现公布《专职守护押运人员枪支使用管理条例》，自公布之日起施行。

总理　朱镕基
二00二年七月二十七日

专职守护押运人员枪支使用管理条例

　　第一条 为了加强对守护、押运公务用枪的管理，保障专职守护、押运人员正确使用枪支，根据《中华人民共和国枪支管理法》（以下简称枪支管理法），并参照《中华人民共和国人民警察使用警械和武器条例》，制定本条例。

　　第二条 本条例所称专职守护、押运人员，是指依法配备公务用枪的军工、金融、国家重要仓储、大型水利、电力、通讯工程、机要交通系统的专职守护、押运人员以及经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府公安机关批准从事武装守护、押运服务的保安服务公司的专职守护、押运人员。

　　第三条 配备公务用枪的专职守护、押运人员必须符合下列条件：

　　（一）年满20周岁的中国公民，身心健康，品行良好；

　　（二）没有精神病等不能控制自己行为能力的疾病病史；

　　（三）没有行政拘留、收容教育、强制戒毒、收容教养、劳动教养和刑事处罚记录；

　　（四）经过专业培训，熟悉有关枪支使用、管理法律法规和规章的规定；

　　（五）熟练掌握枪支使用、保养技能。

　　配备公务用枪的专职守护、押运人员，必须严格依照前款规定的条件，由所在单位审查后，报所在地设区的市级人民政府公安机关审查、考核；审查、考核合格的，依照枪支管理法的规定，报省、自治区、直辖市人民政府公安机关审查批准，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府公安机关发给持枪证件。

　　第四条 专职守护、押运人员执行守护、押运任务时，方可依照本条例的规定携带、使用枪支。

　　专职守护、押运人员依法携带、使用枪支的行为，受法律保护；违法携带、使用枪支的，依法承担法律责任。

　　第五条 专职守护、押运人员执行守护、押运任务时，能够以其他手段保护守护目标、押运物品安全的，不得使用枪支；确有必要使用枪支的，应当以保护守护目标、押运物品不被侵害为目的，并尽量避免或者减少人员伤亡、财产损失。

　　第六条 专职守护、押运人员执行守护、押运任务时，遇有下列紧急情形之一，不使用枪支不足以制止暴力犯罪行为的，可以使用枪支：

　　（一）守护目标、押运物品受到暴力袭击或者有受到暴力袭击的紧迫危险的；

　　（二）专职守护、押运人员受到暴力袭击危及生命安全或者所携带的枪支弹药受到抢夺、抢劫的。

　　第七条 专职守护、押运人员在存放大量易燃、易爆、剧毒、放射性等危险物品的场所，不得使用枪支；但是，不使用枪支制止犯罪行为将会直接导致严重危害后果发生的除外。

　　第八条 专职守护、押运人员遇有下列情形之一的，应当立即停止使用枪支：

　　（一）有关行为人停止实施暴力犯罪行为的；

　　（二）有关行为人失去继续实施暴力犯罪行为能力的。

　　第九条 专职守护、押运人员使用枪支后，应当立即向所在单位和案发地公安机关报告；所在单位和案发地公安机关接到报告后，应当立即派人抵达现场。

　　专职守护、押运人员的所在单位接到专职守护、押运人员使用枪支的报告后，应当立即报告所在地公安机关，并在事后向所在地公安机关报送枪支使用情况的书面报告。

　　第十条 依法配备守护、押运公务用枪的单位，应当建立、健全持枪人员管理责任制度，枪支弹药保管、领用制度和枪支安全责任制度；对依照本条例第三条的规定批准的持枪人员加强法制和安全教育，定期组织培训，经常检查枪支的保管和使用情况。

　　第十一条 依法配备守护、押运公务用枪的单位应当设立专门的枪支保管库（室）或者使用专用保险柜，将配备的枪支、弹药集中统一保管。枪支与弹药必须分开存放，实行双人双锁，并且24小时有人值班。存放枪支、弹药的库（室）门窗必须坚固并安装防盗报警设施。

