| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
宗教 思想史 intellectual history ...的一个主要的部分 an integral part of... 多灾多难的 calamitous5 密教（中国佛教宗派之一） Esotericism 大乘（佛教宗派之一） Mahayana/Greater Vehicle 小乘（佛教宗派之一） Theravada/Hinayana/Lesser Vehicle 土生土长的 indigenous6 达赖 Dalai 班禅 Bainqen(Panchen) 达摩 Bodhidharma 法显 Faxian 玄奘 Xuanzang 法，即达摩，支配个人行为的宗教伦理规范 dharma 鉴真 Jianzhen 地产 landed property 养生法 regimen 默想；坐禅 meditation9 符咒 charm 咒语 spell 召唤，号召 summon 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan 征募 conscript 工匠，手工业工人 artisan 忽必烈 Kublai Khan 追随者 following 尊重；接受 honor v. [伊斯兰教、基督教]朝圣 pilgrimage 麦加（伊斯兰教圣地） Mecca 传教士 missionary13 [天主教]耶酥会会士 Jesuit 利马窦 Matteo Ricci 礼部尚书 Director of the Board of Rites14 历法 calendar-study 教团，修道会 order 使改变宗教或政治信仰、意见等 proselyte 使改变信仰；使皈依；使改信基督教 convert v. n.(皈依者，改变信仰者) 主管教区 diocese 大弥撒（有烧香、奏乐等） high mass 小弥撒（无烧香、奏乐等） low mass 教区；教区的全体居民 parish 教区居民 parishioner [集合词]教士；牧师（天主教神职人员，新教教职人员的统称） clergy16 教士，牧师 clergyman 传播福音的 evangelistic 金陵协和神学院 Nanjing Union Theological Seminary [法]规定；条款 provision 入教仪式 admittance rites 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 人民代表 deputy to the People's Congress 命运、天命 destiny 儒家思想 Confucianism 国教 state religion 教规 canon 公民有信仰宗教的自由和不信仰宗教、宣传无神论的自由。 Citizens enjoy freedom to believe in religion and freedom not to believe in religion and to propagate atheism20. 任何国家机关、社会团体和个人，不得强制公民信仰或者不信仰宗教，不得歧视信仰宗教的公民和不信仰宗教的公民。 No state organ, mass organization or individual may compel citizens to believe in, any religion; nor may they discriminate21 against citizens who believe in, or do not believe in, any religion. 国家保护正常的宗教活动。 The state protects normal religious activities. 任何人不得利用宗教进行破坏社会秩序、损害公民身体健康、妨碍国家教育制度的活动。 Nobody may make use of religion to engage in activities that disrupt public order, impair22 the health of citizens or interfere23 with the educational system of the state. 宗教团体和宗教事物不受外国势力的支配。 Religious bodies and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign domination. 宗教信仰 religious belief 宗教信仰自由 freedom of religion 有神论；有神论者 theism; theist 泛神论 pantheism 多神论；多神论者 polytheism; polytheist 一神教 monotheism 神学 theology 神学家 theologian 神权统治 thearchy 释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni 如来 Tathagata 菩萨 Bodhisattva; Buddha; Buddhist idol 观音菩萨 the Guanyin Bodhisatta; Avalokitesvara; the Goddess of Mercy 弥勒 Maitreya 安拉；真主 Allah 上帝 God, the Lord 圣父（三位一体之一者） the Father 圣子（指耶酥，三位一体之一者） the Son (of God) 圣灵（三位一体之一者） the Holy Ghost; the Holy Spirit 耶酥基督 Jesus Christ 天使 angel 魔鬼 devil 撒旦 Satan 天堂 Paradise; Heaven 阴曹 hell 圣地（指巴勒斯坦） the Holy Land 圣地（指耶路撒冷、罗马、麦加等地） the Holy City(Jerusalem, Rome, Mecca) 中国佛教协会 Chinese Buddhist Association 中国道教协会 Chinese Taoist Association 中国伊斯兰教协会 Chinese Islamic Association 中国天主教主教团 China Catholic Bishop31 College 中国天主教爱国委员会 Chinese Patriotic32 Catholic Association 中国天主教教务委员会 National Administrative33 Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church 中国天主教神哲学院 Chinese Catholic Academy of Theology and Philosophy 中国基督教三自爱国运动委员会 Chinese National Christian34 Three-self Patriotic Movement Committee 三自（自治、自养、自传）原则 the principles of self-government, self-support and self-propagation 宗教事务局 Bureau of Religious Affairs 喇嘛教 Lamaism 道教 Taoism 伊斯兰教 Islam 基督教 Christianity 天主教 Catholicism 新/耶酥教 Protestantism 东正教 Orthodox Eastern Church 希腊正教 Greek Orthodox Church 萨满教 Shamanism 宗教仪式 religious rites; ritual 洗礼 baptism 受洗 to receive baptism; to be baptized 忏悔 confession37 圣餐 Holy Communion 宗教仪式，礼拜 religious service 做礼拜 to attend religious service; to go to church 做弥撒 to attend Mass 念经 to recite/chant sutras/scriptures 念佛 to chant the name of/to pray to Buddha 烧香 to burn joss-stick(s)(before an idol); to burn incense38 主日学（星期日学校） Sunday-school; Sabbath-school 讲道 sermon 传教，传道 to preach; to deliver a sermon （基督教）传教 to do missionary work 神学院 seminary 庙宇、寺（佛、道教） temple 喇嘛庙 lamasery 寺院，修道院 monastery 庵 Buddhist nunnery （女）修道院 convent, nunnery 教堂（基督教） church 大教堂（天主教） cathedral 祭/圣坛；圣餐台 altar 圣经（基督教） the Bible 佛经（统称） Buddhist scriptures 可兰经（伊斯兰教） the Koran 基督教徒 Christian 天主教徒 Catholic 新/耶酥教徒 Protestant 佛教徒 Buddhist 拜物教；拜物教徒 fetishism; fetishist 喇嘛 lama 活佛 Living Buddha 道士 Taoist priest 道姑 Taoist nun 阿訇 ahung, imam 教士、牧师 clergyman 教皇 Pope/the Holy Father 大主教 archbishop 主教 bishop 神父/神甫（天主教） priest 修女（天主教） nun
