国务院关于《外商投资产业指导目录》的批复
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
 

国函(1997)117号
(Approved by the State Council on December 29, 1997, and revised and promulgated1 by the State Planning Commission, the State Economy and Trade Commission and the Ministry2 of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation on December 31, 1997)
颁布日期:19971229  实施日期:19971229  颁布单位:国务院

  Catalogue for the Encouragement of Foreign Investment Industries

  I. Agriculture, Forestry3, Husbandry, Fishery and Related Industries

  1. Cultivation4 and development of wasteland, waste mountain, flood land (except those with military facilities), as well as improvement of median- and low-yield field

  2. Development of fine high-yielding and new varieties and technology for crops such as sugar crops, fruit trees, vegetables, flowers and plants, forage6 grass

  3. Serial7 production of soilless cultivation of vegetables, flowers and plants

  4. Planting of forest trees and introduction of fine seeds of forest trees

  5. Breeding of good strains of domestic animals and aquatic8 fingerlings (not including the good strains of the rare ones of our country)

  6. Cultivation of famous aquatic products

  7. New varieties of effective and safe agricultural chemicals and pesticides9 (80 percent and over death rate, safe to people, animals and crops)

  8. High-density fertilizers (potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer)

  9. New technology for the production of agricultural films, and development of new products (fibre film, photoplays is film, multifunctional film an draw materials)

  10. Antibacterial raw medicines for animals (including antibiotics10 and chemical compound medicines)

  11. New products and preparations of an tiscolic, insecticide and anticoddios is medicine for animals

  12. Development of feed additives11 and feed protein resources

  13. New technology and equipment for the storage, preservation12, desiccation, and processing of foodgrains, vegetables, fruits, meat products, and aquatic products

  14. Forestry chemicals and new technology and products for the comprehensive utilization13 of "sub-quality, small and firewood" lumber14 and bamboo in the forest area

  15. Construction and management of comprehensive utilization of irrigation works (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  16. New water-saving irrigation technology and equipment manufacture

  17. New farm implements15 technology and equipment manufacture

  18. Ecological16 and environmental treatment and control and construction projects

  II. Light Industry

  1. Design, processing, and manufacture of moulds for non-metal products

  2. Paper pulp17 (with an annual production of 170,000 tons and over wood pulp, and having corresponding raw materials bases)

  3. Post ornament18 and processing of leather as well as its new technology and equipment manufacture

  4. Production of mercury less alkaline manganese storage battery and lithium-ion battery

  5. Production of high-tech19 involved special industrial sewing machine

  6. Production of ploy20 amide film

  7. Production of new high-efficiency enzyme21 preparations

  8. Production of synthetic22 spices and single icon23 spices

  9. Research and popularization of the applied24 technology of freon substitution

  10. Processing of dictate25 cellulose for cigarettes and collection of filaments27

  III. Textile Industry

  1. Wood pulp for textile chemical fibres (with an annual production of 100,000 tons and over and having corresponding raw materials bases)

  2. Special textiles for industry

  3. Printing and dyeing of high emulation28 chemical fibres and high-grade textile cloth and their post arrangement and processing

  4. Production of auxiliaries29, oils, dyes and chemicals for textile

  IV. Communication and Transportation as well as Post Telecommunications Industries

  1. Equipment and technology for railway transportation: the design and manufacture of locomotives and main parts, the design and manufacture of wiring and equipment, related technology and equipment manufacture for high-speed railway, manufacture of the equipment for communications signal and transportation safety monitoring, manufacture of electric railway equipment and instrument

  2. Construction and management of feeder railway, local railway, bridge, tunnel, and ferry facilities (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  3. Design and manufacture of new highway and port mechanical equipment

  4. Construction and management of city subway and light track (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  5. Construction and management of highway, independent bridge and tunnel

  6. Construction and management of port facilities for public wharfs31 (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  7. Construction and management of civil airport (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  8. Equipment manufacture for honey-comb mobile communications DCS/CDMA system

  9. Manufacture of transmission equipment for 2.5 GB/S and over optical synchronized32 and microwave synchronized digital series

  10. Manufacture of measuring instrument and meter for 2.5 GB/S optical communications, radio communications and data communications

  11. Manufacture of ATM switchboard equipment

  V. Coal Industry

  1. Design and manufacture of coal mining, transportation and washing equipment

  2. Coal mining and washing (for special and rare kinds of coal, the Chinese party will take the holding or leading position)

  3. Production of water coal pulp and liquefied coal

  4. Comprehensive development and utilization of coal

  5. Comprehensive development and utilization of low calorific value fuel and accompanying resources

  6. Coal pipeline33 transmission

  7. Coal rake gas exploration and exploitation

  VI. Power Industry

  1. Construction and management of thermal34 power station with generating unit capacity of 300,000 kilowatts36 and over

  2. Construction and management of hydropower station with power generation as its main function

  3. Construction and management of nuclear power station (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  4. Construction and management of clean coal burning technology power station

  5. Construction and management of new energy power station (including solar energy, wind energy, magnetic energy, earth heat energy, tide energy and bio-matter energy, etc.)

  VII. Ferrous Metallurgical Industry

  1. 50 tons and over super high power electric furnace process (with out-of-furnace refining and continuous casting) and 50 tons and over converting process

  2. Stainless38 steel smelting39

  3. Production of cold-rolled silicon40 steel plates

  4. Production of cold and hot-rolled stainless steel plates

  5. Petroleum41 steel pipe

  6. Scrap42 steel processing and disposal

  7. Iron and manganese mine concentration

  8. Production of direct reduction iron and melting reduction iron

  9. Mining of high-alumina bauxite43, hard clay ore and production of chamotte

  10. Deep processing of acicular coke, hard coke and coke oil

  11. Dry coke quenching44 production

  VIII. Non-Ferrous Metal Industry

  1. Production of mono crystalline silicon (with diameter 8 inches and over), multi crystalline silicon

  2. Production of hard alloy45, tin compound, antimony compound

  3. Production of non-ferrous compounds, new type alloys46

  4. Copper47, lead, zinc48 mine opening (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  5. Aluminum49 mine opening (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed) and alumina production with a capacity of 300,000 tons and over per year

  6. Rare earth application

  IX Petroleum, Petrochemical and Chemical Industries

  1. Production of ion film for caustic50 soda51

  2. Ethylene with an annual production of 600,000 tons and over (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  3. Polyvinyl chloride resin52 (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  4. Comprehensive utilization of C5C9 products that are by-products of ethylene

  5. Engineering plastics and plastic alloys

  6. Supporting raw materials for synthesized materials: biphenol-A, styrene-butadiene latex, pyridine, 4.4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate and methylbenzene diisocyanate

  7. Basic organic chemical raw materials: comprehensive utilization of the derived53 products of benzene, methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene (O-, M-, P-)

  8. Synthetic rubber: production of liquid styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, isoamyl rubber, ethyl rubber, butadiene neoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, chlorinated rubber

  9. Fine chemistry: new products and technology of dye (pigment), intermediate, catalytic agent, auxiliary54 and petroleum additives, processing technology for the commercialization of dye (pigment), high-tech chemicals for electronics and paper-making, production of food additives, feed additives, leather chemical products, oil well auxiliaries, surface active agent, water treatment agent, adhesive55, inorganic56 fibre, inorganic powder agent feeder

  10. Production of chloridized titanium dioxide

  11. Production of coal chemical products

  12. Comprehensive utilization of waste gases, waste liquids, waste slag57

  13. Production of purification agent, catalytic agent and other auxiliaries for automobile58 exhaust

  14. Development and application of new tertiary oil recovery technology for raising oil recovery ratio (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  15. Construction and management of oil and gas transmission pipelines59, as well as oil depot60 and oil wharf30 (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  X. Mechanical Industry

