beam—— A ray or shaft¹ of light光柱，光束=ray
    be characterized by——distinguish
    barren—— Lacking vegetation， especially useful vegetation不毛的=infertile
    balmy—— Mild and pleasant温和的=mild
    comprise—— To consist of； be composed of由…构成=consist of ，make up
    conception—— Something conceived in the mind； a concept， plan， design， idea， or thought概念、计划、设计或思想=notion A mental image or representation； an idea or conception心理形象或象征；想法或构思
    composed of ——To create or produce （a literary or musical piece）创作或制作=create
    component—— A constituent² element， as of a system组成要素=element， part
    comparable—— Similar or equivalent相似或相当=similar
    compile—— To put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources汇编=put together
    community—— Society as a whole； the public作为整体的社会；大众。Asgroupsof plants and animals living and interacting with one another in a specific region under relatively³ similar environmental conditions共生动物群的一群植物和动物=settlement， society
    commodity—— Something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage商品=goods
    coincide—— To happen at the same time or during the same period同时发生=occur at the same time
    cohesion—— The act， process， or condition of cohering结合=unity The combination or arrangement of partssintosa whole； unification统一
    cluster—— To gather or growsintosbunches丛生=concentrate
    classify—— To arrange or organize according to class or category分类=categorize
    cling to —— v.依附，依靠，坚持=stick to
    cite —— To mention or bring forward as support， illustration， or proof引证把…作为支持、说明或证明而提及或提出=mention
    check ——monitor To check the quality or content of （an electronic audio or visual signal） by means of a receiver监听，收听；To check by means of an electronic receiver for significant content， such as military， political， or illegal activity窃听
    celestial—— Of or relating to the sky or the heavens天空的=astronomical
    cease—— To put an end to； discontinue使…停止；中止=stop
    capability—— The quality of being capable； ability能力=ability
    cumbersome⁴ —— Troublesome or onerous麻烦的=burdensome
    crisscross—— To move back and forth⁵ through or over交叉移动move back and forth
    crawl—— To move slowly on the hands and knees or by dragging the body along the ground； creep爬行=creep
    counterpart—— A copy or duplicate of a legal paper复制品=version An adaptation of a work of art or literaturesintosanother medium or style版本
    counteract—— To oppose and mitigate⁶ the effects of by contrary action； check抵制，抵消=negate
    core —— The basic or most important part； the essence核心，本质=center
    conventional—— Conforming to established practice or accepted standards； traditional传统的=traditional
    contribute to —— v.捐献=donate To present as a gift to a fund or cause； contribute捐赠
    consumption——The act or process of consuming消耗=eating
    constrain——To keep within close bounds； confine限制=bound To set a limit to； confine限制
    constitute——To found （an institution， for example）创建=make up
    constituent——Serving as part of a whole； component组成的=component
    constantly——Continually occurring； persistently持续的=continuously
    conspicuous——Attracting attention， as by being unusual or remarkable⁷； noticeable值得注意的=noticeable
    consort⁸ with ——v.陪伴=associate To keep company陪伴
    conserve——To protect from loss or harm； preserve保存，保护=retain vt.留住；保住
    consequence——Something that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition结果=result
    conjecture——A statement， an opinion， or a conclusion based on guesswork猜想=based on guessing
    congestion——To be overfilled or overcrowded堵塞=overcrowded， crowded
    conflicting——To be opposing； different对立的，不同的=opposing， contrary
    confront——To come face to face with， especially with defiance⁹ or hostility面对与…面对面的=face To confront with complete awareness面对
    confine to ——To keep within bounds； restrict限制=limit， cramp¹⁰ Restrict； narrow受限制
    confederacy——A union of persons， parties， or states； a league联盟=ally One that is allied¹¹ with another， especially by treaty同盟者
    conceal——To keep from being seen， found， observed， or discovered； hide隐藏=hide
    dramatically——Arresting or forceful in appearance or effect引人注目的=striking
    durable——Lasting； stable持久的；稳定的=lasting
    domains——[计]域=fields
    domestic——Tame or domesticated¹². Used of animals驯养的=tame
    dominate——To enjoy a commanding， controlling position in占支配地位=be prevalent in
    divergence——Difference， as of opinion意见分歧difference
    diverse——Made up of distinct characteristics， qualities， or elements多种多样的=various
    dogma——An authoritative principle， belief， or statement of ideas or opinion， especially one considered to be absolutely true信条=belief
    distinction——The condition or fact of being dissimilar or distinct； difference差别=difference

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