4)the admission system in US univerisities: The general standards for admission include successl completion of high school(高中毕业), high school grade point average(GPA)( 高中年纪平均积分点成绩) and class rank (在班级名次),results from standardized¹ tests such as the Scholastic² Aptitude³ Test (SIA)(学生技能测试) and American College Testing Program's(美国大学考试计划) examination. But some universities practise open admission(敞开招生): they admit all high school graduates and all residents of the state(州内所有居民) 。

 

大学的入学体系：入学的普遍标准包括中学的顺利毕业，GPA，班级名次，标准化测验的成绩就像SAT和ACTP。但是一些大学也实行开放式入学：他们允许所有中学毕业生或所有本州的所有居民。

 

The role of the community college:①they prepare students for transferring to a BA program at a four-year institution. ②they provide vocational training;③they give remedial instruction(补习课) to students. ④they offer recreational, cultural activities for adults. ⑤they absorb students in a four-year program who are not qualified⁴ into a lower-status vocational program.

 

社会学院的作用：1.为学生攻读4年制院校学士学位做准备；2.提供职业培训；3.补习指导；4.为成人提供文化娱乐活动；5.将不适应4年制学习的学生吸收到较低一级的职业培训中。

 

5) Adult education

 

some colleges and universities offer "continuing education" program of associate degrees, graduate studies or professional development.under such system,a worker may continue his study even on a part-time basis.一些学院和大学提供继续教育,授予准学士学位，研究生课程或专业培训。在这样的体制下，工人可以在业余时间继续其学业。

 

6)Education reform in the 1980s and early 1990s.教育改革

 

①"a Nation At Risk" report in 1983 put forward five proposals(P.328) to improve American education;the education reforms had two focuses: the raising of the standards of teaching and learning; the restructuring of the schools.1983年，一篇名为〈处于危机中的国家〉的报道，提出了5条建议改善美国的教育；教育改革有两个重点：提高教学水平，调整学校结构。

 

②in 1991,President Bush issued his plan "America 2000: An Education Strategy". It set six goals(P.330) and put forward a series of proposals to help carry out some of the goals.

1991年，布什总统公布了他的〈2000年的美国：一项教育策略〉计划。确定了6个目标和有效达到这一目标的一系列建议。

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