科学家为不列颠群岛所有生命进行基因组测序_科学技术

科学家为不列颠群岛所有生命进行基因组测序

文章来源：未知文章作者：enread 发布时间：2022-11-28 05:14 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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这是生物学领域最雄心勃勃的项目之一：科学家们想为英国和爱尔兰发现的每一种有机体DNA¹测序。

The project called the Darwin Tree of Life is an immense undertaking². Scientists are collecting the DNA from every species of animal, plants and fungi³ as well as single-celled organisms called protists, found across Britain and Ireland. And their work is covering every kind of habitat from forests and grasslands⁴ to rock pools and rivers.

“达尔文生命之树” 项目是一个艰巨的任务。科学家们正从英国和爱尔兰发现的每一种动植物、真菌以及被称作 “原生生物” 的单细胞有机体中收集 DNA。他们在各类栖息地开展收集工作，从森林、草地到岩池和河流，无所不包。

The genomes are being sequenced at the Wellcome Sanger Institute with the aim of creating the ultimate genetic⁵ library of life. It will show how different species are connected to each other and offer a deeper insight into their biology. And sequencing 70,000 genomes could also help us. Scientists are on the lookout⁶ for genetic code that could help to create new antibiotics⁷ or materials, including replacements⁸ for plastic.

采得的基因组都在维康桑格研究所进行测序，目的是创建一个终极生命基因库。基因库将展示不同物种之间的联系，并让人们能更深入地了解它们的生命机理。对七万个基因组进行测序也能为我们人类提供帮助。科学家们正在寻找有助于创造新抗生素或塑料替代品等新材料的遗传密码。

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1 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句：
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。 Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

2 undertaking
n.保证，许诺，事业
参考例句：
He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。 He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

3 fungi
n.真菌，霉菌
参考例句：
Students practice to apply the study of genetics to multicellular plants and fungi.学生们练习把基因学应用到多细胞植物和真菌中。 The lawn was covered with fungi.草地上到处都是蘑菇。

4 grasslands
n.草原，牧场( grassland的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Songs were heard ringing loud and clear over the grasslands. 草原上扬起清亮激越的歌声。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》 Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat. 草原已经开垦出来，种上了小麦。来自《简明英汉词典》

5 genetic
adj.遗传的，遗传学的
参考例句：
It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。 Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

6 lookout
n.注意，前途，瞭望台
参考例句：
You can see everything around from the lookout.从了望台上你可以看清周围的一切。 It's a bad lookout for the company if interest rates don't come down.如果利率降不下来，公司的前景可就不妙了。

7 antibiotics
n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句：
the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现 The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

8 replacements
n.代替( replacement的名词复数 )；替换的人[物]；替代品；归还
参考例句：
They infiltrated behind the lines so as to annoy the emery replacements. 他们渗透敌后以便骚扰敌军的调度。来自辞典例句 For oil replacements, cheap suddenly looks less of a problem. 对于石油的替代品来说，价格变得无足轻重了。来自互联网

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