Part B:长对话(Longer Conversations)

　　考试当天你将会碰到如下的答题提示：

　　Directions: In this part of the test you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated.After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

　　策略

　　逆向搜索法不太适合较长的对话和段落题,因为每个段落的后面接下来有3至4个问题.充分利用Direction旁白时间,尽量事先浏览一下答案的选项,对这篇文章中会用到的一些词汇有个提前的熟悉。

　　策略1

　　(针对听力能力较差的考生)当磁带在放的时候,闭上你的眼睛全神贯注于对话的主题(中心思想),不必担心你没有每个词都听懂,尽量去理解这个对话是关于什么的,说话的人是谁,然后根据你对文章大意的把握答题。

　　策略2

　　(针对听力能力较高的考生)当磁带在放的时候,听对话或演讲的大意,同时留意细节.注意特别的人，物，地点和事件.同样要想说话的人是谁,他们的关系是什么.因为后面出题时经常用原字或者原词(一般不会用不同的词，即同义词复述).这一部分的难度很大程度上来自记住所有的细节，因为考试时规定你不能做记号。所以当你练习的时候要注意训练这种能力。(当然你要是写一点记号也是可以的,做完题后擦掉就行了。)

　　考点及题型

　　中心思想题/场景题；复述题；暗示推理题。?

　　1999年1月Part B考题(第31-34题)

　　PART OF A TELEPHONE INTERVIEW

　　* Dr. Thomas? This is Keet Bradley from the daily news. I'd like to ask you some questions about the new official standard weight that you purchased.

　　* I'd be happy to help you. What would you like to know?

　　* First of all, how was the standard weight used?

　　* Well, the people in our department use it to check the scales all over the country. The department of weights and measures, we are a government agency. It's our responsibility to see that all the scales measure a kilogram accurately¹ so this is the way we use to adjust the scales.

　　* How did you check the scales before?

　　* We have an old standard weight that we used to use. It had to be replaced because it was imprecise. You see it was made of poor quality metal that was too porous². It absorbed too much moisture.

　　* Oh. So when the weather was humid it weighed more and when it was dry it weighed less.

　　* Exactly. And that variation can affect the standards of the whole country. So our department had the new weight made out of higher quality metal.

　　* How much did it cost?

　　* About 45 thousand dollars.

　　* 45,000 dollars? For one kilogram weight? That's more expensive than gold. Is it really worth that much?

　　* I'm sure it is. Industries depend on our government agency to monitor the accuracy of scales so that when they buy and sell their products there is one standard. Think of the drug industry, for example, those companies rely on high accuracy scales to manufacture and package medicine

中心思想题/场景题?

　　例题：

　　What is the conversation mainly about?

　　(A) How to care for precious metals.

　　(B) A standard unit for measuring weight.

　　(C) The value of precious metals.

　　(D) Using the metric system.

　　答案是B。显然这是一道中心思想题。在托福的听力中，中心思想题又叫场景题。因为一旦你能确定对话或者演讲的中心内容，你也就确定了该对话或演讲的场景；反之亦然。首先，Daily news的职员(记者)电话采访Dr Thomas。即使你的听力不是很好，你也能听到首音节重读的单词standard。接着，又出现了许多与尺度有关的词，如weight，measure，scale。所以，我们可以肯定他们在谈关于选项B中的“衡量重量的标准单位”。

　　复述题?

　　例题：How was the weight used?

　　(A) To check the accuracy of scales.

　　(B) To calculate the density³ of other metals.

　　(C) To observe changes in the atmosphere.

　　(D) To measure amounts of rainfall.?

　　答案是A。复述题只是对对话中原句用同义词的改写甚至就用原句照搬到选项中。在这一题中，即使你不知道the weight到底是什么东西，你也可以猜测它应该指代the standard weight(标准称)。对话中曾经出现了check the scale，而文章的倒数第二句“Industries depend on our government agency to monitor the accuracy of scales so that when they buy and sell their products there is one standard.”也说明了the weight的用途。?

　　例题：Why was it necessary to replace the old standard weight?

　　(A) Someone spilled water on it.

　　(B) Someone lost it.

　　(C) It was made of low quality metal.

　　(D) The standard for measuring had changed.?答案是C。

　　对话中出现了poor quality metal这样的词句，而在谈到new standard weight时又用higher quality。显然，old standard weight不是poor quality metal就是not higher quality，两者都可以，因为得出的关于old standard weight的结论都是一样的，即“低质量”。

　　暗示推理题?

　　例题：What does Dr. Thomas probably think about the cost of the new weight?

　　(A) It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.

　　(B) It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.

　　(C) It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.

　　(D) It is too high for such a light weight.

　　答案是C。这里，问题问Dr. Thomas可能怎样看待new weight的成本。对话中，Dr. Thomas并没有直接说the cost is good or bad。但我们却可以通过前后两句推出它认为“it is worthwhile”，即一问一答“Is it really worth that much?”“I'm sure it is.”。

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