“物证”不是“material evidence”
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-04-02 03:27 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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证据有人证与物证之分。“物证”,顾名思义大概是“物质的证据”吧。于是就有人望文生义,把“物证”译为“material(物质的)evidence(证据)”了。

  但是,从语言实践看,“物证”并不是什么“material evidence”而是“physical evidence”:

  1.On the other hand,police have never Or any physical evidence connecting him to confessed to——and later recanted.

  ——-Master Detective,found a body the crimes he

  2. The crime scene team located the knife used in the slaying1 along With some Of Holland,s bloody2 clothing and other physical evidence.

  —True Detective,May 1989,p.31

  如果不用“physical evidence”,也可用“real evidence”表示“物证”如:

  3.evidence,real.Known also as“demonstrative”and“objective”evidence.That which is afforded by production and inspection3 of material objects.

  ——L.B.Borazon,Dictionary of Law

  4.Evidence.…。

  The kinds of evidence usually produced are physical objects(real evidence),written statements and documents(documentary evidence),testimony4 of the parties (personal evidence),and testimony of expert witnesses on the conclusions or inferences to be drawn5 from facts found by measurement,testing or other examination(expert or opinion evidence)。

  ——The Oxford6 Companion to Law

    那末,“material evidence”不是“物证”又是什么呢?请看:

  5.material evidence 实质性证据,物证,对审理的事实有影响的证据——《英汉法律词典》其中的“物证”一解,显然是对“material”一词望文生义而误解其实质涵义的结果 ——在这里,“material”并非什么“物质”!那么这个“material”在法律文字中的实质涵义又是什么呢?请看:

  6.MATERIAL important,necessary;Relating to a given matter;generally speaking,any evidence is relevant and material which tends to prove or disprove any ultimate issue.……

  一Steven H.Gifts,Law Dictionary

  据此,上引例5中的“物证”一义就被否定了而其中的其他两义则被肯定了。这(指上引例6)可不是孤证,因为下列两例还将进一步作出同样的肯定和否定:

  7.Material evidence实质上的证据:主要证据——香港洪士豪:《英汉法律辞典新编》material evidence实质性证据——《英汉国际经济法律词汇》(中国对外翻译出版公司)

  综上所引,不难看出:“物证”在英语习惯中尚未见有作“material evidence”的。“物证”在英语中常见的表达为“physical evidence”和“real evidence”以及“demonstrative evidence”和“objective evidence”;偶尔也有用“autistics preference”的,但殊属罕见



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1 slaying 4ce8e7b4134fbeb566658660b6a9b0a9     
杀戮。
参考例句:
  • The man mimed the slaying of an enemy. 此人比手划脚地表演砍死一个敌人的情况。
  • He is suspected of having been an accomplice in the slaying,butthey can't pin it on him. 他有嫌疑曾参与该杀人案,但他们找不到证据来指控他。
2 bloody kWHza     
adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染
参考例句:
  • He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
  • He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。
3 inspection y6TxG     
n.检查,审查,检阅
参考例句:
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
  • The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
4 testimony zpbwO     
n.证词;见证,证明
参考例句:
  • The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
  • He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。
5 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
6 Oxford Wmmz0a     
n.牛津(英国城市)
参考例句:
  • At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
  • This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。
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