  1. Manufacture of high-performance welding robot and high-efficiency welding and assembling production line equipment 2. Production of high temperature resistant61 insulation62 material (with F, H insulation class) and insulation products

  3. Manufacture of equipment of the trolley63 car for mining, loading and transporting in the well, 100 tons or over mechanical power-driven dump truck for mining, mobile crusher, 3,000 cubic metre/hour or over bucket excavator, 5 cubic metres or over mining loader, total cross-section lane entry-drillingmachine

  4. Manufacture of web- and sheet-fed multi-colour off-set printing machine

  5. Manufacture of washing equipment for mechanical and electric wells and production of chemicals

  6. Manufacture of turbine compressor and combined powder machine for the complete set of equipment for an annual production of 300,000 tons and over synthetic amine, 480,000 tons and over urea, 300,000 tons and over ethylene (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  7. Manufacture of complete sets of equipment such as new knitting machine, new paper (including pulp) making machine

  8. Development and manufacture of delicate on-line measuring instrument

  9. New technology of safe production and environmental protection monitoring instrument as well as equipment manufacture

  10. New meter spare parts and material (mainly new switches and function material for meters such as intelligent sensors65, electrical adapters, flexible circuit plate, fibre switch, and proximity66 switch)

  11. Research, design and development centre for important basic machinery67, basic components68 and major technical equipment

  12. Proportional servohydraulic technology, low-power pneumatic control valve, and filling static sealing production

  13. Production of precision die, precision cavity mould, and mould standard parts

  14. Manufacture of 250,000 ton/day and over city sewage disposal equipment, industrial sewage film treatment equipment, up-flow anaerobic70 fluidized bed equipment and other biological sewage disposal equipment, slab71 making equipment of powder coal dust (50,000-100,000 ton/year), recycling equipment for waste plastics, equipment for desulphurization and denigration72 of industrial boiler73, large high-temperature resistant and acid resistant bag dust remover

  15. Manufacture of delicate bearings and special bearings for various kinds of main engines

  16. Manufacture of car-related key spare parts: complete brakes, complete drive rod, transmission, fuel pump of diesel74 engine, piston75 (including piston ring), valve, hydraulic69 tappet, carton shaft76, booster, filter (3 filter), even speed carton joint77, shock absorber, seat adjustment, car lock, back view mirror, glass lifter, compound meter, lights, bulb, high-strength special fastener

  17. Manufacture of car and motorcycle moulds (including strike mould, plastics filling mould, mould-pressing mould, etc.) and clippers (welding clipper, testing clipper, etc.)

  18. Manufacture of casting body for car and motorcycle

  19. Technology research centre and design and development centre for cars and motorcycles

  20. Production of special-purpose cars such as desert car for petroleum industry

  21. Manufacture of key spare parts for motorcycles: carburettor, magneto, starting motor, lights, and disk brake

  22. New technology and equipment manufacture for water quality on-line monitoring instrument

  23. Manufacture of special machinery and equipment for flood control and emergency rescue

  24. Manufacture of wetland earthmover and dredging machinery

  25. Manufacture of complete sets of 10 ton/h and over feed processing equipment, and production of their key spare parts

  26. Design and manufacture of new petroleum exploration and exploitation instrument and equipment

  XI. Electronics Industry

  1. Production of 0.35 micron wire width and below large integrated circuit

  2. Production of new electronic spare parts (including slice spare parts) and electric and electronic spare parts

  3. Production of optic-electro parts, sensitive spare parts and sensor64

  4. Manufacture of large- and medium-size electronic computer

  5. Production of compatible digital TV, HDTV, digital tape video recorder

  6. Development of special-purpose materials for semi-conductor and photo-electronics

  7. Manufacture of new displayer (plate displayer and screen)

  8. Manufacture of CAD, CAT, CAM, CAE and other computer application systems

  9. Manufacture of equipment, instrument and industrial mould for electronics

  10. Manufacture of hydrological data collection instrument and equipment

  11. Manufacture of satellite communications system equipment

  12. Manufacture of DCS equipment

  13. Manufacture of air traffic control equipment (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  14. Development and manufacture of high-capacity CD and magnetic disk memory and their parts

  15. Development and manufacture of new printing devices (lazer printer, etc.)

  16. Equipment manufacture for data communications multimedia78 system

  17. Production of mono mode optical fibre

  18. Equipment manufacture for access-to-the-network communications system

  19. New technology and manufacture of equipment supporting communications networks

  20. Manufacture of wide-band ISDN equipment

  XII. Building Materials and Equipment and Other Non-metal Mineral Product Industry

  1. High-quality floating glass production line with a daily melting capacity of 500 tons and over

  2. High-grade sanitation79 porcelain80 production line with an annual production of 500,000 pieces and over and production of its matching metal and plastic parts

  3. New building materials (walling materials, decoration and renovation81 materials, water-proof materials, in sulation materials)

  4. New dry-process cement production line with a daily production of 4,000 tons and over cement chamotte (restricted to production in the central and western regions of China)

  5. Bulk cement storage and transportation facilities

  6. Glass fibre (direct melting process production line) with an annual production of 10,000 tons and over and glass fibre reinforced plastic products

  7. Inorganic non-metal material and products (quartz glass, artificial crystal)

  8. High-grade refractory82 material for glass, porcelain or glass fibre furnaces and kilns83

  9. Technology for deep processing of plate glass as well as equipment manufacture

  10. Manufacture of tunnel drilling machine and city subway excavating84 equipment

  11. Manufacture of special equipment for city sanitation

  12. Manufacture of tree and plant removing and planting machinery and equipment

  13. Manufacture of road grader, tar5 finisher

  XIII. Medicine Industry

  1. Chemical medicines protected by the patent law or administratively85 protected by our country, medical intermediate which we have to import

  2. Production of antipyretic and analgesic86 medicines by adopting new technology and equipment

  3. Vitamins: nicotinic acid

  4. New anticarcinogen and new cardio-vascular and cerebrovascular medicines

  5. Medicines and pharmaceutics87: new preparations and products by adopting new technologies such as buffer88, control, target and skin-penetrating

  6. Amino acid: serine, tryptophan, histidine, etc.

  7. New packing material and container for medicine and advanced pharmaceutical89 equipment

  8. New, effective and economical contraceptive medicines and devices

  9. New technology, equipment and instrument for product quality control of prepared traditional Chinese medicine and changing preparation packing

  10. New technology for analysis and new technique and equipment for extraction of the effective part of traditional Chinese medicine

  11. New medicines which are produced using biological engineering technology

  12. Development and application of new adjuvant

  13. Production of diagnosis90 agents for hepatitis, AIDS and radiation immunization

  XIV. Medical Apparatus91 Manufacturing Industry

  1. 80 kilowatts and over medical X-ray apparatus with intermediate frequency technology, computer control technology and digital image processing technology and with small radiation dosage

  2. Electronic endoscope

  3. Medical tubes

  XV. Aviation and Aerospace92 Industry

  1. Design and manufacture of civil planes (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  2. Manufacture of spare parts of civil planes

  3. Design and manufacture of aeroplane engines (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  4. Manufacture of airborne equipment

  5. Manufacture of light gas turbine engines

  6. Design and manufacture of civil satellites (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  7. Manufacture of civil satellite pay load (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  8. Manufacture of spare parts of civil satellites

  9. Technological93 development for civil satellite application

  10. Design and manufacture of civil carrier rocket (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  XVI. New Industries

  1. Micro-electronic technology

  2. New materials

  3. Biological engineering technology (not including gene35 engineering technology)

  4. Network technology of information, communications systems

  5. Isotope94, irradiation and laser technology

  6. Ocean and ocean energy development technology

  7. Technology for seawater desalination95 and utilization

  8. Energy-saving technology development

  9. Technology for recycle and comprehensive utilization of resources

  10. Projects for the control of environment pollution as well as monitoring and treatment technology

  XVII. Service Industry

  1. Information consultancy of international economy, science and technology, environmental protection

  2. Maintenance and post-sale service of delicate instruments and equipment

  3. Construction of new high-tech and new product development centre and enterprise incubation

  XVIII. Permitted Projects in Which All Products Are to Be Directly Exported

  Catalogue of Restricted Foreign Investment Industries

  (A)

