Detractor = critic (detractor n.诽谤者, 恶意批评者)
detrimental——harmful
devoid=EMPTY
devoted¹ to——dependent on/concentrated on/related to
发明和entrepreneurial risks were devoted to the..... which has no certain profit.
dichotomy---- division          dichotomy名词，意为：一分为二
diffuse——travel
diffusion² (笔试：diffuse = travel) (diffusion n传播，流传;扩散，弥漫)

Disappear -- Vanish, fade, to stop existing
dispute——argument
disruptured
distinguish = notice from the difference
distinct-different(文中找）
distinctive
Distribute = spread
disturb—upset
diversity——varied 
Dominate Rule, control, govern
Drab---- dull 
Dwindle³ = decrease
durable=lasting

E
earnest (adj.认真的, 热心的, 重要的n.真挚, 定金, 认真, 热心)
ease (n.安逸, 安心, 不费力, 悠闲 vt.使悠闲, 使安心, 减轻, 放松 vi.减弱, 减轻, 放松, 灵活地移动)
elaborate adj.精心制作的, 详细阐述的, 精细 vt.精心制作, 详细阐述 v.详细描述
embedded——encased (embedded adj.植入的, 深入的, 内含的)
emerge--appear
emphasize ---选项是PRESS/CRITIC?
employ=use
Emit --- Release, Send out, discharge
enable-permit
enclosure——surrounding
ENCOMPASS-----INCLUDE
endangered ( 将要绝种的) = abundant（反义词，句中选）
engage = involve
endue---follow
enhance ——improve or enlarge
enormous——凶暴的，巨大的
Enrich = enhance 选项里有 enhance/conceal/enlarge
(Enrich vt.使富足, 使肥沃, 装饰, 加料于, 浓缩)
entail⁴----involve entail: vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担, 遗传给
enter--go into
entire (adj.全部的, 完整的, 整个)
environment = ecosystem⁵
era——period
Erratic⁶ (不稳定的，古怪的) = irregular
essentially⁷ adv.本质上, 本来
Established
establishment——formation (establishment n.确立, 制定, 设施, 公司, 军事组织)
( formation n.形成, 构成, 编队)

etch = cut
exacerbate=intensify ----2月高频
exceeded = surpassed
exceedingly – extremely (exceedingly adv.非常地, 极度地)
exert——cause (exert vt.尽(力), 施加(压力等), 努力v.发挥, 竭尽全力, 尽)
execrate

exhibit (n. v. 展示，陈列)= feature (展出、公开 = emphasize， display, publicize, ) （句中选）
Expanse (笔试：expand = increase)
expanse (n.宽阔的区域, 宽阔, 苍天, 膨胀扩张)(此题我考到过,是考区域之义)
expendable——unprofitable (expendable n.消耗品, 可牺牲的,可花费的,可消耗的,不值得保存的)
expertise---skill  (是从段子里找)
exploit-我好像错了，我选的relocate,好像应该是use.--高频应是 use
explored (explore v.探险, 探测, 探究)
expose to——subject to (expose...to 使...受到, 使...朝向...; 使...接触...)
(subject to在...条件下; 常遭...; 易受...的侵袭; 受控制; 服从...的指挥)
express = communicate
expressed——communicated (A. Communicated, B. increased).
特地查了一下，express有rapid的意思，expressly却没有
(some concerns about forest are expressed till early 1900.
expressly 1) specially⁸ (2) rapidly,我也不知道是哪个，我选了specially
(expressly 的语境是 the few percentage of the ice expressly was made for carve ice)
(expressly adv.明白地, 清楚地; 确切地, 明显地；特(意)地; 专门地)
exotic –rare
extensive
extensive=far-reaching
Extraneous ( 无关紧要的，外来的，inessential, from outside)

? = extreme
even——already 恰好，正当 在But, even by the end of时间...,.....
Evenly = equally (evenly adv.均匀地, 平坦地 )
Eventually=Ultimately
evoke=stimulate
F
fast (go without food) (not sure !!!, donot affect you adversely)
favorable=popular
feature = characterize finding (n.发现, 发现物, 决定, [律]裁决)
feeble=weak
Fix=attach

Flair⁹ 天赋, 敏锐的洞察力 flourishing——thriving
flavor
flocking
flourishing - prosperous
Formerly == In the past
former = previous
for instance=for example
forage==feed
fragment——break up
fragmentary=incomplete
fringe=border

G
game——animals
gap(笔试：gap 缺口 ， 裂口 = opening)
Generate 产生, 发生=
giant---dwarf
Gigantic-huge 
Given = particular 居然有special/particular两个选项,答案是particular, sure.
(given: adj.赠予的, 沉溺的, 特定的, 假设的)
gleaming=shining
graciousness

H
hamper——make difficulty
hamstrung
harsh =drastic
harness = utilize
hasten-accelerate
haul (拖拉, 拖运 )= pull
hazard=danger / risk