2006年英语专业四级模拟考试试题
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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS

—GRADE FOUR—

TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN.

PART I DICTATION [15MIN.]

Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals1 of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more..

Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [15MIN.] (略)

In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.

 

SECTION A CONVERSATIONS

In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

SECTION B PASSAGES

In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

SECTION C NEWS BROAOCAST

In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

 

PART III CLOZE [15 MIN.]

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.

Interpersonal communication is your __________(1) interaction with others. Talking to a friend on campus, chatting to a friend on campus, chatting on the phone with a classmate about an __________(2) test, arguing the___________________(3) of a movie with friends, discussing strategies for accomplishing tasks __________(4), interviewing for a job, and planning the future __________(5) a loved one are all forms of interpersonal communication.

Effective interpersonal communication ___________(6) our sensitivity to others and to the situation. One goal of effective interpersonal communication is to maintain relationships, and forming __________(7) messages that accurately2 convey our ideas and feelings __________(8) not offending the other person is key __________(9) our success.

Effective interpersonal communication ___________(10) us. People who can clearly express their ideas, beliefs, and opinions become influential3 and ___________(11) control over what happens to them and to others that they __________(12). When we accurately and precisely4 __________(13) our thoughts, others gain a better __________(14) for our position. Their understanding and appreciation5 make it more likely that they will respond in __________(15) that are consistent with our needs.

Effective interpersonal communication helps us manage the __________(16) we create. Presenting ourselves in such a way that others will______________(17) and trust us is important in both public and private __________(18)—whether we’re communicating in a professional setting, __________(19) our interpersonal skills are vital to getting a job, holding a position, or rising in an organization, or in a private setting where we’re trying to __________(20) and maintain relationships.

 

31. [A] familiar [B] informal [C] intimate [D] close

32. [A] upcoming [B] final [C] mid-term [D] intermediate

33. [A] advances [B] strength [C] population [D] fondness

34. [A] at work [B] in work [C] under work [D] over work

35. [A] for [B] with [C] over [D] to

36. [A] describes [B] conveys [C] portrays6 [D] betrays

37. [A] sound [B] directory [C] diction [D] verbal

38. [A] if [B] when [C] while [D] as

39. [A] to [B] of [C] for [D] in

40. [A] empowers [B] reinforces [C] supports [D] sustains

41. [A] exhaust [B] exert [C] affect [D] enact7

42. [A] care about [B] care for [C] care with [D] take to

43. [A] interpret [B] decipher [C] encode [D] decode8

44. [A] assessment9 [B] evaluation10 [C] appreciation [D] appraisal11

45. [A] approaches [B] methods [C] ways [D] ends

46. [A] impressions [B] practices [C] things [D] experiences

47. [A] respect [B] despise [C] mock [D] sneer12 at

48. [A] settings [B] locations [C] situations [D] circumstances

49. [A] when [B] where [C] how [D] if

50. [A] work [B] build [C] keep [D] retain

Part IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN.]

There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

Mark your answers on your answer sheet.

51. Simple ________ the cartoon is, the meaning it conveys is deep and thought-provoking.

A. until B. as C. much D. despite

52. It’s reasonable to imagine that prehistoric13 people _____________________ a simple life.

A. would have lived B. needed to have lived

C. must have lived D. ought to have lived

53. It is high time the country _______________ its political bands that have connected it with its neighboring country.

A. dissolved B. resolved C. scattered14 D. determined15

54. They are given some rights that the Laws of Nature ________________ them.

A. confirm B. deserve C. entitle D. discharge

55. The Declaration of Independence says “We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created ______________.”

A. to become equal B. equal C. equally D. being equal

56. Lincoln says in his famous speech that “the government of the people, by the people and for the people shall never ________________ from the earth.”

A. expire B. inspire C. perish D. repel16

57. The girl was __________________ in Africa and was born in America.

A. conceived B. pregnant C. educated D. baptized

58. The word “renaissance” was ____________________ from Latin meaning “rebirth”.

A. come B. derived17 C. originated D. descended18

59. They flunked19 the exam _____________ because they failed to prepare for it.

A. extremely B. largely C. trivially D. radically20

60. As a proverb goes, “more __________, less speed.”

A. haste B. hurry C. promptness D. anxiety

61. The road to the school was flooded yesterday. Let’s make a ________.

A. deviation21 B. digression C. detour22 D. departure

62. Do you think it is late to ________________ on a new career?

A. disembark B. embark23 C. remark D. assume

63. The baby cried hard because his hand was _______________ by the cat.

A. bruised24 B. scratched C. panted D. blurred25

64. Blood _______________ slowly down his cheek.

A. trickled26 B. ticked C. leaked D. simmered

65. The professor paused, as if ________________what he said.

A. emphasize B. to emphasize C. being emphasized D. to be emphasized

66. We rushed to the station, ___________ to find that the train had already left.

A. just B. once C. only D. much as

67. _________________ John Kennedy put it, “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

