13.        While nearly everyone would agree in principle that certain efforts to preserve the
natural environment are in humankind's best interest, environmental issues always
involve a tug¹ of war among conflicting political and economic interests. For this reason,
and because serious environmental problems are generally large in scale, government
participation² is needed to ensure environmental preservation³.
      Experience tells us that individuals (and private corporations owned by
individuals) tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest,
not on behalf of the environment or the public at large. For example, current technology
makes possible the complete elimination⁴ of polluting emissions⁵ from automobiles⁷.
Nevertheless, neither automobile⁶ manufacturers nor consumers are willing or able to
voluntarily make the short-term sacrifices necessary to accomplish this goal. Only the
government holds the regulatory and enforcement power to impose the necessary
standards and to ensure that we achieve such goats.
      Aside from the problems of self-interest and enforcement, environmental issues
inherently involve public health and are far too pandemic in nature for individuals to
solve on their own. Many of the most egregious⁸ environmental violations⁹ traverse state
and sometimes national borders. Environmental hazards are akin¹⁰ to those involving
food and drug safety and to protecting borders against enemies; individuals have neither
the power nor the resources to address these widespread hazards.
      In the final analysis, only the authority and scope of power that a government
possesses can ensure the attainment¹¹ of agreed-upon environmental goals. Because
individuals are incapable¹² of assuming this responsibility, government must do so.

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