经济
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP 产值 output value 宏观控制 exercise macro-control 优化经济结构 optimize49 the economic structure 改善经济环境 improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序 rectify51 economic order 有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation 全体会议 plenary session 解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley56 举措 move 实事求是 seek truth from facts 引进、输入 importation 和平演变 peaceful evolution 试一下 have a go (at sth.) 精华、精粹、实质 quintessence 家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises 商品经济 commodity economy 基石 cornerstone 发电量 electric energy production 有色金属 nonferrous metals 人均收入 per capita income 使负担 be saddled with 营业发达的公司 going concerns 被兼并或挤掉 annexed58 or forced out of business 善于接受的 receptive 发展过快 excessive growth 抽样调查 data from the sample survey 扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded) 实际增长率 actual growth rate 国际收支 international balance of payments 流通制度 circulation system 总工资 total wages 分配形式 forms of distribution 风险资金 risk funds 管理不善 poor management 一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points 以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义**思想、坚持改革开放 the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence60 to the socialist61 road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reform and opening. 改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。 Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system." 我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。 The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards. 社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。 The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination62 of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity. 要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。 to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations64, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence. 中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。 China needs to be vigilant65 against the Right deviation63, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation. 资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。 Socialism and capitalism66 are not distinguished67 by the proportion of planned and market economy. 随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。 As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory68 state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged. 初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。 to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy. 各尽所能，按劳/需分配。 from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs. 经济结构改革。 reform in economic structure 剩余劳动力。 经营机制 发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market 经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages71 经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation 计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation 取消国家对农产品的统购统销 to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing72 of agricultural products 改革重点转移到城市 the focus of reform is shifted to the cities 国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设 The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization73. 逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。 to modernize74 the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy. 社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。 The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people. 国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。 The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy. 国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。 The state ensures the consolidation75 and growth of the state economy. 农业 farming 畜牧业 animal husbandry 副业 sideline production 渔业 fishing 第一产业 primary industry 第二产业 secondary industry 第三产业 tertiary industry 生产资料 means of production 生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence 生产关系 relations of production 生产力 productive forces 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people 社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership 厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 合作企业 cooperative enterprise 独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
体育