A. Which B. As C. While D. What

68. The scientist ______________ his success to his diligence and good luck.

A. contributed B. attributed C. distributed D. obliged

69. The child has been _________ by his parents who allow him to do anything he likes.

A. spoiled B. ruined C. destroyed D. blamed

70. John failed his chemistry exam ______________his teacher’s assistance.

A. despite of B. regardless of C. for all D. in spite

71. Fortunately, the disabled boy was ______________ with some talent for languages.

A. endowed B. entitled C. granted D. admitted

72. They are ordered to be present at the important meeting, _______________.

A. rain or shine B. more or less C. sooner or later D. for good

73. It was the last _______________ that broke the camel’s back.

A. brick B. straw C. candle D. whip )

74. I cannot produce a meal at such short _______.

A. report B. schedule C. warning D. notice

75. _____________she arrived home, she set about preparing a meal.

A. Immediately B. Simultaneously27 C. Presumably D. Efficiently28

76. A lady _______________have too many hats.

A. may B. cannot C. should not D. might not

77. The couple promise to stick to each other ___________ thick and thin.

A. through B. between C. by means of D. vie

78. Rumor29 _____________ that the lady was murdered by her husband.

A. says it B. has it C. spreads D. circulates

79. The doctor prescribed some painkillers30 for his ______________ headache.

A. splitting B. cracking C. leaking D. sinking

80. It’s not easy for a layman31 to _______________ the minute difference between the two terminologies32.

A. describe B. discern C. locate D. discover

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25MIN.]

In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Mark your answers on your answer sheet.

Text A

Intelligence tests have been involved in the promotion33 of eugenics, the idea that you could control the human race by selective breeding. Francis Galton - one of the pioneers of intelligence tests - was also a founding member of the Eugenics Society in the UK. The belief that intelligence is biologically determined in the make-up of the brain, and therefore to some extent genetically36 determined, is widely accepted. But a number of researchers over the years have used this idea to advocate social change. Using intelligence as one of their factors, Hernstein and Murray's controversial book, The Bell Curve (1994) argued that differences in IQ scores between racial groups reflect innate37 biological differences.

The Bell Curve is a graph that plots the range of IQ scores of an average population. However, it can be interpreted in many ways, and when the intelligence of the whole human race is in question, the stakes are high. Critics argue that the way intelligence is measured contains a high level of random38 variation and therefore it's impossible to generalize it all into one graph. However, belief in the Bell Curve and in the genetic35, rather than social, basis for intelligence has unfortunately led to the propagation of many racist39 ideas. Evidence to suggest social factors are important in 'intelligence' is strong. The US military tested recruits to assign rank and found that black applicants40 scored lower than whites. However, analysis of the recruits were found to be due to educational differences; black recruits scored very low until the 1950s, when an increase in score corresponded to improved educational standards for all.

In spring 1998, Robert Plomin claimed to have discovered a gene34 linked with intelligence. More recently, the Human Genome Project is cautious when approaching areas implying racial differences since research actually shows greater genetic differences within races than between races. However, not all individuals are endowed with the same intelligence and many believe this must have something to do with our genes41 and the way they interact with the environment. Identical twins are more likely to obtain the same score in an IQ test than twins from two separate eggs that have a different genetic make up.

It is important to remember that genes work by interacting with the environment, so social factors will also influence intelligence. Intelligence tests may be more of an assessment of social factors, such as your educational background. Black children adopted into white middle class families score significantly higher on average than those in working class families- implying a cultural slant43 to tests. It is impossible to devise questions without some cultural or gender44 bias45; boys tend to do better in spatial46 tests whereas girls score higher on linguistic47 tests. Better schooling48, parenting and increased leisure time for activities are believed to have influenced improved IQ scores across the board. Good nutrition means an individual is able to function well both physically49 and mentally. Although many believe this plays a role in intelligence, it is very difficult to assess.

81. What is the text mainly about?

[A]The book of The Bell Curve

[B]factors that determine or influence intelligence

[C]IQ intelligence tests

[D]racial difference and racialism

 

82. According to paragraph 1, it is widely believed that___.

[A]The human race would be under control through different ways of upbringing .

[B]Intelligence is closely related to genes in some degree.

[C]Biological differences contribute a lot to different IQ scores between races.

[D]Eugenics employ IQ tests to promote eugenics.

 

83. The graph in the book of Bell Curve ____.

[A]introduce genetic factors as well as social ones in intelligence.

[B]is criticized by critics as unscientific and incomprehensive.