  I. Light Industry

  1. Production of washing machines, refrigerators, freezers

  2. Synthetic embryo96, alcohol ether, alcohol sulphate

  3. Production of air-conditioner and refrigerator compressors with shaft power lower than 2,000 watts37

  II. Textile Industry

  1. Chemical fibre reeled silk woven by means of conventional chipper

  2. Production of viscose staple97 fibre with a single-line capacity of 20,000 ton/year below 1. Production of barium salt

  2. Construction of refinery98 of less than 5,000,000 tons

  3. Retreading of cross-ply tyre and old tyre (not including meridian99 tyre) and production of low-performance industrial rubber attachments100

  4. Production of titanium dioxide through sulphuric acid method

  IV. Mechanical Industry

  1. Equipment manufacture for ordinary dacron filament26 and staple fibre

  2. Manufacture of diesel power generating units

  3. Production of various kinds of ordinary abrasives101 (including corundum, carborundum), grinding wheel with diameter less than 400 mm and artificial diamond saw blade

  4. Production of electric drill, power-driven grinder

  5. Ordinary carbon steel welding rods

  6. Ordinary standard fasteners, small- and medium-size ordinary bearings

  7. Ordinary lead acid accumulators

  8. Containers

  9. Elevators

  10. Aluminium102 alloy wheel hub

  V. Electronics Industry

  1. Satellite television receivers and key parts

  2. Digital programmed local and user switches

  VI. Medicine Industry

  1. Production of chloramphenicol, lincomycin, gentamycin, dibydro streptomycin, amikacin, tetracycline hydrochloride, terramycin, acetylspiramycin, medemycin, leucomycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin

  2. Production of analgin, aspirin103, paracetamol, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin B6

  VII. Medical Apparatus Manufacturing Industry

  1. Production of low- and medium-class B-mode supersonic displayers

  VIII. Transportation Service Industry

  1. Taxi (the purchase of cars is restricted within China)

  2. Gas station (restricted to construction and management of enterprises attached to expressway)

  (B)

  I. Agriculture, Forestry, Husbandry, Fishery and Related Industries

  1. Development and production of seeds of foodgrains, cotton and oil crops (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  2. Processing and export of precious varieties of logs (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  3. Inshore and inland water area fishing (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  4. Planting and breeding of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  II. Light Industry

  1. Production of table salt, industrial salt

  2. Production of non-alcoholic beverage104 of foreign brand (including solid beverage)

  3. Production of millet105 wine and well-known spirits

  4. Tobacco processing industry producing cigarettes and filter tips

  5. Processing and production of blue wet hide of pig, ox, and sheep

  6. Production of natural spices

  7. Processing of fat

  8. Paper and paperboard

  III. Textile Industry

  1. Wool spinning, cotton spinning

  2. Raw silk, grey silk fabric106

  3. High-emulation chemical fibres and special chemical fibres such as aryl on, carbon fibre (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  4. Fibre-grade and non-fibre-use polyester, acrylic fibre, spandex (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  IV. Communication and Transportation as well as Post Telecommunications Industries

  1. Construction and management of main lines of railways (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)2. Water transportation (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  3. Entry and exit automobile transportation (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  4. Air transportation (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  5. General aviation (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  V. Power Industry

  1. Construction and management of conventional coal-burning thermal power plant with generating unit capacity of 300,000 kilowatts below (small-scale electric network, remote border mountain areas as well as low-quality coal-burning and gangue-burning power plant excluded)

  VI. Non-ferrous Metal Industry (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  1. Copper and aluminium processing

  2. Mining, dressing107, smelting, and processing of precious metals (gold, silver, platinum108 families)

  3. Mining of non-ferrous metals such as wolfram, tin, antimony

  4. Prospecting109, mining, dressing, smelting and separation of rare-earth metals

  VII. Petroleum, Petrochemical and Chemical Industries

  1. Sensitive materials (film, roll film, PS plate, photographic paper)

  2. Mining and processing of baron110, magnesium111, iron ores

  3. Benzidine

  4. Ion film caustic soda and organic chlorine serial chemical products

  5. Meridian tyre (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  6. Raw materials of synthetic fibre: phthalic acid, acrylonitrile, caprolactam, nylon 66 salt, etc.

  VIII. Mechanical Industry

  1. Complete automobile (including various kinds of limousine112, lorry, bus, refitted car) and complete motorcycle (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  2. Engines of automobiles113 and motorcycles (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  3. Manufacture of air conditioner compressor for automobile, electronic controlling fuel-oil injecting system, electronic controlling braking anti-blocking system, safety ball and other automobile electronic equipment system, motor, aluminium radiator114

  4. Reconditioning and disassembling (refitting) of old automobile and motorcycle and their engines

  5. Thermal power equipment: manufacture of 100,000 kilowatts and over generating units (power unit, turbine, boiler, supplementary115 machine and controlling equipment), gas turbine combined cycle power equipment, cyclic fluidized bed boiler, coal gasification combined cyclic technology and equipment (IGCC), pressure boost fluidized bed (PFBC),desulfurization and denitrification equipment (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  6. Hydropower equipment: manufacture of hydropower generating units with a wheel diameter of 5 metres and over (including hydropower supplementary machine and controlling equipment), large-scale pump storage generating units of 50,000 kilowatts and over, large-scale tubular turbine generating units of 10,000 kilowatts and over (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  7. Nuclear power generating units: manufacture of nuclear power generating units of 600,000 kilowatts and over (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  8. Power transmitting and transforming equipment: manufacture of large-scale transformers of 220 kilovolts and over, high-tension switches, mutual116 conductors, cable equipment (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  9. Caterpillar117 bulldozer of 320 h.p. below, wheeled loader of 3 cubic metres below, automobile crane of 50 tons below (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  10. Manufacture of steel sheet continuous casting machine

  11. Photocopier118 and camera

  IX. Electronics Industry

  1. Colour television sets (including projection119 television sets), colour kinescope and glass shielding

  2. Video cameras (including video camera recorders)

  3. Video recorders, magnetic heads, magnetic drums and movements of video recorders

  4. Analogue120 mobile communications systems (honeycomb, colony, wireless121 beeper call, wireless telephone)

  5. Satellite navigation positioning reception equipment and its key parts (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  6. Manufacture of equipment for VSAT system

  7. Manufacture of equipment for 2.5 GB/S below optical synchronized digital series and 144 MB/S and below microwave communications system

  X. Building Material and Equipment and Other Non-metal Mineral Product Industries

  1. Exploration, mining and processing of precious non-metal ores such as diamond and other natural gems122 (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  XI. Medicine Industry

  1. Traditional Chinese medicinal materials, semi-finished and finished traditional Chinese medicine (traditional techniques for preparing ready-to-eat traditional Chinese medicines excluded)

  2. Precursor123 of narcotics124: ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, ergotinine, ergotamine, lysergic acid, etc.