　　第十二条 专职守护、押运人员执行任务携带枪支、弹药，必须妥善保管，严防丢失、被盗、被抢或者发生其他事故；任务执行完毕，必须立即将枪支、弹药交还。

　　严禁非执行守护、押运任务时携带枪支、弹药，严禁携带枪支、弹药饮酒或者酒后携带枪支、弹药。

　　第十三条 公安机关应当对其管辖范围内依法配备守护、押运公务用枪的单位建立、执行枪支管理制度的情况，定期进行检查、监督。

　　第十四条 专职守护、押运人员有下列情形之一的，所在单位应当停止其执行武装守护、押运任务，收回其持枪证件，并及时将持枪证件上缴公安机关：

　　（一）拟调离专职守护、押运工作岗位的；

　　（二）理论和实弹射击考核不合格的；

　　（三）因刑事案件或者其他违法违纪案件被立案侦查、调查的；

　　（四）擅自改动枪支、更换枪支零部件的；

　　（五）违反规定携带、使用枪支或者将枪支交给他人，对枪支失去控制的；

　　（六）丢失枪支或者在枪支被盗、被抢事故中负有责任的。

　　专职守护、押运人员有前款第（四）项、第（五）项、第（六）项行为，造成严重后果的，依照刑法关于非法持有私藏枪支弹药罪、非法携带枪支弹药危及公共安全罪、非法出租出借枪支罪或者丢失枪支不报罪的规定，依法追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，依照枪支管理法的规定，给予行政处罚。

　　第十五条 依法配备守护、押运公务用枪的单位违反枪支管理规定，有下列情形之一的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予记大过、降级或者撤职的行政处分或者相应的纪律处分；造成严重后果的，依照刑法关于玩忽职守罪、滥用职权罪、丢失枪支不报罪或者其他罪的规定，依法追究刑事责任：

　　（一）未建立或者未能有效执行持枪人员管理责任制度的；

　　（二）将不符合法定条件的专职守护、押运人员报送公安机关审批或者允许没有持枪证件的人员携带、使用枪支的；

　　（三）使用枪支后，不报告公安机关的；

　　（四）未建立或者未能有效执行枪支、弹药管理制度，造成枪支、弹药被盗、被抢或者丢失的；

　　（五）枪支、弹药被盗、被抢或者丢失，未及时报告公安机关的；

　　（六）不按照规定审验枪支的；

　　（七）不上缴报废枪支的；

　　（八）发生其他涉枪违法违纪案件的。

　　第十六条 专职守护、押运人员依照本条例的规定使用枪支，造成无辜人员伤亡或者财产损失的，由其所在单位依法补偿受害人的损失。

　　专职守护、押运人员违反本条例的规定使用枪支，造成人员伤亡或者财产损失的，除依法受到刑事处罚或者行政处罚外，还应当依法承担赔偿责任。

　　第十七条 公安机关有下列行为之一，造成严重后果的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依照刑法关于滥用职权罪、玩忽职守罪的规定，依法追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，依法给予记大过、降级或者撤职的行政处分：

　　（一）超出法定范围批准有关单位配备守护、押运公务用枪的；

　　（二）为不符合法定条件的人员发放守护、押运公务用枪持枪证件的；

　　（三）不履行本条例规定的监督管理职责，造成后果的。

　　第十八条 本条例自公布之日起施行。

Regulations on Administration of Use of Guns by Full-time¹ Guards and Escorts
Promulgated by Decree No. 356 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on July 27, 2002, and effective as of the date of promulgation²）

　　Article 1These Regulations are formulated³ in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Control of Guns （hereinafter referred to as the Law on Control of Guns） and by reference to the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Use of Police Implements⁵ and Arms by the People's Police for the purposes of strengthening the control of guns used for discharging official duties of guards and escorts and ensuring the correct use of guns by full-time guards and escorts.