[C]is obviously meant to advocate racist ideas.

[D]strong evidence used by US military in analyzing50 recruits .

 

84.Which of the following is untrue according to the text?

[A]Racists employ the idea of genetic determination in intelligence to propagate racialism.

[B]According to the US military analysis, differences in IQ tests scores are caused by genetic factors.

[C]Blacks may be more genetically different between themselves than compared with whites.

[D]It is believed by many people that intelligence is related to our genes and their interaction with social factors.

Text B

It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage. “That may seem like bad news,” said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry51 and neurology at Henry Ford52 Health System in Detroit. However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down. The study is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the “reserve” hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators53 have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive54 reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.

Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal. “Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage,” Coffey said. “People lose 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood55.” There is, however, a “remarkable range” of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted56. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes57 and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood. In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss. Coffey and colleagues gauged58 shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.

Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. For example, Coffey’s team reported, among subjects of the same sex and similar age and skull59 size, those with 16 years of education had 8 to 10 percent more cerebrospinal fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling. Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive60 measure of someone’s mental capacity. And, said Coffey, education can be “a proxy61 for many things”. More-educated people, he noted, are often less likely to have habits, such as smoking, that harm overall health.

But, Coffey said that people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing themselves to new experiences. Traveling is one way to stimulate62 the brain, and a less adventuresome way is to do crossword63 puzzles.

85.We can know from the first paragraph that___.

[A]Brains of the more-educated people may become more contracted when they get aged64.

[B]Education may do harm to people’s brains.

[C]More educated people may suffer from brain tissue loss.

[D]The less educated can resort to more cognitive reserves when aged.

 

86. According to the second paragraph, it can be found by researchers that______.

[A]Only educated people suffer from brain shrinkage.

[B]The more the brain shrinks, the more abnormal people’s cognition and memory become.

[C] People might loss no mentality65 even with brain shrinkage.

[D] No brain-tissue loss will be induced by indulgence in alcohol

 

87. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text as one of the factors that may influence brain shrinkage?

[A]indulgence in drinking

[B]education

[C]emotional fluctuations66

[D]hypertension

88. The text informs us that_____.

[A]Mental capacity is surely measured by education level.

[B]More-educated people never develop habits harmful to health

[C]People should keeping stimulating67 the brain to bear more brain-tissue loss.

[D]We should take less adventuresome way to stimulate the brain.

Text C

Noah’s ark has set sail again. Unlike the Old Testament68 vessel69, however, today’s metaphorical70 ark is not carrying threatened animals two by two to safety. Rather, if it lives up to its billing, it could produce potentially unlimited71 numbers of endangered creatures. In the updated story, though, Noah is not the skipper of the rescue project. Instead, it’s the name given in advance to the clone of a dead gaur, an endangered wild ox found in Southeast Asia. The new Noah is expected to be born any day now to Bessie, a cow living on a farm near Sioux City, Iowa. Cows have given birth to gaurs before, but this is the first time that one animal species is acting42 as surrogate mother to a clone—an exact genetic duplicate—of a different species. ACT (Advanced Cell Technologies), a small biotechnology company based in Worcester, Mass. is using a novel technique that could usher72 in what it sees as a new era in conservation.

Bessie’s ultrasound tests may look good, but is the concept itself a sound one? ACT’s vice73 president says the technique is not a panacea74 but “present exciting possibilities” that may help rescue endangered species and perhaps even reverse extinction75. Other scientists aren’t sure. They argue that such high-tech76 approaches are unlikely to make a significant contribution to the support of vulnerable species, especially if their habitats have been destroyed. Moreover, some wildlife researchers express doubts about the project’s conservation claims and think the wrong message is being sent. “We do not believe that cloning has any relevance77 to the routine management and conservation of endangered species,” said David Wilds, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian Institution’s Conservation center in Front Royal, Va. Instead, Wilds favors low-tech methods, like the artificial insemination used to breed to the endangered black-footed ferret, which is now being reintroduced to the American West.

Helping78 animals into the future is a priority for the world’s wildlife researchers as an ever growing number of species become imperiled each year. Oliver Ryder, a geneticist at the San Diego Zoo’s Center, is the driving force behind a 25-year effort to assemble a bank of frozen DNA79, eggs and sperm80 from endangered species. Under his direction, the frozen zoo now has living cells from 5,400 spanning more than 400 species and subspecies, cultured and frozen in liquid nitrogen.

After years of watching one species after another become extinct, researchers are sounding optimistic. “We don’t have the right to do nothing,” says Mauget, who predicts that interzoo exchanges of sperm to the four corners of the earth.” Meanwhile, in a corner of Iowa, another kind of delivery is awaited.