  3. Penicillin125 G

  4. Production of addictive126 narcotics and psychotropic substances (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  5. Production of high-tech vaccines128 (AIDS vaccine127, hepatitis C vaccine, contraceptive vaccine, etc., with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  6. Production of vaccines, bacterines, antitoxin, toxoid (BCG, poliomyelitis vaccine, diphtheria vaccine, pertussis vaccine, tetanus vaccine, measle scavenge, epidemic129 encephalitis B vaccine, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine, etc.) under the state immunization plan

  7. Production of vitamin C

  8. Production of blood products

  XII. Medical Apparatus Manufacturing Industry

  1. Disposable syringe, infusion130 system, blood transfusion131 tube and blood bag

  2. Manufacture of large-size medical apparatuses132 such as computerized tomography device (CT), magnetic resonance133 imaging device (MRI) and medical accelerator

  XIII. Shipping134 Industry (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  1. Repair, design and manufacture of special ships, high-performance ships and 35,000-ton and over ships

  2. Design and manufacture of diesel engines, supplementary machine, wireless communications equipment, navigation equipment and their fittings used in ships

  XIV. Domestic and Foreign Trade, Tourism, Real Estate and Service Industries (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  1. Domestic trade (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  2. Foreign trade (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  3. Tourist agency

  4. Collaborative education project (elementary education excluded)

  5. Medical service (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)6. Accountancy, audit135 and legal consultancy services and brokerage company

  7. Agency service (boats and ships, freight, futures136, sales, advertisement, etc.)

  8. High-ranking hotels, villas137 and high-class office buildings, international conference and exhibition centre

  9. Golf links

  10. Development of tracts138 of land

  11. Large park for tourism, culture and recreation and large artificial landscape

  12. Construction and management of state-rank tourist areas

  XV. Finance and Relevant Trades

  1. Bank, finance company, trust investment company

  2. Insurance company, insurance brokerage and underwriting agent company

  3. Securities company, investment bank, merchant bank, fund management company

  4. Financial lease

  5. Foreign exchange brokerage

  6. Financial, insurance and foreign exchange consultancy

  7. Production, processing, wholesales139 and retail140 of gold, silver, gems and jewelry141

  XVI. Miscellaneous

  1. Printing and publishing and issuing business (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  2. Inspection142, appraisal143 and authentication144 business of import and export commodity (wholly foreign-owned enterprises are not allowed)

  3. Production, publishing and issuing of audio-visual products, electronic publications (with the Chinese party taking the holding or leading position)

  XVII. Other Industries Restricted by the State or International Treaties That China Has Concluded or Acceded145 to

  Catalogue of Prohibited Foreign Investment Industries

  I. Agriculture, Forestry, Husbandry, Fishery and Related Industries

  1. Wild animal and plant resources protected by the State

  2. China's rare precious breeds (including fine genes146 in plans industry, husbandry and aquatic products industry)

  3. Construction of animal and plant natural reserves

  4. Processing of green tea and special teas (famous teas, black tea, etc.)II. Light Industry

  1. Ivory carving147 and tiger-bone processing

  2. Hand-made carpet

  3. Bodiless lacquerware

  4. Enamel148 products

  5. Blue and white porcelain

  6. Xuan paper and ingot-shaped tablets of Chinese ink

  III. Power Industry and Urban Public Utility

  1. Construction and management of electricity network

  2. Construction and management of urban networks of water supply, water drainage, gas and heating power

  IV. Exploration, Selection and Processing of Mining Industry

  1. Exploration, selection, smelting and processing of radioactive mineral products

  V. Petroleum, Petrochemical and Chemical Industries

  1. Mining and processing of szaibelyite

  2. Mining and processing of celestite

  VI. Medicine Industry

  1. Traditional Chinese medicinal materials which have been listed as state protection resources (musk, liquorice root, etc.)

  2. Traditional techniques for preparing ready-to-eat traditional Chinese medicines, and products of secret recipe of prepared traditional Chinese medicine