用粉笔记下（分数等）；达到，得到 chalk up 出名 make one's mark 体育项目（尤指重要比赛） event 体育 PE (Physical Education) 体格、体质 physique 余的，带零头的 odd 年少者 junior 残疾人 the handicapped/disabled 学龄前儿童 preschool 全体；普通；一般 at large 平均寿命 life expectancy79 复兴 revitalize 使有系统；整理 systemize 历史悠久的 time-honored 跳板 spring-board 秋千 swing 石弓，弩 crossbow （比赛等的）观众 spectator 取得进展 make headway 体育大国/强国 sporting/sports power 与...有关系，加入 be affiliated80 to/with 落后 lag behind 五禽戏 five-animal exercises 体育运动 physical culture and sports 增强体质 to strengthen one's physique 可喜的，令人满意的 gratifying 称号，绰号 label 源源不断 a steady flow of 队伍 contingent82 又红又专/思想好，业务精 to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient83 体育界 sports circle(s) 承担义务 to undertake obligation 黑马 dark horse 冷门 an unexpected winner; dark horse 爆冷门 to produce an unexpected winner 发展体育运动，增强人民体质 Promote physical culture and build up the people's health 锻炼身体，保卫祖国 Build up a good physique to defend the country 为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland 胜不骄，败不馁 Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat. 体育道德 sportsmanship 打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play 竞技状态好 in good form 失常 to lose one's usual form 比分领先 to outscore 打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score 失利 to lose 中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委） Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission) 中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation 国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee 少年业余体育学校 youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school 辅导站 coaching center 体育中心 sports center/complex 竞赛信息中心 competition information center 运动会 sports meet; athletic meeting; games 全国运动会 National Games 世界大学生运动会 World University Games; Universiade 比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s) 国际比赛 international tournament 邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament 锦标赛 championship 东道国 host country/nation 体育场 stadium; sports field/ground 体育馆 gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium 比赛场馆 competition gymnasiums and stadiums 练习场馆 training gymnasiums 操场 playground; sports ground; drill ground 体育活动 sports/sporting activities 体育锻炼 physical training 体育锻炼标准 standard for physical training 体育疗法 physical exercise therapy; sports therapy 广播操 setting-up exercises to music 课/工间操 physical exercises during breaks 体育工作者 physical culture workers, sports organizer 运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast 观众 spectator 啦啦队 cheering-section 啦啦队长 cheer-leader 国家队 national team 种子队 seeded team 主队 home team 客队 visiting team 教练员 coach 裁判员 referee, umpire 裁判长 chief referee 团体项目 team event 单项 individual event 男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event 冠军 champion; gold medalist 全能冠军 all-round champion 亚军 running-up; second; silver medalist 第三名 third; bronze medalist 世界纪录保持者 world-record holder 运动员 athlete; sportsman 种子选手 seeded player; seed 优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete 田径运动 track and field; athletics 田赛 field events 竞赛 track events 跳高 high jump 撑杆跳高 pole jump; polevault 跳远 long/broad jump 三级跳远 hop, step and jump; triple jump 标枪 javelin throw 铅球 shot put 铁饼 discus throw 链球 hammer throw 马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race) 接力 relay race; relay 跨栏比赛 hurdles; hurdle race 竞走 walking; walking race 体操 gymnastics 自由体操 floor/free exercises 技巧运动 acrobatic gymnastics 垫上运动 mat exercises 单杠 horizontal bar 双杠 parallel bars 高低杠 uneven bars; high-low bars 吊环 rings 跳马 vaulting horse 鞍马 pommel horse 平衡木 balance beam 球类运动 ball games 足球 football; soccer 足球场 field; pitch 篮球 basketball 篮球场 basketball court 排球 volleyball 乒乓球 table tennis; ping pong 乒乓球拍 racket; bat 羽毛球运动 badminton 羽毛球 shuttlecock; shuttle 球拍 racket 网球 tennis 棒球 baseball 垒球 softball 棒/垒球场 baseball(soft ball)field/ground 手球 handball 手球场 handball field 曲棍球 hockey; field hockey 冰上运动 ice sports 冰球运动 ice hockey 冰球场 rink 冰球 puck; rubber 速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating 冰场 skating rink; ice rink 人工冰场 artificial ice stadium 滑雪 skiing 速度滑雪 cross country ski racing 高山滑雪 alpine skiing
点击  收听单词发音
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
上一篇：职衔职称的英语词汇 下一篇：常用宗教、经济、体育和教育词汇 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- 发表评论
-
- 最新评论 进入详细评论页>>
