实用词汇(2)_专业词汇

实用词汇(2)

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-12-04 01:07 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

1. 素质教育：Quality Education
2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient
3. 保险业： the insurance industry
4. 保证重点指出： ensure funding for priority areas
5. 补发拖欠的养老金： clear up pension payments in arrears¹
6. 不良贷款： non-performing loan
7. 层层转包和违法分包： mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting
8. 城乡信用社： credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas
9. 城镇居民最低生活保障： a minimum standard of living for city residents
10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度： the system of medical insurance for urban workers
11. 出口信贷： export credit
12. 贷款质量： loan quality
13. 贷款质量五级分类办法： the five-category assets classification for bank loans
14. 防范和化解金融风险： take precautions against and reduce financial risks
15. 防洪工程： flood-prevention project
16. 非法外汇交易： illegal foreign exchange transaction
17. 非贸易收汇： foreign exchange earnings² through nontrade channels
18. 非银行金融机构： non-bank financial institutions
19. 费改税： transform administrative³ fees into taxes
20. 跟踪审计： foolow-up auditing⁴
21. 工程监理制度： the monitoring system for projects
22. 国有资产安全： the safety of state-owned assets
23. 过度开垦： excess reclamation⁵
24. 合同管理制度： the contract system for governing projects
25. 积极的财政政策： pro-active fiscal⁶ policy
26. 基本生活费： basic allowance
27. 解除劳动关系： sever⁷ labor⁸ relation
28. 金融监管责任制： the responsibility system for financial supervision⁹
29. 经济安全： economic security
30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设： to increase the deficit¹⁰ to spend more on development
31. 扩大国内需求： the expansion of domestic demand
32. 拉动经济增长： fuel economic growth
33. 粮食仓库： grain depot¹¹
34. 粮食收购企业： grain collection and storage enterprise
35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行： closed operation of grain purchase funds
36. 粮食销售市场： grain sales market
37. 劣质工程： shoddy engineering
38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款： arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas¹² and fines
39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇： obtain foreign currency under false pretenses¹³, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage¹⁴
40. 融资渠道： financing channels
41. 商业信贷原则： the principles for commercial credit
42. 社会保险机构： social security institution
43. 失业保险金： unemployment insurance benefits
44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税： tax evasion¹⁵, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes
45. 外汇收支： foreign exchange revenue and spending
46. 安居工程： housing project for low-income urban residents
47. 信息化： information-based; informationization
48. 智力密集型： concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive
49. 外资企业： overseas-funded enterprises
50. 下岗职工： laid-off workers
51. 分流： reposition of redundant¹⁶ personnel
52. 素质教育： education for all-round development
53. 豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects
54. 社会治安情况： law-and-order situation
55. 民族国家： nation state
56. “台独”： "independence of Taiwan"
57. 台湾当局： Taiwan authorities
58. 台湾同胞： Taiwan compatriots
59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.
60. 西部大开发： Development of the West Regions
61. 可持续性发展： sustainable development
62. 风险投资： risk investment
63. 通货紧缩： deflation
64. 扩大内需： to expand domestic demand
65. 计算机辅助教学： computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )
66. 网络空间： cyberspace¹⁷
67. 虚拟现实： virtual reality
68. 网民： netizen ( net citizen )
69. 电脑犯罪： computer crime
70. 电子商务： the e-business
71. 网上购物： shopping online
72. 应试教育： exam-oriented education
73. 学生减负： to reduce study load
74. “厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）
75. “拉尼娜”：（La Nina）
76. “智商”：（IQ）
77. “情商”：（EQ）
78. “第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）
79．“第四产业”：（quaternary/information industry）
80．“军嫂”：（military spouse¹⁸）
81．“峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)
82．“克隆”：clone
83．“冰毒”：ice
84．“摇头丸”：dancing outreach
85．“传销”：multi level marketing¹⁹
86．“（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)
87．“白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book)
88．“傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；
89．“白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）
90．“巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。