 

Text D

Controversy81 has been raging for a long time between those who favor a “soft” approach and those who favor a “hard” approach to punishing criminals. But much of what actually happens in the legal system combines the worst features of both approaches.

The basic problem is that the law hands out penalties in installment82. The first installment is likely to be turning the criminal loose after some sociological mumbo jumbo about “rehabilitation” or “community” release. The young offender83, especially, is likely to get the idea that the law is a paper tiger that can be defied and mocked. As he continues down the same road, the law slowly begins to act, sometimes only after many arrests and convictions. But just as the law is slow to start punishing, it is slow to stop. Installments84 keep coming long after the criminal has stopped raising hell and may be trying to settle down to raise a family. A prison record dogs him wherever he goes, cutting off his opportunities, making him a social pariah85 and generally painting him into a corner. Would it not have been more humane86, as well as more effective, to have given the young offender a quick rap across the knuckles87, to let him know the law means business? The ever more elaborate “rights” and “due process” which encircle the criminal have been criticized as unfair to the victim or to society. They may also be unfair to the criminal, especially the young offender who is repeatedly misled into believing that the law has no real teeth. By the time those teeth are finally sunk into him, it may be too late for him and too late for his victims.

The soft-liners and the hard-liners both contribute to this tragic88 situation. The soft-liners dress up their indecision and cop-outs as deeper insight into the social causes of crime. Being poor, underprivileged, and discriminated89 against are supposed to cause crime. The hard-liners contribute to the problem by refusing to do anything about impossible prison conditions. Even a judge who has both feet on the ground and has the guts90 to enforce the law is going to hesitate to send a young man with a minor91 offense92 to an overcrowded prison snakepit, where he is likely to be terrorized and gang-raped.

It will cost hard cash to maintain enough prison capacity to eliminate overcrowding and the breakdown93 of internal prison discipline that goes with it. It will cost tax dollars to hire the quantity and quality of guards needed to put the prison population under control of the authorities instead of under the prison terrorists. This isn’t coddling criminals. This is protecting society. At the very least, it means giving the judge a place where he can send a young offender for a minor punishment rather than a dehumanizing trauma94. Right now, there is nothing much in between letting him go scot-free and letting him be devastated95 as a human being.

93. What’s the main idea of the text?

[A] “soft” and “hard” approaches

[B] problem of the legal system in punishing criminals

[C] the features of the legal system

[D] the process how criminals are punished

 

94. What does the author convey in paragraph 2?

[A]It is humane for the law to punish criminals by stages.

[B]Criminals would suffer from incessant96 and gradually severe punishes.

[C]The law punishes criminals step by step to relieve them of severity.

[D]Criminals are penalized97 in due process.

 

95. It is inferred from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 that_____.

[A]A prison record deprives opportunities of a criminal .

[B]The legal system is also a cause of crimes

[C]The punishing process is of avail both to criminals and victims.

[D]The hard-liners advocate the improvement of prison conditions.

 

96. Which does the author mainly think of the soft-liners?

[A]courageous and enterprising

[B] realistic and sensible

[C]irresponsible and irresolute98

[D]considerate and compassionate99

Text E

Taking a cue from the history of how previous universal technologies diffused100, it is not far fetched to expect that the Internet will gradually reorganize the way we produce and consume. Like the forty-year sojourn101 before the electric motor found full fruition by not only making possible but also boosting the productivity of modern mass-production factories and mass-consumption appliances, there are likely to be many ingrained methods, tacit and explicit102 ways of doing business and conducting daily life that risk being swept away.

If the Internet is to have such a pervasive103 impact over the next two decades it will probably be largely due to the lower cost of doing all kinds of business in cyberspace104. It is widely expected that in most markets including those for goods, services, finance, and labour, the efficiency of information sharing, the lifeblood of market transactions, will improve in four ways: greater coverage105 as more people will have access to more information; greater speed of information acquisition allowing less planned, more spontaneous searches; less time specific, since searches can be done at anytime; and less geographically107 bounded, since the information flows from anywhere the Internet can reach. Should the Internet achieve these objectives and become an accessible index of much of human knowledge, then the ratio of cost to a given quality of information will fall, potentially very significantly.

Direct, accurate and fast Internet based access to suppliers of labour, services, financing and commodities, is likely to offer both producers and consumers an opportunity to diversify108 and deepen their market relationships with a lower risk of incurring109 excessive search costs or error. For many analysts110 this portends111 a disassembling of many functions formerly112 bound together by the lower costs of information arising in a centralized head office or wholesale113 distributor. With the more advanced infrastructure114 of the Internet it should be feasible to take a more direct, flexible and even spontaneous approach to organizing the inputs115 needed to produce goods and services as well as the purchasing of all manner of consumer items.

