牛津实用英语语法 137 can/am able,could/was able
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A can be able

1 shallwill be able是唯一的将来时形式:

Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks

我们的宝宝再过几个星期就能走路了。

2 canbe able都可用于现在时,can则更常用些:

Can youAre you able to type

你会打字吗?

I can't pay you todayCan you wait till tomorrow

今天我不能付你钱。你可以等到明天吗?

Could you wait

您能等候吗?(参见下面B2。)

3 在现在完成时中,必须用be able形式:

Since his accident he hasnt been able to leave the house

自从他遇到意外以后,他一直没能出门。

B could

1 如存在着条件的含义,could可以用来表示现在时的意义:

Could you run the business by yourself

你能自己管理这企业吗?(如果必要的话)

Could he get another job

他能找到另一份工作吗?(如果他辞掉这份工作的话)

I could get you a copy

我可以给你弄到一本。(如果你想要的话)

在头两个例句中could可以用would be able替代。

2 could you?是一种极好的表示请求的方式。它跟 would you

可以替换使用,但比后者更有礼貌些:

Could you show me the way/lend me5wait half an hour

你能给我指一下路/借我五英镑/等半小时吗?

Could you please send me an application1 form

您能否寄给我一份申请表?

couldn't you?也是很有用的:

HouseholderCould you come and mend a leak2 in a pipe3

房主:你能不能来修理一下管道?

PlumberWould sometime4 next month suit you

管道工:您看下个月什么时候合适吗?

HouseholderCouldn't you come a little earlier

房主:你是否能提前一些日子来?

C couldwaswere able用于表示过去的能力

1 只表示一般的能力时,两者都可用:

When I was young I couldwas able to climb any tree in the forest

我年轻的时候,林子里的什么树我都能爬。

2 表示能力+特定行为时,要用 waswere able

Although the pilot was badly hurt he was able to explain what had hap5 pened

飞行员的伤势虽然很重,但是他还能够解释发生的一切。(他能够而且的确作了解释。)

The boat capsized quite near the bank so the children were able to swim to safety

船是在离岸很近处翻的,因此,那些孩子能够游到安全的地方。(他们能够也的确游到安全的地方。)

但是,这一规则用于否定句中表示未能发生的事时或与表示感觉的动词连用时,就不那么严格了:

He read the message but he couldn'twasn't able to understand it

他读了那张纸条,但却不懂是什么意思。

I couldwas able to see him through the window

我透过窗户能看见他。

D 过去完成式是 had been able

He said he had lost his passport6 and hadn't been able to leave the country

他说他丢了护照因而不能离开这个国家。(有关could在间接引语中的用法,参见第312节。)



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1 application XMDyX     
n.申请,请求,申请书;应用,实施,实用性
参考例句:
  • They rejected his application for membership.他们拒绝考虑他的成员资格申请。
  • Her application was turned down.她的申请被驳回了。
2 leak f3qy5     
vi.漏,渗;泄漏;vt.使渗漏,使泄漏;n.漏洞,漏隙;泄漏,漏出
参考例句:
  • There is a leak in the roof.房顶上有个漏洞。
  • There has been a leak of information.走漏了风声。
3 pipe Y24zb     
n.管,导管,输送管,管状器官,声带,烟斗,笛,管乐器&vt.以管输送
参考例句:
  • The pipe has been stopped up already.管子已完全堵住了。
  • The pipe carries water.这管子是送水用的。
4 sometime CwGw2     
adv.将来某一时候;改天
参考例句:
  • He came sometime last month.上个月某个时候他曾经来过。
  • It will happen sometime and somewhere.有朝一日这总会在什么地方发生的。
5 hap Ye7xE     
n.运气;v.偶然发生
参考例句:
  • Some have the hap,some stick in the gap.有的人走运, 有的人倒霉。
  • May your son be blessed by hap and happiness.愿你儿子走运幸福。
6 passport uLaxa     
n.护照,手段,通行证
参考例句:
  • In his hurry to leave,he forgot his passport.他急急忙忙动身的时候忘了带护照。
  • A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。
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