91．“减员增效”：increase efficiency by downsizing staff；
92．“抓大放小”：manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones；
93．“市政府要办的X件实事”：x major projects that should be given top priority as designated on the municipal government’s working agenda；
94．“两个基本点”：two focal points，two of the major points of the line set by
the 13th Congress of the CPC，I.e.upholding the four cardinal²⁰ principles and the policies reform，opening to the outside world and invigorating domestic economy。
95．“投资热点”：a region attractive to investors，a muchsought piece of hand，popular investment spot
96．“移动电话”：本系cellular（有时简作cel）或mobile（tele）phone
97．“三角债”：chain debts或debt chains
98．“拳头产品”：knockout product
99．“投诉热线”：dial-a-cheat confidential²¹ hotline（打电话告诉一件欺诈事件）
100．“三通”的现译文three links：link of trade，travel and post
101．“外资”：overseas investments
102．“开放”：open to the outside world
103．“联防”：community/teampolicing（一种由警察和辖区居民共同参与的治安管理）
104．“三陪服务”：escort services（陪伴服务）。
105．“五讲四美”：five stresses and four points of beauty
106．“暴利”：excessive/extravagant/exorbitant/sudden huge profit (windfall profit也好)
107．“暴发户”：upstart，parvenu，noov（e），nouveau riche（new rich）， jumped-up people(口语)
108．“快餐”：snack（food），quick meal，fast（food，meal），takeaway， carryout， MRE（meals ready to eat） “一次（性/用）”
109．一次处理：single/primary treatment；
110．一次污染：primary pollution；
111．一次冻透：straight；freez-ing；
112．一次空气：fresh/primary air；
113．一次爆破：onepull；
114．一次付清： pay in full；
115．一次消费：one-time-consumption；
116．一次误差：first-order error；
117．一次成像照片：a Polaroid picture；
118．一次偿还信贷： non-in-stallment；
119．一次性杯子：sanitary cup；
120．一次性筷子：disposable chopsticks；
121．一次性收入：lump-sum payment；
122．一次用包装：non-returnable container；
123．一次用相机：single-use camera
124．西部开发：Develop Western Regions
125．假日经济：Holiday Economy
126．手机的利与弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cell Phone
127．传呼机不久将会被淘汰吗？：Can Beepers Be Soon Out of Use?
128．电脑病毒：Computer Viruses
129．网上犯罪：Cyber Crimes
130．旅游热：Tourism Wave
131．打拐：Cracking Down on the Abduction of Women and Children
132．反毒斗争：Anti-drug Battle
133．黑客：Hackers
134．减负：Reduction of Students’ Study Load
135．中国加入世贸组织：China’s Entry into the WTO
136．沙尘暴：Sandstorms
137．告别1999：Farewell to the Special Year 1999
138．千年虫：The Millennium²⁴ Bug²⁵
139．千禧年的梦想：My Millennium Dreams
140．拥抱新千年：Embracing the New Millennium
141．网上购物：Shopping on the Net
142．参考书的负面效应：My View on the Negative Effects of Reference Books
143．因特网的利与弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Internet
144．人类第一张基因草图的意义：The Significance of the First Working Draft of Human Genome Map
145．高校合并：The Merging²⁶ of Universities
146．网上求职：Hunting for A Job on Internet
147．何为新世纪的好老师？：What Is a Good Teacher in the Next Century?
148．中国的外资：China’s foreign Investment
149．中国的人才流失：The Talent Flight in China
150．性教育：Sex Education
151．明天的因特网：The Future Tomorrows Internet
152．课堂是以教师为中心还是以学生为中心？：A Teacher-centered Class or A Student-centered Class?
153．现有的考试制度的利与弊：The Positive and Negative Aspects of Exams and the Existing Examination System
154．中国的因特网：Internet in China
155．中国的电脑：Computers in China
156．中国的大学英语教学：College English Teaching in China
157．新的收费政策把学生拒之门外了吗？：Does New Tuition Policy Keep Students Away?
158．家教的利与弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Home Tutoring
159．教师，国家的未来：Teachers, A Nation’s Future
160．电子词典：Electronic Dictionaries
161．教育应是应试教育还是素质教育：Education: Examination-oriented or Quality-oriented
162．提倡创新精神：Develop Our Creative Mind
163．计算机辅助教学：CAI/Computer Assisted Instruction
164．自动取款机的利与弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the ATM
165．展望廿一世纪：Looking Forward to the 21st Century
166．盗版问题：Problem of Piracy²⁷
167．学会如何学习：Learn How to Learn
168．假文凭：Fake Diplomas
169．书的不良影响：My View on the Negative Effects of Books
170．人们为什么热衷于摸彩票？：Why Do People Like to Try Their Luck on Lottery²⁸?
171．兼职工作：My View on a Part-time Job
172．无偿献血：Blood Donation without Repayment²⁹
173．留学海外：Studying Abroad
174．发展经济还是保护环境？：Developing Economy or Protecting the Environment?
175．电子邮件：The Internet E-mail
176．拥抱知识经济的新时代：Embracing the Knowledge Economy Age
177．努力更新知识：Trying to Renew Knowledge
178．深化（中国的）改革：Deepen China’s Reform
179．因特网的利与弊：The Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet
180．我们需要因特网吗？：Do We Need Internet?
181．大学英语考试：College English Test
182．大学英语四、六级考试有必要吗？：Is the College English Test Band 4/Band 6 Necessary?
183．廿一世纪的青年人：The Youth and the 21st Century

