托福考试改错题常考要点及例题分析(下)2
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六、比较级和最高级
比较级和最高级的出题非常有规则,一共有5个出题方向,并且每次考试必然考两个

(一) 比较级或最高级形式上的重复
例:The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which
      A              
  involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom.
     B       C           D
分析:A错,应改为easiest。easiest本身已是最高级,不必再用most,这是最高级形式上的重复

(二)比较级和最高级之间的混用
例:The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses.
     A      B     C  D
分析:B错,应改为most plentiful1。 plentiful是多音节形容词,须在前面加most构成最高级。
例:The more fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere
     A       B     C   D
  is the grizzly2 bear.
分析:A错,应该用最高级most,含有介词of, among, in 表示的范围状语使用最高级。

(三)比较词than的前面一定要有比较级
改错题中,通常会看见than前面有一个原级
例:Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing3 with
   A           B 
  concepts of time and space than stage directors can.
   C                 D
分析:B错,应改为greater。根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式,注意far, much 修饰比较级。

(四)在as…as以及否定not so…as, not as…as的中间使用形容词原级
as sweeter as, 这是不对的,应改为as sweet as

(五)the 和比较级最高级的关系

①、比较级前面可以出现the, 修饰后面的名词
the taller boy

②、副词的最高级加不加the均可以
例:Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed
          A            B
  prolifically4 when temperatures are warm, food is
  abundant, and humidity is moderate.
    C          D
分析:副词的最高级加不加the均可, 所以A正确,从从句的主语可以看出,B应该改为they

③、形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the, 如果不作定语的话,加不加the均可以
例:Of all the Native Americans in the United States,
  A  B         C    
  the Navajos form largest group.
         D
分析:D错,应改为form the largest。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词。
陷阱1, earliest, 有两种可能,
一种可能是early的最高级,最早的语言,the earliest language
    另一种可能作名词,表示早期,必须和时间的名词连用,earliest time, earliest ages, 表示很早的年代,很早的时代,也就是说,如果以后碰上earliest后面加上times, ages, 前面不用加the
例:The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many
            A      B         C
  countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans.
            D
分析:A错,应改为has existed。主语是单数名词the belief,而不是复数名词fairies,故谓语动词是单数形式。earliest times表示表示很早的时代是正确的。
陷阱2,如果最高级前面有所有格的话,不用加the
例如:my best friends
例:Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial
            A    B     C
  and banking5 center.
        D
分析:C错,应改为is an industrial center。center为可数名词,它的修饰词前面应有不定冠词。
Utah's largest city, 题目中其实是省略了Utah's。

例:Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in sedimentary
                 A        
  formations, where they interrupt previously6 continuous layers.
    B   C     D
分析:A错,are的表语必须用evident, 为什么不加the, 因为作表语,而不是定语



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1 plentiful r2izH     
adj.富裕的,丰富的
参考例句:
  • Their family has a plentiful harvest this year.他们家今年又丰收了。
  • Rainfall is plentiful in the area.这个地区雨量充足。
2 grizzly c6xyZ     
adj.略为灰色的,呈灰色的;n.灰色大熊
参考例句:
  • This grizzly liked people.这只灰熊却喜欢人。
  • Grizzly bears are not generally social creatures.一般说来,灰熊不是社交型动物。
3 dealing NvjzWP     
n.经商方法,待人态度
参考例句:
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
4 prolifically f54a8b510b7afd9c95c1da32f5873fea     
adv.多产地,丰富地
参考例句:
  • He wrote prolifically both in Ireland and England, nearly constantly shuttling from one to the other. 他几乎不断穿梭于爱尔兰和英国之间,并在两地写出大量作品。 来自互联网
  • He had directed his first film in 1923 and had worked prolifically throughout the silent era. 1923年,沟口健二执导了他的处女作,在之后的整个默片时代里,他创作了大量作品。 来自互联网
5 banking aySz20     
n.银行业,银行学,金融业
参考例句:
  • John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
  • He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
6 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
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