  VII. Communication and Transportation as well as Post Telecommunications Industries

  1. Management of post and telecommunications business

  2. Air traffic control

  VIII. Trade and Finance

  1. Commodity futures, financial futures and other derivative149 financial business

  IX. Broadcasting, Film and Television Industries

  1. Broadcasting stations, TV stations (networks), launching stations and relay stations at various levels

  2. Production, publishing, issuing and broadcasting of radio and TV programmes

  3. Production, publishing and showing of films 4. Video tape showing

  X. Journalism150

  XI. Weapon Manufacturing Industry

  XII. Miscellaneous

  1. Projects that endanger the safety and performance of military facilities

  2. Developing or processing of carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic raw materials

  3. Racecourse, gambling151

  4. Pornographic service

  XIII. Other Industries Prohibited by the State or by International Treaties that China Has Concluded or Acceded to



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1 promulgated a4e9ce715ee72e022795b8072a6e618f     
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参考例句:
  • Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达30余项。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
  • The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。 来自辞典例句
2 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部;牧师
参考例句:
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
3 forestry 8iBxk     
n.森林学;林业
参考例句:
  • At present, the Chinese forestry is being at a significant transforming period. 当前, 我国的林业正处于一个重大的转折时期。
  • Anhua is one of the key forestry counties in Hunan province. 安化县是湖南省重点林区县之一。
4 cultivation cnfzl     
n.耕作,培养,栽培(法),养成
参考例句:
  • The cultivation in good taste is our main objective.培养高雅情趣是我们的主要目标。
  • The land is not fertile enough to repay cultivation.这块土地不够肥沃,不值得耕种。
5 tar 1qOwD     
n.柏油,焦油;vt.涂或浇柏油/焦油于
参考例句:
  • The roof was covered with tar.屋顶涂抹了一层沥青。
  • We use tar to make roads.我们用沥青铺路。
6 forage QgyzP     
n.(牛马的)饲料,粮草;v.搜寻,翻寻
参考例句:
  • They were forced to forage for clothing and fuel.他们不得不去寻找衣服和燃料。
  • Now the nutritive value of the forage is reduced.此时牧草的营养价值也下降了。
7 serial 0zuw2     
n.连本影片,连本电视节目;adj.连续的
参考例句:
  • A new serial is starting on television tonight.今晚电视开播一部新的电视连续剧。
  • Can you account for the serial failures in our experiment?你能解释我们实验屡屡失败的原因吗?
8 aquatic mvXzk     
adj.水生的,水栖的
参考例句:
  • Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
  • We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。
9 pesticides abb0488ed6905584ea91347395a890e8     
n.杀虫剂( pesticide的名词复数 );除害药物
参考例句:
  • vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用杀虫剂种植的蔬菜
  • There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人们对农业上灭草剂和杀虫剂的用量非常担忧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 antibiotics LzgzQT     
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
11 additives cf3f12a049807f79b9faf1553e074059     
n.添加剂( additive的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • chemical additives in petrol 汽油中的化学添加剂
  • It'says on the packet that these crisps contain no additives. 包装上说这些炸薯片不含添加剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 preservation glnzYU     
n.保护,维护,保存,保留,保持
参考例句:
  • The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
  • The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。
13 utilization Of0zMC     
n.利用,效用
参考例句:
  • Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。
  • Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式,完全驳倒了这种想象。
14 lumber a8Jz6     
n.木材,木料;v.以破旧东西堆满;伐木;笨重移动
参考例句:
  • The truck was sent to carry lumber.卡车被派出去运木材。
  • They slapped together a cabin out of old lumber.他们利用旧木料草草地盖起了一间小屋。
15 implements 37371cb8af481bf82a7ea3324d81affc     
n.工具( implement的名词复数 );家具;手段;[法律]履行(契约等)v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • Primitive man hunted wild animals with crude stone implements. 原始社会的人用粗糙的石器猎取野兽。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • They ordered quantities of farm implements. 他们订购了大量农具。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
16 ecological IrRxX     
adj.生态的,生态学的
参考例句:
  • The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
  • Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.
17 pulp Qt4y9     
n.果肉,纸浆;v.化成纸浆,除去...果肉,制成纸浆
参考例句:
  • The pulp of this watermelon is too spongy.这西瓜瓤儿太肉了。
  • The company manufactures pulp and paper products.这个公司制造纸浆和纸产品。
18 ornament u4czn     
v.装饰,美化;n.装饰,装饰物
参考例句:
  • The flowers were put on the table for ornament.花放在桌子上做装饰用。
  • She wears a crystal ornament on her chest.她的前胸戴了一个水晶饰品。
19 high-tech high-tech     
adj.高科技的
参考例句:
  • The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展,这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
  • The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。
20 ploy FuQyE     
n.花招,手段
参考例句:
  • I think this is just a government ploy to deceive the public.我认为这只是政府欺骗公众的手段。
  • Christmas should be a time of excitement and wonder,not a cynical marketing ploy.圣诞节应该是兴奋和美妙的时刻,而不该是一种肆无忌惮的营销策略。
21 enzyme cPozF     
n.酵素,酶
参考例句:
  • Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度,酶分子将会展开。
  • An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。
22 synthetic zHtzY     
adj.合成的,人工的;综合的;n.人工制品
参考例句:
  • We felt the salesman's synthetic friendliness.我们感觉到那位销售员的虚情假意。
  • It's a synthetic diamond.这是人造钻石。
23 icon JbxxB     
n.偶像,崇拜的对象,画像
参考例句:
  • They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
  • Click on this icon to align or justify text.点击这个图标使文本排齐。
24 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
25 dictate fvGxN     
v.口授;(使)听写;指令,指示,命令
参考例句:
  • It took him a long time to dictate this letter.口述这封信花了他很长时间。
  • What right have you to dictate to others?你有什么资格向别人发号施令?
26 filament sgCzj     
n.细丝;长丝;灯丝
参考例句:
  • The source of electrons in an electron microscope is a heated filament.电子显微镜中的电子源,是一加热的灯丝。
  • The lack of air in the bulb prevents the filament from burning up.灯泡内缺乏空气就使灯丝不致烧掉。
27 filaments 82be78199276cbe86e0e8b6c084015b6     
n.(电灯泡的)灯丝( filament的名词复数 );丝极;细丝;丝状物
参考例句:
  • Instead, sarcomere shortening occurs when the thin filaments'slide\" by the thick filaments. 此外,肌节的缩短发生于细肌丝沿粗肌丝“滑行”之际。 来自辞典例句
  • Wetting-force data on filaments of any diameter and shape can easily obtained. 各种直径和形状的长丝的润湿力数据是易于测量的。 来自辞典例句
28 emulation 4p1x9     
n.竞争;仿效
参考例句:
  • The young man worked hard in emulation of his famous father.这位年轻人努力工作,要迎头赶上他出名的父亲。
  • His spirit of assiduous study is worthy of emulation.他刻苦钻研的精神,值得效法。
29 auxiliaries 03aff0515b792031bb456d2dfbcc5b28     
n.助动词 ( auxiliary的名词复数 );辅助工,辅助人员
参考例句:
  • These auxiliaries have made our work much easier. 有了这些辅助人员,我们的工作才顺利多了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • In English the future tense is often rendered by means of auxiliaries. 在英语中,将来时常用助动词来表现。 来自辞典例句
30 wharf RMGzd     
n.码头,停泊处
参考例句:
  • We fetch up at the wharf exactly on time.我们准时到达码头。
  • We reached the wharf gasping for breath.我们气喘吁吁地抵达了码头。
31 wharfs 8321849b18b6ec48fc8ac01b78bad8a7     
码头,停泊处
参考例句:
  • Meanwhile, technological renovation of multi-purpose wharfs at various ports will be accelerated. 同时加快港口多用途码头的技术改造。 来自互联网
  • At present there are many wharfs with sheet-pile framework in China. 目前国内已建有许多采用板桩结构的码头。 来自互联网
32 synchronized f6dbc93312ac2dd66d3989fc9050167f     
同步的
参考例句:
  • Do not use the synchronized keyword in Managed Objects. 不要在管理对象上使用synchronized关键字。 来自互联网
  • The timing of the gun was precisely synchronized with the turning of the plane's propeller. 风门的调速与飞机螺旋桨的转动精确同步。 来自辞典例句
33 pipeline aNUxN     
n.管道,管线
参考例句:
  • The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