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收听单词发音

1 arrears
n.到期未付之债，拖欠的款项；待做的工作
参考例句：
The payments on that car loan are in arrears by three months.购车贷款的偿付被拖欠了三个月。 They are urgent for payment of arrears of wages.他们催讨拖欠的工钱。

2 earnings
n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得
参考例句：
That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。 Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

3 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

4 auditing
n.审计，查账，决算
参考例句：
Auditing standards are the rules governing how an audit is performed.收支检查标准是规则统治一个稽核如何被运行。 The auditing services market is dominated by a few large accounting firms.审计服务市场被几家大型会计公司独占了。

5 reclamation
n.开垦；改造；（废料等的）回收
参考例句：
We should encourage reclamation and recycling.我们应当鼓励废物的回收和利用。 The area is needed for a land reclamation project.一个土地开垦项目要在这一地区进行。

6 fiscal
adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的
参考例句：
The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。 The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

7 sever
v.切开，割开；断绝，中断
参考例句：
She wanted to sever all her connections with the firm.她想断绝和那家公司的所有联系。 We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。

8 labor
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
参考例句：
We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。 He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

9 supervision
n.监督，管理
参考例句：
The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。 The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

10 deficit
n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差
参考例句：
The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。 We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

11 depot
n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站
参考例句：
The depot is only a few blocks from here.公共汽车站离这儿只有几个街区。 They leased the building as a depot.他们租用这栋大楼作仓库。

12 quotas
（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )；定额；指标；摊派
参考例句：
In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。 Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

13 pretenses
n.借口（pretense的复数形式）
参考例句：
They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism. 他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。来自《简明英汉词典》 He obtained money from her under false pretenses. 他巧立名目从她那儿骗钱。来自辞典例句

14 arbitrage
n.套利，套汇
参考例句：
This is an example of arbitrage.这就是套利的一个例子。 That is interest arbitrage in practice.这就是所谓的套利。

15 evasion
n.逃避，偷漏(税)
参考例句：
The movie star is in prison for tax evasion.那位影星因为逃税而坐牢。 The act was passed as a safeguard against tax evasion.这项法案旨在防止逃税行为。

16 redundant
adj.多余的，过剩的；(食物)丰富的；被解雇的
参考例句：
There are too many redundant words in this book.这本书里多余的词太多。 Nearly all the redundant worker have been absorbed into other departments.几乎所有冗员，都已调往其他部门任职。

17 cyberspace
n.虚拟信息空间，网络空间，计算机化世界
参考例句：
She travels in cyberspace by sending messages to friends around the world.她利用电子空间给世界各地的朋友们发送信件。 The teens spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.青少年花费在电脑上的时间比他们和真正的朋友及家人在一起的时间要多。

18 spouse
n.配偶(指夫或妻)
参考例句：
Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。 What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么？

19 marketing
n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西
参考例句：
They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。 He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

20 cardinal
n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的
参考例句：
This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。 The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

21 confidential
adj.秘（机）密的，表示信任的，担任机密工作的
参考例句：
He refused to allow his secretary to handle confidential letters.他不让秘书处理机密文件。 We have a confidential exchange of views.我们推心置腹地交换意见。

22 sanitary
adj.卫生方面的，卫生的，清洁的，卫生的
参考例句：
It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇接近食物是不卫生的。 The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。

23 hackers
n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”
参考例句：
They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。来自《简明英汉词典》 Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。来自互联网

24 millennium
n.一千年，千禧年；太平盛世
参考例句：
The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。 We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。

25 bug
n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器
参考例句：
There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。 The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。

26 merging
合并（分类）
参考例句：
Many companies continued to grow by merging with or buying competing firms. 许多公司通过合并或收买竞争对手的公司而不断扩大。来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件 To sequence by repeated splitting and merging. 用反复分开和合并的方法进行的排序。

27 piracy
n.海盗行为，剽窃，著作权侵害
参考例句：
The government has already adopted effective measures against piracy.政府已采取有效措施惩治盗版行为。 They made the place a notorious centre of piracy.他们把这地方变成了臭名昭著的海盗中心。

28 lottery
n.抽彩；碰运气的事，难于算计的事
参考例句：
He won no less than ￡5000 in the lottery.他居然中了5000英镑的奖券。 They thought themselves lucky in the lottery of life.他们认为自己是变幻莫测的人生中的幸运者。

29 repayment
n.偿还，偿还款；报酬
参考例句：
I am entitled to a repayment for the damaged goods.我有权利索取货物损坏赔偿金。 The tax authorities have been harrying her for repayment.税务局一直在催她补交税款。

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