2)定语从句中的有关句型:
(1)由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
As we have known1, he is a most good student.“众所周知,他是个很好的学生”请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句)
(2)由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.“他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。”(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)
(3)由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的) 例如:
①This is the house where I used to come.
请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
②This is the day when I joined the Party.
请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。
3)让步状语从句中的有关句型:
“No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose+从句,+主句”(注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态) 例如:
①No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. “无论你做什么,一定要做好。”
②No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know.“你无论去哪儿,请通知我。”
说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
注意:I will tell whoever2 would like to read it.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替,因为它既作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。
4)条件状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句”(从句也可以放在主句之后)例如:
①As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.“只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。”
②Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. “一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。”
(2)“主句+on condition that+从句” 例如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.“我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。”
(3)“主句+unless+从句.”(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定) 例如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.“我明天去那儿除非下雨。”
(4)“祈使句,+and/ and then+主句”(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语) 例如:
①Use your head, and you will find a good idea.“动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。”
②Another word, and I will beat you.“你再说一句,我就揍你。”
(5)“If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句” 例如:
If necessary, I will do it. “如果有必要的话,我来做此事。”
5)原因状语从句的有关句型
(1)“主句+in case+从句”(in case表示以免) 例如:
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.“我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。”
(2)“主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句” 例如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.“由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。”