In this view, the centralized, multi-functional enterprises and distribution systems of today will dissolve into component116 parts, hooked into a vast and more efficient web of suppliers and consumers. Inventing products as well as selling them could reverse direction, as consumers generate the custom specifications117 they desire and then seek out competent producers and even other buyers. Instead of today's aggressive distribution and marketing118 where the vendor119 pursues the consumer, the Internet might usher in a world where consumers solicit120 bids or send out queries121 aimed at fulfilling their needs at the lowest price. Participants across a wide range of different types of transaction could also become much less anonymous122 to one another as vast databases, and virtual reality unveil exchange relationships once shrouded123 by the limited availability of information on price, quality and past buyer's experiences. Such a massive redistribution of the roles that currently characterize the basic structure of exchange relationships will also provoke changes in how competition is assured.

 

97. It cannot be inferred from the first paragraph that

[A]electric motor stimulates124 the growth of productivity.

[B]we can learn from history of the future trend.

[C]our daily life mode are at risk now.

[D]internet will bring about unexpected changes.

98. what is the main reason, according to the text, for the Internet's widespread influence in the future?

[A]it can attract people's attention so they will buy things through the network.

[B]it can make people share information and enjoy boundless125 communication.

[C]it can provide a platform for people to get in touch with strangers.

[D]it can reduce cost for various business if they are put on line.

 

99. When the author uses the phrase "less geographically bounded" (line 7, paragraph 2), he probably means that

[A]people can get information with no geographical106 concerns.

[B]people will have more geografic information on things they concern.

[C]people will be less affected126 by geographical factors.

[D]people will enjoy the boundless freedom in term of geology.

 

100. which of the following statements will the author most probably disagree?

[A]Internet buying will change the way people do business.

[B]:limited information has been uncovered by virtue127 reality.

[C]large enterprises will be just a link in the future exchange network.

[D]wide application of Internet will lower the cost.

PART VI WRITING

SECTION A COMPOITION [35 MIN]

The students’ Union of your university is planning to hold an arts festival next semester, and they are inviting128 students to contribute their ideas and suggestions as to how it should be organized or what should be included.

Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.”

Do you agree or disagree with the quotation129 above?

Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

HARD WORK OR GOOD LUCK

You are to write in three paragraphs.

In the first paragraph, state clearly what your view is.

In the second paragraph, support your views in details.(examples)

In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

 

SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN.]

Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following

situation:

Your fellow classmate Yang Ling has a terrible disease and needs financial support. Write an appeal to ask students to donate money to help her.