　　Article 2The full-time guards and escorts referred to in these Regulations mean the full-time guards and escorts who are lawfully⁶ equipped with guns used for discharging official duties in the systems of military industry, financial industry, important State's warehouses⁷, large water conservancy projects, large electric power projects, large communications projects and confidential⁸ liaison⁹, and the full-time guards and escorts in security service companies which provide armed guard and escort services upon approval by the public security organs of the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous¹⁰ regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 3A full-time guard or escort equipped with a gun for discharging official duties shall meet the following requirements:

　　（1） Chinese citizen having reached the age of 20, sound in mind and body, and well-behaved;

　　（2） having no medical records of suffering from such diseases as mental disorder¹¹ which make him unable to control his own conduct;

　　（3） having no records of administrative¹² detention¹³, sheltering and education, giving up drug-taking compulsorily¹⁴, sheltering and reeducation, reeducation through labour and criminal penalties;（enforced abstention from drug/ detoxification）

　　（4） having received professional training and being familiar with the provisions of the laws, regulations and rules concerning the use and control of guns;

　　（5） having acquired proficiency¹⁵ in the use and maintenance of guns.

　　Full-time guards and escorts equipped with guns used for discharging official duties shall, in strict accordance with the requirements set forth¹⁶ in the preceding paragraph, be examined by the units to which they belong and then be reported to the public security organs of the people's governments of the cities divided into districts where these units are located for examination and verification; those qualified¹⁷ in the examination and verification shall be reported to the public security organs of the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government for examination and approval in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Control of Guns, and gun-holding certificates shall be issued by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 4Only when performing the task of guard or escort, may full-time guards and escorts carry and use guns in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.

　　Carrying and using of guns according to law by full-time guards and escorts are protected by law; those who carry and use guns in violation¹⁸ of law shall bear legal liabilities according to law.

　　Article 5When performing the task of guard or escort, full-time guards and escorts may not use guns if other means can be employed to protect the guarded objectives or escorted goods; where it is necessary indeed to use guns, the protection of guarded objectives or escorted goods against any encroachment¹⁹ shall be taken as the end, and casualties and property losses shall be avoided or reduced to the extent possible.

　　Article 6When performing the task of guard or escort, full-time guards and escorts may use guns under any of the following emergencies where violent criminal acts cannot be prevented without using guns:

　　（1） guarded objectives or escorted goods are being assaulted by violence or are in imminent²⁰ danger of being assaulted by violence;

　　（2） full-time guards and escorts are being assaulted by violence and their lives are in danger, or the guns and ammunition²¹ they carry are being seized or robbed.

　　Article 7Full-time guards and escorts shall not use guns at a place stored with a large number of combustibles, explosives, deadly poisons, radioactive goods or other hazardous²² goods, unless no use of guns to prevent a criminal act might lead to serious dangerous consequences.

　　Article 8Full-time guards and escorts shall immediately stop using guns under any of the following circumstances:

　　（1） the actor in question has stopped committing the violent criminal act;

　　（2） the actor in question has lost the ability to continue committing the violent criminal act.

　　Article 9A full-time guard or escort shall, upon any use of gun, forthwith make a report thereon to the unit to which he belongs and to the public security organ in the place where the crime is committed; that unit and public security organ shall, upon receipt of the report, forthwith send staff to the scene.

　　The unit to which the full-time guard or escort belongs shall, after receiving the report of the use of guns by the full-time guard or escort, forthwith report the issue to the public security organ in the place where it is located, and submit a written report to that public security organ on the use of guns afterwards.

　　Article 10A unit lawfully equipped with guns used for discharging the official duties of guards and escorts shall establish and improve the responsibility system of gun-holder administration, the system of storing and taking out guns and ammunition and the safety responsibility system of guns; the unit shall strengthen legal and safety education of the gun-holders approved in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 of these Regulations, organize regular training of them, and often inspect the storage and use of guns.

　　Article 11A unit lawfully equipped with guns used for discharging the official duties of guards and escorts shall set up special gun storage warehouses （rooms） or use special safes, and conduct a concentrated and unified²⁴ preservation²⁵ for guns and ammunition equipped. Guns and ammunition shall be deposited separately, attended to by double persons with double locks, and kept watch and ward²³ within twenty-four hours. The warehouses （rooms） for depositing guns and ammunition shall have solid doors and windows and be installed with burglar alarm facilities.

