《托福高阶词汇》LIST15a_托福考试

《托福高阶词汇》LIST15a

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-10-25 07:59 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

principal adj.主要的

同chief, foremost, prime, main, leading

The principal aim of this plan is to find a way to help students improve their study habits.

这项计划的主要目标是找出一种帮助学生改善读书习惯的方法。

quibble n.遁辞

同evasion¹, equivocation², sophism³

David has a quibble with my idea of buying new computers for the office.对我提出为办公室购买新电脑一事，戴维避而不答。

rampant⁴ adj.蔓延的；猖獗的；猛烈的

同widespread, rife⁵, uncontrollable, excessive

You cannot allow children to rampant through the museum.

你不能任由小孩子在博物馆里乱跑。

reluctant adj.不情愿的

同unwilling⁶, loath⁷, averse⁸, hesitant

Bert was reluctant to tell his mother the washing machine was broken again.伯特不愿告诉母亲洗衣机又坏了。

retreat v.撤退

同withdraw, recede⁹, draw back

The soldiers retreated back to their camp in the hills.

士兵们撤回到山上的营地中。

sanction n.①批准②制裁

同1.confirmation¹⁰, permission 2.boycott¹¹, penalty

The city government gave its sanction to the library to build a new wing.市政府批准图书馆兴建新的分馆。

setback¹² n.挫折；后退

同backslide, defeat

Our building plans suffered a setback when a strong typhoon destroyed our building site.

强劲的台风摧毁了工地，使我们兴建大楼的计划停滞。

smear¹³ v.涂脏；中伤

同stain, besmirch¹⁴, smudge

The children playing outside had smeared¹⁵ mud all over their clothes, faces and hands.

孩子们在屋外玩耍，用泥巴把衣服、脸和手都弄得脏兮兮的。

spur v.刺激

同incite¹⁶, arouse, instigate¹⁷, stir up

Her coach's encouragement helped spur Heather to run faster and win the race.

教练的鼓励刺激了希瑟，使她跑得更快并赢得了比赛。

stringent¹⁸ adj.严厉的

同strict, exacting¹⁹, severe, forceful, rigorous

The military is famous for its stringent regulations of dress and behavior.军队以其严格的着装要求和行为规范而著称

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收听单词发音

1 evasion
n.逃避，偷漏(税)
参考例句：
The movie star is in prison for tax evasion.那位影星因为逃税而坐牢。 The act was passed as a safeguard against tax evasion.这项法案旨在防止逃税行为。

2 equivocation
n.模棱两可的话，含糊话
参考例句：
These actions must be condemned without equivocation. 对这些行为必须毫不含糊地予以谴责。来自辞典例句 With caution, and with some equivocation, Bohr took a further step. 玻尔谨慎地而又有些含糊其词地采取了更深入的步骤。来自辞典例句

3 sophism
n.诡辩
参考例句：
Have done with your foolish sophism.结束你那愚蠢的诡辩。 I wasn't taken in by his sophism.我没有被他的诡辩骗倒。

4 rampant
adj.(植物)蔓生的；狂暴的，无约束的
参考例句：
Sickness was rampant in the area.该地区疾病蔓延。 You cannot allow children to rampant through the museum.你不能任由小孩子在博物馆里乱跑。

5 rife
adj.(指坏事情)充斥的，流行的，普遍的
参考例句：
Disease is rife in the area.疾病在这一区很流行。 Corruption was rife before the election.选举之前腐败盛行。

6 unwilling
adj.不情愿的
参考例句：
The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。 His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。

7 loath
adj.不愿意的；勉强的
参考例句：
The little girl was loath to leave her mother.那小女孩不愿离开她的母亲。 They react on this one problem very slow and very loath.他们在这一问题上反应很慢，很不情愿。

8 averse
adj.厌恶的；反对的，不乐意的
参考例句：
I don't smoke cigarettes,but I'm not averse to the occasional cigar.我不吸烟，但我不反对偶尔抽一支雪茄。 We are averse to such noisy surroundings.我们不喜欢这么吵闹的环境。

9 recede
vi.退(去)，渐渐远去；向后倾斜，缩进
参考例句：
The colleges would recede in importance.大学的重要性会降低。 He saw that the dirty water had begun to recede.他发现那污浊的水开始往下退了。

10 confirmation
n.证实，确认，批准
参考例句：
We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。 We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

11 boycott
n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与
参考例句：
We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。 The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

12 setback
n.退步，挫折，挫败
参考例句：
Since that time there has never been any setback in his career.从那时起他在事业上一直没有遇到周折。 She views every minor setback as a disaster.她把每个较小的挫折都看成重大灾难。

13 smear
v.涂抹；诽谤，玷污；n.污点；诽谤，污蔑
参考例句：
He has been spreading false stories in an attempt to smear us.他一直在散布谎言企图诽谤我们。 There's a smear on your shirt.你衬衫上有个污点。

14 besmirch
v.污，糟蹋
参考例句：
He has accused local people of trying to besmirch his reputation.他指责当地人企图败坏他的名声。 The scandalous remarks in the newspaper besmirch the reputations of every member of the society.报刊上那些恶意中伤的报道败坏了该社团全体成员的名声。

15 smeared
弄脏；玷污；涂抹；擦上
参考例句：
The children had smeared mud on the walls. 那几个孩子往墙上抹了泥巴。 A few words were smeared. 有写字被涂模糊了。

16 incite
v.引起，激动，煽动
参考例句：
I wanted to point out he was a very good speaker, and could incite a crowd.我想说明他曾是一个非常出色的演讲家，非常会调动群众的情绪。 Just a few words will incite him into action.他只需几句话一将，就会干。

17 instigate
v.教唆，怂恿，煽动
参考例句：
His object was to instigate a little rebellion on the part of the bishop.他的目的是，在主教方面煽起一场小小的造反。 It would not prove worthwhile to instigate a nuclear attack.挑起核攻击最终是不值得的。

18 stringent
adj.严厉的；令人信服的；银根紧的
参考例句：
Financiers are calling for a relaxation of these stringent measures.金融家呼吁对这些严厉的措施予以放宽。 Some of the conditions in the contract are too stringent.合同中有几项条件太苛刻。

19 exacting
adj.苛求的，要求严格的
参考例句：
He must remember the letters and symbols with exacting precision.他必须以严格的精度记住每个字母和符号。 The public has been more exacting in its demands as time has passed.随着时间的推移，公众的要求更趋严格。

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