牛津实用英语语法 196 过去完成时在间接引语中的用法
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-03-14 07:02 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A 引导动词如果是一般过去时,直接引语中的现在完成时在间接引语中要变成过去完成时:

He said1,‘Ive been in England for ten years.’

他说:“我已经在英国住了十年了。”相当于:

He said that he had2 been in England for ten years

他说他在英国已经住了十年。

He said,‘When youve worked for a year youll get a rise3.’

他说:“你工作一年之后,会加工资。”相当于:

He said that when Id worked for a year Id get a rise

他说我工作一年之后会加工资。

She said,‘Ill lend4 you the book as5 soon as I have read it myself6.’

她说:“我一看完这本书就借给你。”相当于:

She said shed lend me the book as soon as shed read it herself7

她说她一看完那本书就借给我。

B 直接引语中的一般过去时通常也作同样的变化:

He said,‘I knew her well.’

他说:“我过去很了解她。”相当于:

He said that he had known8 her well

他说他过去很了解她。

但在许多情况下一般过去时保持不变。(参见第309节至第310节。)(关于条件句中if后的过去完成时,参见第223节;wishonly之后的过去完成时,参见第300节;关于as if asthough之后的过去完成时,参见第292节。)



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1 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句:
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
2 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
3 rise xCizr     
v.(rose,risen)上升;升起;起床;起立
参考例句:
  • The sun rises.太阳升起来。
  • I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。
4 lend 917xa     
v.把…借给;借给
参考例句:
  • Would you lend me some money?能借我一些钱吗?
  • They had no reading books to lend.他们没有阅读用书可以出借。
5 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
6 myself fFSxG     
pron.我自己
参考例句:
  • Should I do it myself?我应该自己做吗?
  • I woke up to find myself in the hospital.我醒来发现自己在医院里。
7 herself cdTxA     
pron.她自己
参考例句:
  • The little girl wrote the letter all by herself. 这小女孩自己写了这封信。
  • She should do her homework herself.她应该自己做作业。
8 known hpKzdc     
adj.大家知道的;知名的,已知的
参考例句:
  • He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
  • He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
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