好这件事。

  He can be able to do is well.(X1

  He can do it well.(√)

  He is able to do it well.(√)

  (三)must与have to的区别

  1.主客观方面不同。

  must表“义务”或“强制”,表示主观的必要;在肯定句中must还可表推测,语气要比may肯定多。have to表“必须”或“不得不”,表示客观的必要。

  eg.We must clean the room.(表示我们认为房间太脏了。)

  We have to clean the room.(表示没有人替我们打扫房间等客观原因。)

  He must beat30 home before supper.(他晚饭前一定在家。)

  2.人称和时态不同。

  must无人称和时态的变化,一律用must十动词原形。have to后接动词原形,有人称、数和时态的变化,一般现在时的第三人称单数要用has to,过去时中要用had to,将来时中要用will have to.另外,have to还可与,情态动词和助动词连用。

  eg: Tom must practice31 his guitar every day.

  The train has left.We’ll have to wait for the next train.

  3.否定式及意义不同。

  must not=mustn’t“决不可/千万不可/务必不要”; don’t/doesn't/didn’t/won’t+have to“不必”

  eg.We mustn’t tell jokes32 on him.我们千万不可与他开玩笑。

  We don’t have to tell jokes on him.我们不必和他开玩笑。

  在对May I…? 作否定回答时用No, you mustn’t/can’t.

  eg. May l go to the movies? NO,You mustn’t

  4.疑问式及回答不同。

  Must+主语+动词原形+…? Yes,主语+ must./NO,主语+needn’t.

  助动词+主语+have to+动词原形+…?

  Yes,主语+助动词。/No,主语+助动词+not.

  eg.Must l go now? Yes,you must./NO,you needn’t

  Does she have to go to the doctor? Yes,she does./NO,she doesn’t.

 



