谈GMAT考试原因评述题(Criticalreasoning)b
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(一)、论点构造题

  这一方面的问题主要让考生去识别或找到:the basic structure of an argument(论述的基本结构),properly drawn1 conclusion(正确得到的结论),underlying assumption (隐含的假设),well-supported explanatory hypotheses(有力的解释性假说)以及parallels between structurally2 similar arguments(结构上相似的论点的类似性)。换句话说,这类题型考察的就是我们识别怎样的前提或附加信息可以得出、支持或削弱既定结论的能力。从根本上看,就是在考察演绎推理的能力。

  解决这类题型,要紧紧抓住前面提到的相关性原则。一方面,要细读题干,从头看到尾,同时思考:结论句中包含哪些假设?结论可以由什么推出?另一方面,在判断5个选项与题干有无相关关系时,可以使用如下判别方法:1. 在不违背题干意思的前提下,触及矛盾点或对比点的,就是最佳选项;2. 选择的范围要大于原文的范围。

  下面是一道简单的例题:

  The cost of producing radios in Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees and tariff3 charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.

  The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?

  (A) Labor4 costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.

  (B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.

  (C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.

  (D) The fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Q.

  (E) It takes ten percent less time to manufacture a radio in Country Q than it does in Country Y.

  很明显,题干中出现了2个比较对象:the cost of producing radios in Country Q, the cost of producing radios in Country Y, 和一个矛盾点:transportation fees and tariff charges.只有C项触及了题干中出现比较对象和矛盾点。因此C是最佳选项。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
2 structurally b9ab462aabf667bfba00ea360ed6c929     
在结构上
参考例句:
  • The house roof was (structurally) unsound. 这屋顶(结构)不牢固。
  • Pinhole on shot-hole damage is never structurally significant. 针孔和蛀洞所造成的危害对结构的影响不大。
3 tariff mqwwG     
n.关税,税率;(旅馆、饭店等)价目表,收费表
参考例句:
  • There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。
  • The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。
4 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
参考例句:
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
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