Marks will be awarded for content,organization,grammar and appropriateness.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 intervals f46c9d8b430e8c86dea610ec56b7cbef     
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
参考例句:
  • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
  • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
2 accurately oJHyf     
adv.准确地,精确地
参考例句:
  • It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
  • Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。
3 influential l7oxK     
adj.有影响的,有权势的
参考例句:
  • He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
  • He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。
4 precisely zlWzUb     
adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地
参考例句:
  • It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
  • The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。
5 appreciation Pv9zs     
n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨
参考例句:
  • I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
  • I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。
6 portrays e91d23abfcd9e0ee71757456ac840010     
v.画像( portray的第三人称单数 );描述;描绘;描画
参考例句:
  • The museum collection vividly portrays the heritage of 200 years of canals. 博物馆的藏品让运河200 年的历史再现眼前。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The film portrays Gandhi as a kind of superman. 这部电影把甘地描绘成一个超人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 enact tjEz0     
vt.制定(法律);上演,扮演
参考例句:
  • The U.S. Congress has exclusive authority to enact federal legislation.美国国会是唯一有权颁布联邦法律的。
  • For example,a country can enact laws and economic policies to attract foreign investment fairly quickly.例如一个国家可以很快颁布吸引外资的法令和经济政策。
8 decode WxYxg     
vt.译(码),解(码)
参考例句:
  • All he had to do was decode it and pass it over.他需要做的就是将它破译然后转给他人。
  • The secret documents were intercepted and decoded.机密文件遭截获并被破译。
9 assessment vO7yu     
n.评价;评估;对财产的估价,被估定的金额
参考例句:
  • This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
  • What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何?
10 evaluation onFxd     
n.估价,评价;赋值
参考例句:
  • I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
  • The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。
11 appraisal hvFzt     
n.对…作出的评价;评价,鉴定,评估
参考例句:
  • What's your appraisal of the situation?你对局势是如何评估的?
  • We need to make a proper appraisal of his work.对于他的工作我们需要做出适当的评价。
12 sneer YFdzu     
v.轻蔑;嘲笑;n.嘲笑,讥讽的言语
参考例句:
  • He said with a sneer.他的话中带有嘲笑之意。
  • You may sneer,but a lot of people like this kind of music.你可以嗤之以鼻,但很多人喜欢这种音乐。
13 prehistoric sPVxQ     
adj.(有记载的)历史以前的,史前的,古老的
参考例句:
  • They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
  • It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。
14 scattered 7jgzKF     
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的
参考例句:
  • Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来,塞进文件夹里。
15 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
16 repel 1BHzf     
v.击退,抵制,拒绝,排斥
参考例句:
  • A country must have the will to repel any invader.一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
  • Particles with similar electric charges repel each other.电荷同性的分子互相排斥。
17 derived 6cddb7353e699051a384686b6b3ff1e2     
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
参考例句:
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 descended guQzoy     
a.为...后裔的,出身于...的
参考例句:
  • A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
  • The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。
19 flunked 22d4851a3e2958f8b24bdb0b15e15314     
v.( flunk的过去式和过去分词 );(使)(考试、某学科的成绩等)不及格;评定(某人)不及格;(因不及格而) 退学
参考例句:
  • I flunked math in second grade. 我二年级时数学不及格。
  • He flunked out (of college) last year. 他去年(从大学)退学了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
20 radically ITQxu     
ad.根本地,本质地
参考例句:
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
21 deviation Ll0zv     
n.背离,偏离;偏差,偏向;离题
参考例句:
  • Deviation from this rule are very rare.很少有违反这条规则的。
  • Any deviation from the party's faith is seen as betrayal.任何对党的信仰的偏离被视作背叛。
22 detour blSzz     
n.绕行的路,迂回路;v.迂回,绕道
参考例句:
  • We made a detour to avoid the heavy traffic.我们绕道走,避开繁忙的交通。
  • He did not take the direct route to his home,but made a detour around the outskirts of the city.他没有直接回家,而是绕到市郊兜了个圈子。
23 embark qZKzC     
vi.乘船,着手,从事,上飞机
参考例句:
  • He is about to embark on a new business venture.他就要开始新的商业冒险活动。
  • Many people embark for Europe at New York harbor.许多人在纽约港乘船去欧洲。
24 bruised 5xKz2P     
[医]青肿的,瘀紫的
参考例句:
  • his bruised and bloodied nose 他沾满血的青肿的鼻子
  • She had slipped and badly bruised her face. 她滑了一跤,摔得鼻青脸肿。
25 blurred blurred     
v.(使)变模糊( blur的过去式和过去分词 );(使)难以区分;模模糊糊;迷离
参考例句:
  • She suffered from dizziness and blurred vision. 她饱受头晕目眩之苦。
  • Their lazy, blurred voices fell pleasantly on his ears. 他们那种慢吞吞、含糊不清的声音在他听起来却很悦耳。 来自《简明英汉词典》
26 trickled 636e70f14e72db3fe208736cb0b4e651     
v.滴( trickle的过去式和过去分词 );淌;使)慢慢走;缓慢移动
参考例句:
  • Blood trickled down his face. 血从他脸上一滴滴流下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The tears trickled down her cheeks. 热泪一滴滴从她脸颊上滚下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
27 simultaneously 4iBz1o     
adv.同时发生地,同时进行地
参考例句:
  • The radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。
  • The Windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.Windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。
28 efficiently ZuTzXQ     