  • A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。
34 thermal 8Guyc     
adj.热的,由热造成的;保暖的
参考例句:
  • They will build another thermal power station.他们要另外建一座热能发电站。
  • Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
35 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
36 kilowatts d9f87593961475fee978f39c57bfced8     
千瓦( kilowatt的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • It's about 500 kilowatts per hour on average. 年用电量平均为每小时500千瓦。 来自商贸英语会话
  • We have an emergency-standby electric generator with a capacity of 300 kilowatts. 我们有一台三百千瓦的事故备用发电机。
37 watts c70bc928c4d08ffb18fc491f215d238a     
(电力计量单位)瓦,瓦特( watt的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • My lamp uses 60 watts; my toaster uses 600 watts. 我的灯用60瓦,我的烤面包器用600瓦。
  • My lamp uses 40 watts. 我的灯40瓦。
38 stainless kuSwr     
adj.无瑕疵的,不锈的
参考例句:
  • I have a set of stainless knives and forks.我有一套不锈钢刀叉。
  • Before the recent political scandal,her reputation had been stainless.在最近的政治丑闻之前,她的名声是无懈可击的。
39 smelting da3aff64f83e01ef85af6da3b7d675d5     
n.熔炼v.熔炼,提炼(矿石)( smelt的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • a method of smelting iron 一种炼铁方法
  • Fire provided a means of smelting ores. 火提供了熔炼矿石的手段。 来自辞典例句
40 silicon dykwJ     
n.硅(旧名矽)
参考例句:
  • This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
  • A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。
41 petroleum WiUyi     
n.原油,石油
参考例句:
  • The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
  • The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。
42 scrap JDFzf     
n.碎片;废料;v.废弃,报废
参考例句:
  • A man comes round regularly collecting scrap.有个男人定时来收废品。
  • Sell that car for scrap.把那辆汽车当残品卖了吧。
43 bauxite NuEzO     
n.铝土矿
参考例句:
  • Aluminum is made from bauxite.铝是从铝土矿中提炼出的。
  • The United States was vulnerable to shortages of chrome,bauxite,and platinum.美国的弱点是缺少铬、矾土和铂。
44 quenching 90229e08b1aa329f388bae4268d165d8     
淬火,熄
参考例句:
  • She had, of course, no faculty for quenching memory in dissipation. 她当然也没有以放荡纵欲来冲淡记忆的能耐。
  • This loss, termed quenching, may arise in two ways. 此种损失称为淬火,呈两个方面。
45 alloy fLryq     
n.合金,(金属的)成色
参考例句:
  • The company produces titanium alloy.该公司生产钛合金。
  • Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.青铜是铜和锡的合金。
46 alloys a0554febd06fadac0b9b8f0ad597e74d     
n.合金( alloy的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • This is essentially a development of thoria dispersion strengthened nickel alloys. 这基本上是用二氧化钍弥散强度化的镍基合金。 来自辞典例句
  • The lack of deep hardening in these alloys negates their use. 这些合金缺乏深层硬化能力使它们无法利用。 来自辞典例句
47 copper HZXyU     
n.铜;铜币;铜器;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的
参考例句:
  • The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
  • Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。
48 zinc DfxwX     
n.锌;vt.在...上镀锌
参考例句:
  • Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc.黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
  • Zinc is used to protect other metals from corrosion.锌被用来保护其他金属不受腐蚀。
49 aluminum 9xhzP     
n.(aluminium)铝
参考例句:
  • The aluminum sheets cannot be too much thicker than 0.04 inches.铝板厚度不能超过0.04英寸。
  • During the launch phase,it would ride in a protective aluminum shell.在发射阶段,它盛在一只保护的铝壳里。
50 caustic 9rGzb     
adj.刻薄的,腐蚀性的
参考例句:
  • He opened his mouth to make a caustic retort.他张嘴开始进行刻薄的反击。
  • He enjoys making caustic remarks about other people.他喜欢挖苦别人。
51 soda cr3ye     
n.苏打水;汽水
参考例句:
  • She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
  • I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。
52 resin bCqyY     
n.树脂,松香,树脂制品;vt.涂树脂
参考例句:
  • This allyl type resin is a highly transparent, colourless material.这种烯丙基型的树脂是一种高度透明的、无色材料。
  • This is referred to as a thixotropic property of the resin.这种特性叫做树脂的触变性。
53 derived 6cddb7353e699051a384686b6b3ff1e2     
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
参考例句:
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
54 auxiliary RuKzm     
adj.辅助的,备用的
参考例句:
  • I work in an auxiliary unit.我在一家附属单位工作。
  • The hospital has an auxiliary power system in case of blackout.这家医院装有备用发电系统以防灯火管制。
55 adhesive CyVzV     
n.粘合剂;adj.可粘着的,粘性的
参考例句:
  • You'll need a strong adhesive to mend that chair. 你需要一种粘性很强的东西来修理那把椅子。
  • Would you give me an adhesive stamp?请给我一枚带胶邮票好吗?
56 inorganic P6Sxn     
adj.无生物的;无机的
参考例句:
  • The fundamentals of inorganic chemistry are very important.无机化学的基础很重要。
  • This chemical plant recently bought a large quantity of inorganic salt.这家化工厂又买进了大量的无机盐。
57 slag vT3z2     
n.熔渣,铁屑,矿渣;v.使变成熔渣,变熔渣
参考例句:
  • Millions of tons of slag now go into building roads each year.每年有数百万吨炉渣用于铺路。
  • The slag powder had been widely used as the additive in the cement and concrete.矿渣微粉作为水泥混凝土的掺和料已得到广泛应用。
58 automobile rP1yv     
n.汽车,机动车
参考例句:
  • He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
  • The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。
59 pipelines 2bee8f0b9bb303b1f1a466fd43666db3     
管道( pipeline的名词复数 ); 输油管道; 在考虑(或规划、准备) 中; 在酿中
参考例句:
  • The oil is carried to the oil refinery by pipelines. 石油通过输油管输送到炼油厂。
  • The oil carried in pipelines. 石油用管道输送。
60 depot Rwax2     
n.仓库,储藏处;公共汽车站;火车站
参考例句:
  • The depot is only a few blocks from here.公共汽车站离这儿只有几个街区。
  • They leased the building as a depot.他们租用这栋大楼作仓库。
61 resistant 7Wvxh     
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
参考例句:
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
62 insulation Q5Jxt     
n.隔离;绝缘;隔热
参考例句:
  • Please examine the insulation of the electric wires in my house.请检查一下我屋子里电线的绝缘情况。
  • It is always difficult to assure good insulation between the electric leads.要保证两个电触头之间有良好的绝缘总是很困难的。
63 trolley YUjzG     
n.手推车,台车;无轨电车;有轨电车
参考例句:
  • The waiter had brought the sweet trolley.侍者已经推来了甜食推车。
  • In a library,books are moved on a trolley.在图书馆,书籍是放在台车上搬动的。
64 sensor sz7we     
n.传感器,探测设备,感觉器(官)
参考例句:
  • The temperature sensor is enclosed in a protective well.温度传感器密封在保护套管中。
  • He plugged the sensor into a outlet.他把传感器插进电源插座。
65 sensors 029aee483db9ae244d7a5cb353e74602     
n.传感器,灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时,有很大变化。 来自辞典例句
66 proximity 5RsxM     
n.接近,邻近
参考例句:
  • Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
  • Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。
67 machinery CAdxb     
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构
参考例句:
  • Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗?
  • Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
68 components 4725dcf446a342f1473a8228e42dfa48     
(机器、设备等的)构成要素,零件,成分; 成分( component的名词复数 ); [物理化学]组分; [数学]分量; (混合物的)组成部分
参考例句:
  • the components of a machine 机器部件
  • Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。
69 hydraulic AcDzt     
adj.水力的;水压的,液压的;水力学的
参考例句:
  • The boat has no fewer than five hydraulic pumps.这艘船配有不少于5个液压泵。
  • A group of apprentics were operating the hydraulic press.一群学徒正在开动水压机。
70 anaerobic BLzyN     
adj.厌氧的
参考例句:
  • Anaerobic respiration occurs only in particularly active tissues such as muscles during severe exercise. 厌氧呼吸只有在处于剧烈运动状态的肌肉等特别活跃的组织中才会发生。
  • Infection,especially anaerobic infection, is much more apt to occur.感染,特别是厌氧感染很容易发生。
71 slab BTKz3     
n.平板,厚的切片;v.切成厚板,以平板盖上
参考例句:
  • This heavy slab of oak now stood between the bomb and Hitler.这时笨重的橡木厚板就横在炸弹和希特勒之间了。
  • The monument consists of two vertical pillars supporting a horizontal slab.这座纪念碑由两根垂直的柱体构成,它们共同支撑着一块平板。
72 denigration 80d989b824be5b267f4c71c793650bcb     
n.弄黑;诋毁;贬低;抹黑[医] 涂黑,变黑
参考例句:
  • The essence of the denigration of women is our definition as sex object. 诋毁妇女的实质就是视我们为性目标。 来自演讲部分
  • None of you a failure as a denigration of your intellect. 不要觉得失败而诋毁了自己的才华。 来自互联网
73 boiler OtNzI     
n.锅炉;煮器(壶,锅等)
参考例句:
  • That boiler will not hold up under pressure.那种锅炉受不住压力。
  • This new boiler generates more heat than the old one.这个新锅炉产生的热量比旧锅炉多。
74 diesel ql6zo     
n.柴油发动机,内燃机
参考例句:
  • We experimented with diesel engines to drive the pumps.我们试着用柴油机来带动水泵。
  • My tractor operates on diesel oil.我的那台拖拉机用柴油开动。
75 piston w2Rz7     
n.活塞
参考例句:
  • They use a piston engine instead.他们改用活塞发动机。
  • The piston moves by steam pressure.活塞在蒸汽压力下运动。
76 shaft YEtzp     
n.(工具的)柄,杆状物
参考例句:
  • He was wounded by a shaft.他被箭击中受伤。
  • This is the shaft of a steam engine.这是一个蒸汽机主轴。
77 joint m3lx4     
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合
参考例句:
  • I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤,肩膀脫臼了。
  • We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
78 multimedia BnSzdj     
adj.多种手段的,多媒体的;n.多媒体
参考例句:
  • Multimedia is the combination of computer and video technology.多媒体是计算机和视频技术的结合。
  • Adam raised the issue of multimedia applications and much useful discussion ensued.亚当提出了多媒体应用的问题,从而引发了许多有益的讨论。
79 sanitation GYgxE     
n.公共卫生,环境卫生,卫生设备
参考例句:
  • The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看,这个地段非常糟糕。
  • Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。
80 porcelain USvz9     
n.瓷;adj.瓷的,瓷制的
参考例句:
  • These porcelain plates have rather original designs on them.这些瓷盘的花纹很别致。
  • The porcelain vase is enveloped in cotton.瓷花瓶用棉花裹着。
81 renovation xVAxF     
n.革新,整修
参考例句:
  • The cinema will reopen next week after the renovation.电影院修缮后,将于下星期开业。
  • The building has undergone major renovation.这座大楼已进行大整修。
82 refractory GCOyK     
adj.倔强的,难驾驭的
参考例句:
  • He is a very refractory child.他是一个很倔强的孩子。
  • Silicate minerals are characteristically refractory and difficult to break down.硅酸盐矿物的特点是耐熔和难以分离。
83 kilns a783251ff4c9ad3d87dce8463073429b     
n.窑( kiln的名词复数 );烧窑工人
参考例句:
  • Bricks and earthware articles are baked in kilns. 砖和陶器都是在窑中烧成的。 来自辞典例句
  • The bricks are baking in the kilns. ?里正在烧砖。 来自辞典例句
84 excavating 5d793b033d109ef3f1f026bd95b1d9f5     
v.挖掘( excavate的现在分词 );开凿;挖出;发掘
参考例句:
  • A bulldozer was employed for excavating the foundations of the building. 推土机用来给楼房挖地基。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • A new Danish expedition is again excavating the site in annual summer digs. 一支新的丹麦探险队又在那个遗址上进行一年一度的夏季挖掘。 来自辞典例句
85 administratively 997bb9a014d883e2619abbc0b4191994     
[医]adv.行政上
参考例句:
  • Administratively, the country is divided into counties. 这个国家在行政区划分上分为许多郡。 来自辞典例句
  • Administratively permission enactment right is the foundation of administrative systems standardization. 摘要行政许可设定权是行政许可制度规范化的基础。 来自互联网
86 analgesic 2LpyP     
n.镇痛剂;adj.止痛的
参考例句:
  • The hospital advised an analgesic for chest and shoulder pains.医院建议用止痛药治疗胸部和肩部疼痛。
  • Aspirin is a mild analgesic.阿司匹林是药性平和的止痛药。
87 pharmaceutics 07e7440119ee52162be0a53958f85327     
n.配药学,制药学;药物学
参考例句:
  • It is combined with nano-technique, light-purge technique, catalyzation, pharmaceutics and biochemistry. 它是融纳米技术、光技术净化、触酶(催化)、药学技术、生物化学为一体的新技术、新方法。 来自互联网
  • Education background of medicine, pharmaceutics and biology. Bachelor degree or above. 具备医学、药学或生物学背景。 来自互联网
88 buffer IxYz0B     
n.起缓冲作用的人(或物),缓冲器;vt.缓冲
参考例句:
  • A little money can be a useful buffer in time of need.在急需时,很少一点钱就能解燃眉之急。
  • Romantic love will buffer you against life's hardships.浪漫的爱会减轻生活的艰辛。
89 pharmaceutical f30zR     
adj.药学的,药物的;药用的,药剂师的
参考例句:
  • She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室。
  • We are engaged in a legal tussle with a large pharmaceutical company.我们正同一家大制药公司闹法律纠纷。
90 diagnosis GvPxC     
n.诊断,诊断结果,调查分析,判断
参考例句:
  • His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
  • The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。
91 apparatus ivTzx     
n.装置,器械;器具,设备
参考例句:
  • The school's audio apparatus includes films and records.学校的视听设备包括放映机和录音机。
  • They had a very refined apparatus.他们有一套非常精良的设备。
92 aerospace CK2yf     
adj.航空的,宇宙航行的
参考例句:
  • The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
  • Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。
93 technological gqiwY     
adj.技术的;工艺的
参考例句:
  • A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
  • Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今, 随着科技进步,生活节奏不断增快。
94 isotope isotope     
n.同位素
参考例句:
  • The isotope ratio is directly used for comparing oils or gases.同位素比率直接用于比较各种石油或天然气。
  • How to apply a radio isotope?如何运用放射性同位素?
95 desalination xwNxL     
n.脱盐(作用)
参考例句:
  • Crops can be grown on this land after desalination. 这片土地经过脱盐就可以种植庄稼了。
  • One source is by desalination-taking the salt out of salt water to make it drinkable. 淡水的来源之一是使水淡化--把含盐的水中的盐份去掉,使之能够饮用。
96 embryo upAxt     
n.胚胎,萌芽的事物
参考例句:
  • They are engaging in an embryo research.他们正在进行一项胚胎研究。
  • The project was barely in embryo.该计划只是个雏形。
97 staple fGkze     
n.主要产物,常用品,主要要素,原料,订书钉,钩环;adj.主要的,重要的;vt.分类
参考例句:
  • Tea is the staple crop here.本地产品以茶叶为大宗。
  • Potatoes are the staple of their diet.土豆是他们的主要食品。
98 refinery QiayX     
n.精炼厂,提炼厂
参考例句:
  • They built a sugar refinery.他们建起了一座榨糖厂。
  • The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。
99 meridian f2xyT     
adj.子午线的;全盛期的
参考例句:
  • All places on the same meridian have the same longitude.在同一子午线上的地方都有相同的经度。
  • He is now at the meridian of his intellectual power.他现在正值智力全盛期。
100 attachments da2fd5324f611f2b1d8b4fef9ae3179e     
n.(用电子邮件发送的)附件( attachment的名词复数 );附着;连接;附属物
参考例句:
  • The vacuum cleaner has four different attachments. 吸尘器有四个不同的附件。
  • It's an electric drill with a range of different attachments. 这是一个带有各种配件的电钻。
101 abrasives e65100847db55bc695b9577a4c0a57ba     
(研)磨料,磨蚀剂( abrasive的名词复数 ); 磨蚀岩屑
参考例句:
  • The most common finishing operations are mechanical, such as milling, grinding, or polishing with abrasives. 最普通的精加工工序是用机械的方法,如研磨,磨削或用磨料抛光。
  • Many of these products contain mild abrasives, chemicals or polishing agents. 许多这些产品都含有微量的腐蚀剂,化学物或抛光剂。
102 aluminium uLjyc     
n.铝 (=aluminum)
参考例句:
  • Aluminium looks heavy but actually it is very light.铝看起来很重,实际上却很轻。
  • If necessary, we can use aluminium instead of steel.如果必要,我们可用铝代钢。
103 aspirin 4yszpM     
n.阿司匹林
参考例句:
  • The aspirin seems to quiet the headache.阿司匹林似乎使头痛减轻了。
  • She went into a chemist's and bought some aspirin.她进了一家药店,买了些阿司匹林。
104 beverage 0QgyN     
n.(水,酒等之外的)饮料
参考例句:
  • The beverage is often colored with caramel.这种饮料常用焦糖染色。
  • Beer is a beverage of the remotest time.啤酒是一种最古老的饮料。
105 millet NoAzVY     
n.小米,谷子
参考例句:
  • Millet is cultivated in the middle or lower reaches of the Yellow River.在黄河中下游地区,人们种植谷子。
  • The high quality millet flour was obtained through wet milling.采用湿磨法获得了高品质的小米粉。
106 fabric 3hezG     
n.织物,织品,布;构造,结构,组织
参考例句:
  • The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
  • I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。
107 dressing 1uOzJG     
n.(食物)调料;包扎伤口的用品,敷料
参考例句:
  • Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
  • The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。
108 platinum CuOyC     
n.白金
参考例句:
  • I'll give her a platinum ring.我打算送给她一枚白金戒指。
  • Platinum exceeds gold in value.白金的价值高于黄金。
109 prospecting kkZzpG     
n.探矿
参考例句:
  • The prospecting team ploughed their way through the snow. 探险队排雪前进。
  • The prospecting team has traversed the length and breadth of the land. 勘探队踏遍了祖国的山山水水。
110 baron XdSyp     
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王
参考例句:
  • Henry Ford was an automobile baron.亨利·福特是一位汽车业巨头。
  • The baron lived in a strong castle.男爵住在一座坚固的城堡中。
111 magnesium bRiz8     
n.镁
参考例句:
  • Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth.镁是植物生长的营养要素。
  • The water contains high amounts of magnesium.这水含有大量的镁。
112 limousine B3NyJ     
n.豪华轿车
参考例句:
  • A chauffeur opened the door of the limousine for the grand lady.司机为这个高贵的女士打开了豪华轿车的车门。