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 x 9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6     
n.字母x,罗马数字10adj.X形的,X级的(电影等),第二十四的
参考例句:
  • The possible permutations of x, y and z are xyz, xzy, yxz, yzx, zxy and zyx. x、y和z的可能的组合方式为xyz、xzy、yxz、yzx、zxy和zyx。
  • The chest X-rays showed moderate enlargement of the heart. 胸部X光片显示出心脏稍有扩大。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
3 million D7QzO     
num.百万,100万;n.无数,大众
参考例句:
  • I've seen it a million times.我在书上看过无数遍了。
  • What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元,你会干什么?
4 billion 2WIzm     
num.十亿;数以十亿计;大量;一万亿
参考例句:
  • A billion is a large number.十亿是个大数目。
  • They've spent nearly a billion dollars on it already.他们已经在那上面花了近10亿美元。
5 would 8fPwB     
aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会
参考例句:
  • Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说?
  • Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗?
6 minus CDrx1     
n.负号;adj.减的,负的,阴性的;prep.减,缺
参考例句:
  • The temperature was minus 30 degrees.气温为零下30度。
  • He seems to have mistaken a minus for a plus.他似乎把负号误作正号了。
7 took indwq     
vt.带,载(take的过去式)
参考例句:
  • I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。
  • It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。
8 news OG1xE     
n.新闻,消息
参考例句:
  • No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。
  • I like reading hot news.我喜欢读热点新闻。
9 shall lzFwQ     
v.aux.(主要用于第一人称)将
参考例句:
  • I shall always love you.我将永远爱你。
  • Which club shall we join?我们要参加哪个社团?
10 fifths 23be4669558e27f7d04a4ac41d1ab38d     
adj.第五n.五分之一( fifth的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The ivory Buddha carved by Shen Weizhong, a contemporary Chinese sculptor, is the world's smallest piece of sculpture, its size being just four-fifths that of a grain of rice. 中国当代雕刻工艺师沈为众雕刻的象牙佛像是世界上最小的雕刻。这个象牙佛像只有一粒米的五分之四大。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He tried to remember, span the crowded events of three-fifths of a lifetime. 他想回忆一下,想越过一生中五分之三的光阴和繁杂的事件去回忆。 来自辞典例句
11 divided skCzv     
adj.分离的,被分割的,分裂的v.分( divide的过去式和过去分词 );划分;分离;(使)产生分歧
参考例句:
  • The organisms can be divided into discrete categories. 有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
  • The government is divided on this issue. 政府在这个问题上意见不统一。
12 midnight QDRxn     
n.午夜
参考例句:
  • The ship pulled in to the shore at midnight.那船半夜时靠岸。
  • He looked at the moon and made the time to be midnight.他看了看月亮,估计时间是半夜了。
13 reporter GVHxP     
n.记者;新闻通讯同
参考例句:
  • A good reporter has a nose for news.一个优秀的记者善于发现新闻。
  • He told his story to a reporter.他向一个记者讲述了自己的经历。
14 off 7Ilxf     
adj.远的;休假的,空闲的;adv.走开,出发,隔断;prep.离开,脱落,在...之外
参考例句:
  • You'd better cool off first.你最好先冷静下来。
  • I need some time off.我需要一些时间休息。
15 able 2ISy5     
adj.能...的,有才能的,能干的,能够的
参考例句:
  • How good and able he is!瞧他多能干啊!
  • He is able to do this job well.他有能力做好这件工作。
16 pleasure sOzxl     
n.愉快,快乐,高兴,乐事,乐趣,意志,愿望
参考例句:
  • It's a pleasure talking to you.同您谈话很愉快。
  • He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。
17 interested WqFzGH     
adj.感兴趣的;拥有权益的;有成见的v.使…感兴趣(interest的过去分词)
参考例句:
  • to be interested in wildlife conservation 对野生动物保护感兴趣
  • I told him I wasn't interested, but he wasn't deterred. 我已告诉他我不感兴趣,可他却不罢休。
18 order iJJxt     
n.订单;命令;n.顺序,整齐;勋章;阶级,决议;vt.命令; 调整;定购
参考例句:
  • His desk is always in order.他的书桌上总是整整齐齐的。
  • You pay for it at the time you order it.订购时就得付款。
19 whether wUOzY     
conj.是否…,是不是…;是否…,是不是…
参考例句:
  • I cannot say whether it was Saturday or Sunday.我无法肯定那天是星期六还是星期天。
  • I don't care whether it rains,I am happy.我才不在乎下不下雨呢,我快活着呢。
20 verb OiywI     
n.[语]动词
参考例句:
  • The sentence is formed from a verb and two nouns.这句子由一个动词和两个名词构成。
  • These are the finite forms of a verb.这些是一个动词的限定形式。
21 bit VRGyo     
n.一点儿,少量;钻头;马嚼子;辅币,位,比特(二进位制信息单位);v.控制
参考例句:
  • I'm just going out for a bit.我正打算出去一会儿。
  • When did you change the bit?什么时候换的钻头?
22 could lzvxe     
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
参考例句:
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
23 Japanese W3vxm     
n.日本人;日语;日文;adj.日本的;日本语的
参考例句:
  • This is of Japanese make.这是日本制造的。
  • He began to learn Japanese three years ago.3年前他开始学日语。
24 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
25 true nm2wH     
a.真实,不假的;忠实,可靠的;正确无误的
参考例句:
  • He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。
  • I will come and see if it is true.我要来了解一下,是否真有其事。
26 mend hwgy7     
n.修补,改进,修补处;vt.修改,改进;vi.改过自新,改进,痊愈
参考例句:
  • She asked how to mend the radio.她问无线电怎么修。
  • Things will mend in time.事态总有一天会好转。
27 few kk0x2     
adj.很少的,不多的,少数的;int.少数的
参考例句:
  • There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
  • I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。
28 dark gOQzT     
adj.黑色的;暗的;黑暗的
参考例句:
  • The night is too dark for us to see.夜间太暗,我们看不见。
  • The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.月亮出来时,天空是深蓝色的,非常晴朗。
29 dictionary OvvxO     
n.词典,字典,辞典
参考例句:
  • I have a new dictionary.我有一本新字典。
  • This is a very good dictionary.这是一本非常好的词典。
30 beat CQbyp     
n.打,敲打声,拍子;v.打,打败
参考例句:
  • You can fight him,but can you beat him?你可以打他,但是你能击败他吗?
  • The dry grass caught fire, but we beat it out.干草着火了,但我们将它扑灭了。
31 practice oPJxa     
n.练习,实行,习惯;v.练习,实习,开业
参考例句:
  • I need to practice more.我要多加练习。
  • Knowledge comes from practice.知识来自于实践。
32 jokes 58110c37b29af91a4fd7a48bb9db1f58     
n.笑话,玩笑( joke的名词复数 );可笑的人、事物、情形v.开玩笑( joke的第三人称单数 );戏弄;闹着玩;说着玩
参考例句:
  • They all guffawed at his jokes. 他们听了他的笑话都一阵狂笑。
  • an inexhaustible supply of good jokes 讲不完的精彩笑话
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