adv.高效率地,有能力地
参考例句:
  • The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
  • Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
29 rumor qS0zZ     
n.谣言,谣传,传说
参考例句:
  • The rumor has been traced back to a bad man.那谣言经追查是个坏人造的。
  • The rumor has taken air.谣言流传开了。
30 painkillers 1a67b54ddb73ea8c08a4e55aa1847a55     
n.止痛药( painkiller的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. 医生给了他一些止疼片以减缓疼痛。 来自辞典例句
  • The primary painkillers - opiates, like OxyContin - are widely feared, misunderstood and underused. 人们对主要的镇痛药——如鸦片剂奥施康定——存在广泛的恐惧、误解,因此没有充分利用。 来自时文部分
31 layman T3wy6     
n.俗人,门外汉,凡人
参考例句:
  • These technical terms are difficult for the layman to understand.这些专门术语是外行人难以理解的。
  • He is a layman in politics.他对政治是个门外汉。
32 terminologies 7485853ae252bf274d5db60eea72c325     
专门用语( terminology的名词复数 ); 术语; 术语学; 术语的正确使用
参考例句:
  • In fact, a lot of temperament terminologies being used are used inappropriately. 事实上,许多有关于描述性情的术语都使用地不恰当。
  • No definition of terminologies: parthenogenetic reproduction technique, gene modification technique. 对重要术语没有定义:如单性生殖技术、基因修饰技术等。
33 promotion eRLxn     
n.提升,晋级;促销,宣传
参考例句:
  • The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
  • The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级,加了薪。
34 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
35 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
36 genetically Lgixo     
adv.遗传上
参考例句:
  • All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
  • Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物
37 innate xbxzC     
adj.天生的,固有的,天赋的
参考例句:
  • You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
  • Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。
38 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
39 racist GSRxZ     
n.种族主义者,种族主义分子
参考例句:
  • a series of racist attacks 一连串的种族袭击行为
  • His speech presented racist ideas under the guise of nationalism. 他的讲话以民族主义为幌子宣扬种族主义思想。
40 applicants aaea8e805a118b90e86f7044ecfb6d59     
申请人,求职人( applicant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
  • He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。
41 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
42 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
43 slant TEYzF     
v.倾斜,倾向性地编写或报道;n.斜面,倾向
参考例句:
  • The lines are drawn on a slant.这些线条被画成斜线。
  • The editorial had an antiunion slant.这篇社论有一种反工会的倾向。
44 gender slSyD     
n.(生理上的)性,(名词、代词等的)性
参考例句:
  • French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语,所有的名词都有性。
  • Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。
45 bias 0QByQ     
n.偏见,偏心,偏袒;vt.使有偏见
参考例句:
  • They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
  • He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。
46 spatial gvcww     
adj.空间的,占据空间的
参考例句:
  • This part of brain judges the spatial relationship between objects.大脑的这部分判断物体间的空间关系。
  • They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
47 linguistic k0zxn     
adj.语言的,语言学的
参考例句:
  • She is pursuing her linguistic researches.她在从事语言学的研究。
  • The ability to write is a supreme test of linguistic competence.写作能力是对语言能力的最高形式的测试。
48 schooling AjAzM6     
n.教育;正规学校教育
参考例句:
  • A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
  • Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。
49 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
50 analyzing be408cc8d92ec310bb6260bc127c162b     
v.分析;分析( analyze的现在分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析n.分析
参考例句:
  • Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s. 分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据,暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来自辞典例句
  • He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions. 当然,他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句
51 psychiatry g0Jze     
n.精神病学,精神病疗法
参考例句:
  • The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
  • A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。
52 Ford KiIxx     
n.浅滩,水浅可涉处;v.涉水,涉过
参考例句:
  • They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上,所以我们只能涉水过河。
  • If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪,必须极度小心。
53 investigators e970f9140785518a87fc81641b7c89f7     
n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
  • The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
54 cognitive Uqwz0     
adj.认知的,认识的,有感知的
参考例句:
  • As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大,他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
  • The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。
55 adulthood vKsyr     
n.成年,成人期
参考例句:
  • Some infantile actions survive into adulthood.某些婴儿期的行为一直保持到成年期。
  • Few people nowadays are able to maintain friendships into adulthood.如今很少有人能将友谊维持到成年。
56 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
57 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
58 gauged 6f854687622bacc0cb4b24ec967e9983     
adj.校准的;标准的;量规的;量计的v.(用仪器)测量( gauge的过去式和过去分词 );估计;计量;划分
参考例句:
  • He picked up the calipers and gauged carefully. 他拿起卡钳仔细测量。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Distance is gauged by journey time rather than miles. 距离以行程时间而非英里数来计算。 来自辞典例句
59 skull CETyO     
n.头骨;颅骨
参考例句:
  • The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
  • He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去,跌裂了颅骨。
60 definitive YxSxF     
adj.确切的,权威性的;最后的,决定性的
参考例句:
  • This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