  • We arrived in fine style in a hired limousine.我们很气派地乘坐出租的豪华汽车到达那里。
113 automobiles 760a1b7b6ea4a07c12e5f64cc766962b     
n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后,就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上,汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
114 radiator nTHxu     
n.暖气片,散热器
参考例句:
  • The two ends of the pipeline are connected with the radiator.管道的两端与暖气片相连接。
  • Top up the radiator before making a long journey.在长途旅行前加满散热器。
115 supplementary 0r6ws     
adj.补充的,附加的
参考例句:
  • There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了,我们另外有供水的地方。
  • A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。
116 mutual eFOxC     
adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的
参考例句:
  • We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
  • Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。
117 caterpillar ir5zf     
n.毛虫,蝴蝶的幼虫
参考例句:
  • A butterfly is produced by metamorphosis from a caterpillar.蝴蝶是由毛虫脱胎变成的。
  • A caterpillar must pass through the cocoon stage to become a butterfly.毛毛虫必须经过茧的阶段才能变成蝴蝶。
118 photocopier WlwzlN     
n.复印机
参考例句:
  • You've left your master in the photocopier.你把原件留在影印机里了。
  • If the photocopier stops working,just give it a clout.如果那部影印机停止运转的话就敲它一下。
119 projection 9Rzxu     
n.发射,计划,突出部分
参考例句:
  • Projection takes place with a minimum of awareness or conscious control.投射在最少的知觉或意识控制下发生。
  • The projection of increases in number of house-holds is correct.对户数增加的推算是正确的。
120 analogue SLryQ     
n.类似物;同源语
参考例句:
  • The gill of a fish is the analogue of the lung of a cat.鱼的鳃和猫的肺是类似物。
  • But aside from that analogue standby,the phone, videoconferencing is their favorite means of communication.除了备用的相似物电话,可视对话是他们最喜欢的沟通手段。
121 wireless Rfwww     
adj.无线的;n.无线电
参考例句:
  • There are a lot of wireless links in a radio.收音机里有许多无线电线路。
  • Wireless messages tell us that the ship was sinking.无线电报告知我们那艘船正在下沉。
122 gems 74ab5c34f71372016f1770a5a0bf4419     
growth; economy; management; and customer satisfaction 增长
参考例句:
  • a crown studded with gems 镶有宝石的皇冠
  • The apt citations and poetic gems have adorned his speeches. 贴切的引语和珠玑般的诗句为他的演说词增添文采。
123 precursor rPOx1     
n.先驱者;前辈;前任;预兆;先兆
参考例句:
  • Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。
  • He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。
124 narcotics 6c5fe7d3dc96f0626f1c875799f8ddb1     
n.麻醉药( narcotic的名词复数 );毒品;毒
参考例句:
  • The use of narcotics by teenagers is a problem in many countries. 青少年服用麻醉药在许多国家中都是一个问题。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Police shook down the club, looking for narcotics. 警方彻底搜查了这个俱乐部,寻找麻醉品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
125 penicillin sMXxv     
n.青霉素,盘尼西林
参考例句:
  • I should have asked him for a shot of penicillin.我应当让他给我打一针青霉素的。
  • Penicillin was an extremely significant medical discovery.青霉素是极其重要的医学发现。
126 addictive hJbyL     
adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的,成为习惯的
参考例句:
  • The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
  • Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。
127 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
参考例句:
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
128 vaccines c9bb57973a82c1e95c7cd0f4988a1ded     
疫苗,痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
  • The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
129 epidemic 5iTzz     
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
参考例句:
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
130 infusion CbAz1     
n.灌输
参考例句:
  • Old families need an infusion of new blood from time to time.古老的家族需要不时地注入新鲜血液。
  • Careful observation of the infusion site is necessary.必须仔细观察输液部位。
131 transfusion wnbwQ     
n.输血,输液
参考例句:
  • She soon came to her senses after a blood transfusion.输血后不久她就苏醒了。
  • The doctor kept him alive by a blood transfusion.医生靠输血使他仍然活着。
132 apparatuses 73644d5e4385221f8ef33521056728cc     
n.器械; 装置; 设备; 仪器
参考例句:
  • That magazine covers all kinds of heating apparatuses. 那本杂志论及所有暖气装置。 来自辞典例句
  • Apparatuses and methods for preparing sol-gel solutions are provided. 提供制备溶胶-凝胶溶液的装置和方法。 来自互联网
133 resonance hBazC     
n.洪亮;共鸣;共振
参考例句:
  • Playing the piano sets up resonance in those glass ornaments.一弹钢琴那些玻璃饰物就会产生共振。
  • The areas under the two resonance envelopes are unequal.两个共振峰下面的面积是不相等的。
134 shipping WESyg     
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船)
参考例句:
  • We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
  • There's a shipping charge of £5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。
135 audit wuGzw     
v.审计;查帐;核对;旁听
参考例句:
  • Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核,以确保其真实无误。
  • As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样,年度审计将在十二月份进行。
136 futures Isdz1Q     
n.期货,期货交易
参考例句:
  • He continued his operations in cotton futures.他继续进行棉花期货交易。
  • Cotton futures are selling at high prices.棉花期货交易的卖价是很高的。
137 villas 00c79f9e4b7b15e308dee09215cc0427     
别墅,公馆( villa的名词复数 ); (城郊)住宅
参考例句:
  • Magnificent villas are found throughout Italy. 在意大利到处可看到豪华的别墅。
  • Rich men came down from wealthy Rome to build sea-side villas. 有钱人从富有的罗马来到这儿建造海滨别墅。
138 tracts fcea36d422dccf9d9420a7dd83bea091     
大片土地( tract的名词复数 ); 地带; (体内的)道; (尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的)短文
参考例句:
  • vast tracts of forest 大片大片的森林
  • There are tracts of desert in Australia. 澳大利亚有大片沙漠。
139 wholesales c074d4f0ecf41e25a2ee94b4974d7368     
v.批发( wholesale的第三人称单数 );趸售,大规模买卖;批发(的);大规模(的)
参考例句:
  • This coat wholesales for less than ten dollars. 这种上衣的批发价不到十美元。 来自辞典例句
  • We welcome any wholesales, retailing and tailor made production. 本公司欢迎零售,批发,来样加工。 来自互联网
140 retail VWoxC     
v./n.零售;adv.以零售价格
参考例句:
  • In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
  • These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。
141 jewelry 0auz1     
n.(jewllery)(总称)珠宝
参考例句:
  • The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
  • Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。
142 inspection y6TxG     
n.检查,审查,检阅
参考例句:
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
  • The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
143 appraisal hvFzt     
n.对…作出的评价;评价,鉴定,评估
参考例句:
  • What's your appraisal of the situation?你对局势是如何评估的?
  • We need to make a proper appraisal of his work.对于他的工作我们需要做出适当的评价。
144 authentication jO5yS     
鉴定,认证
参考例句:
  • Computer security technology includes mainly:Authentication,Encryption,Access Control,Auditing and so on.计算机网络安全技术主要有: 认证授权、数据加密、访问控制、安全审计等。
145 acceded c4280b02966b7694640620699b4832b0     
v.(正式)加入( accede的过去式和过去分词 );答应;(通过财产的添附而)增加;开始任职
参考例句:
  • He acceded to demands for his resignation. 他同意要他辞职的要求。
  • They have acceded to the treaty. 他们已经加入了那个条约。 来自《简明英汉词典》
146 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
147 carving 5wezxw     
n.雕刻品,雕花
参考例句:
  • All the furniture in the room had much carving.房间里所有的家具上都有许多雕刻。
  • He acquired the craft of wood carving in his native town.他在老家学会了木雕手艺。
148 enamel jZ4zF     
n.珐琅,搪瓷,瓷釉;(牙齿的)珐琅质
参考例句:
  • I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
  • He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
149 derivative iwXxI     
n.派(衍)生物;adj.非独创性的,模仿他人的
参考例句:
  • His paintings are really quite derivative.他的画实在没有创意。
  • Derivative works are far more complicated.派生作品更加复杂。
150 journalism kpZzu8     
n.新闻工作,报业
参考例句:
  • He's a teacher but he does some journalism on the side.他是教师,可还兼职做一些新闻工作。
  • He had an aptitude for journalism.他有从事新闻工作的才能。
151 gambling ch4xH     
n.赌博;投机
参考例句:
  • They have won a lot of money through gambling.他们赌博赢了很多钱。
  • The men have been gambling away all night.那些人赌了整整一夜。
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