　　Article 12When performing any task with guns and ammunition, full-time guards or escorts shall properly keep the guns and ammunition, take strict precautions against loss, theft, seizure²⁶ and other accidents, and forthwith return the guns and ammunition upon completion of the task.

　　It is prohibited to carry guns and ammunition while not performing the task of guard or escort and it is also prohibited to drink liquor while carrying guns and ammunition or to carry guns and ammunition after drinking liquor.

　　Article 13Public security organs shall regularly inspect and supervise the situations of establishing and implementing²⁷ the rules on control of guns by the units under their jurisdiction²⁸ which are lawfully equipped with guns used for discharging the official duties of guards and escorts.

　　Article 14Where a full-time guard or escort comes under any of the following circumstances, his unit shall stop him from performing the task of armed guard or escort, take back his gun-holding certificate, and turn over such certificate to the public security organ promptly²⁹:

　　（1） he is to be transferred from the post of a full-time guard or escort;

　　（2） he fails to pass the examination on theory and firing practice;

　　（3） he is under investigation³⁰ because of being involved in criminal cases or other law-breaking or discipline-breaking cases;

　　（4） he refits the gun or changes the parts of the gun without authorization³¹;

　　（5） he carries or uses the gun in violation of provisions, or gives the gun to other people thus losing control over the gun;

　　（6） he loses the gun or is responsible for the accident in which the gun is stolen or seized.

　　Where a full-time guard or escort commits any act specified³² in item （4）, （5） or （6） of the preceding paragraph, thereby³³ causing serious consequences, he shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of the criminal law on the crime of illegally possessing or hiding guns or ammunition, the crime of illegally carrying guns and ammunition to endanger public security, the crime of illegally leasing or lending out guns or the crime of failing to report the loss of guns; if the case is not serious enough for criminal penalty, he shall be given administrative punishment in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Control of Guns.

　　Article 15Where a unit lawfully equipped with guns used for discharging the official duties of guards and escorts violates the provisions on control of guns, the persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for the violation shall, under any of the following circumstances, be given such administrative sanctions as the recording³⁴ of a major demerit, demotion or dismissal from office, or given appropriate disciplinary sanctions according to law; where serious consequences are caused, they shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of the criminal law on the crime of neglect of duties, the crime of power abuse, the crime of failing to report the loss of guns or other crimes:

　　（1） it fails to establish or effectively implement⁴ the responsibility system of gun-holder administration;

　　（2） it reports full-time guards or escorts who do not meet statutory requirements to public security organs for approval or allows persons without gun-holding certificate;

　　（3） it fails to make a report to the public security organ after using guns;

　　（4） it fails to establish or effectively implement the systems for the control of guns and ammunition, thereby the guns and ammunition are stolen, seized or lost;

　　（5） it fails to make a prompt report to the public security organ where the guns and ammunition are stolen, seized or lost;

　　（6） it fails to examine and inspect the guns in accordance with the provisions;

　　（7） it fails to turn in scrapped³⁵ guns;

　　（8） it is involved in other law-breaking or discipline-breaking cases relating to guns.

　　Article 16Where full-time guards and escorts use guns in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations and cause casualties of innocents or property losses, the units to which they belong shall compensate³⁶ the losses suffered by the victims according to law.

　　Where full-time guards and escorts use guns in violation of the provisions of these Regulations and cause casualties or property losses, they shall be liable for compensation in accordance with the law in addition to the criminal or administrative punishments therefor according to law.

　　Article 17Where a public security organ commits any of the following acts and causes serious consequences, the persons directly in charges and other persons directly responsible for the violation shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of the criminal law on the crime of power abuse or the crime of neglect of duty; if the case is not serious enough for criminal penalty, they shall be given such administrative sanctions as the recording of a major demerit, demotion or dismissal from office according to law:

　　（1） it approves relevant units to be equipped with guns used for discharging official duties of guards and escorts beyond the statutory scope;

　　（2） it issues gun-holding certificates used for discharging official duties of guards and escorts to those who do not meet statutory requirements;

　　（3） it fails to perform the duty of supervision³⁷ and administration provided for by these Regulations, and thereby causes consequences.

　　Article 18These Regulations shall be effective as of the date of promulgation.

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