  • No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样,还没有人给出明确的答复。
61 proxy yRXxN     
n.代理权,代表权;(对代理人的)委托书;代理人
参考例句:
  • You may appoint a proxy to vote for you.你可以委托他人代你投票。
  • We enclose a form of proxy for use at the Annual General Meeting.我们附上委任年度大会代表的表格。
62 stimulate wuSwL     
vt.刺激,使兴奋;激励,使…振奋
参考例句:
  • Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
  • Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。
63 crossword VvOzBj     
n.纵横字谜,纵横填字游戏
参考例句:
  • He shows a great interest in crossword puzzles.他对填字游戏表现出很大兴趣。
  • Don't chuck yesterday's paper out.I still haven't done the crossword.别扔了昨天的报纸,我还没做字谜游戏呢。
64 aged 6zWzdI     
adj.年老的,陈年的
参考例句:
  • He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了,也老点了。
  • He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老,然而记忆力还好。
65 mentality PoIzHP     
n.心理,思想,脑力
参考例句:
  • He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
  • Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。
66 fluctuations 5ffd9bfff797526ec241b97cfb872d61     
波动,涨落,起伏( fluctuation的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table. 他用统计表显示价格的波动。
  • There were so many unpredictable fluctuations on the Stock Exchange. 股票市场瞬息万变。
67 stimulating ShBz7A     
adj.有启发性的,能激发人思考的
参考例句:
  • shower gel containing plant extracts that have a stimulating effect on the skin 含有对皮肤有益的植物精华的沐浴凝胶
  • This is a drug for stimulating nerves. 这是一种兴奋剂。
68 testament yyEzf     
n.遗嘱;证明
参考例句:
  • This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。
  • It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明,编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。
69 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管
参考例句:
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
70 metaphorical OotzLw     
a.隐喻的,比喻的
参考例句:
  • Here, then, we have a metaphorical substitution on a metonymic axis. 这样,我们在换喻(者翻译为转喻,一种以部分代替整体的修辞方法)上就有了一个隐喻的替代。
  • So, in a metaphorical sense, entropy is arrow of time. 所以说,我们可以这样作个比喻:熵像是时间之矢。
71 unlimited MKbzB     
adj.无限的,不受控制的,无条件的
参考例句:
  • They flew over the unlimited reaches of the Arctic.他们飞过了茫茫无边的北极上空。
  • There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris.在技术方面自以为是会很危险。
72 usher sK2zJ     
n.带位员,招待员;vt.引导,护送;vi.做招待,担任引座员
参考例句:
  • The usher seated us in the front row.引座员让我们在前排就座。
  • They were quickly ushered away.他们被迅速领开。
73 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
74 panacea 64RzA     
n.万灵药;治百病的灵药
参考例句:
  • Western aid may help but will not be a panacea. 西方援助可能会有所帮助,但并非灵丹妙药。
  • There's no single panacea for the country's economic ills. 国家经济弊病百出,并无万灵药可以医治。
75 extinction sPwzP     
n.熄灭,消亡,消灭,灭绝,绝种
参考例句:
  • The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
  • The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。
76 high-tech high-tech     
adj.高科技的
参考例句:
  • The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展,这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
  • The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。
77 relevance gVAxg     
n.中肯,适当,关联,相关性
参考例句:
  • Politicians' private lives have no relevance to their public roles.政治家的私生活与他们的公众角色不相关。
  • Her ideas have lost all relevance to the modern world.她的想法与现代社会完全脱节。
78 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
79 DNA 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句:
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
80 sperm jFOzO     
n.精子,精液
参考例句:
  • Only one sperm fertilises an egg.只有一个精子使卵子受精。
  • In human reproduction,one female egg is usually fertilized by one sperm.在人体生殖过程中,一个精子使一个卵子受精。
81 controversy 6Z9y0     
n.争论,辩论,争吵
参考例句:
  • That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
  • We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。
82 installment 96TxL     
n.(instalment)分期付款;(连载的)一期
参考例句:
  • I shall soon pay the last installment of my debt.不久我将偿付我的最后一期债款。
  • He likes to buy things on the installment plan.他喜欢用分期付款法购买货物。
83 offender ZmYzse     
n.冒犯者,违反者,犯罪者
参考例句:
  • They all sued out a pardon for an offender.他们请求法院赦免一名罪犯。
  • The authorities often know that sex offenders will attack again when they are released.当局一般都知道性犯罪者在获释后往往会再次犯案。
84 installments 7d41ca7af6f495d8e3432f8a4544f253     
部分( installment的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The first two installments were pretty close together in 1980. 第一次和节二次提款隔得很近,都是在1980年提的。
  • You have an installments sales contract. 你已经订立了一份分期付款的买卖契约了。
85 pariah tSUzv     
n.被社会抛弃者
参考例句:
  • Shortly Tom came upon the juvenile pariah of the village.不一会儿,汤姆碰上了村里的少年弃儿。
  • His landlady had treated him like a dangerous criminal,a pariah.房东太太对待他就像对待危险的罪犯、对待社会弃儿一样。
86 humane Uymy0     
adj.人道的,富有同情心的
参考例句:
  • Is it humane to kill animals for food?宰杀牲畜来吃合乎人道吗?
  • Their aim is for a more just and humane society.他们的目标是建立一个更加公正、博爱的社会。
87 knuckles c726698620762d88f738be4a294fae79     
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
参考例句:
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
88 tragic inaw2     
adj.悲剧的,悲剧性的,悲惨的
参考例句:
  • The effect of the pollution on the beaches is absolutely tragic.污染海滩后果可悲。
  • Charles was a man doomed to tragic issues.查理是个注定不得善终的人。
89 discriminated 94ae098f37db4e0c2240e83d29b5005a     
分别,辨别,区分( discriminate的过去式和过去分词 ); 歧视,有差别地对待
参考例句:
  • His great size discriminated him from his followers. 他的宽广身材使他不同于他的部下。
  • Should be a person that has second liver virus discriminated against? 一个患有乙肝病毒的人是不是就应该被人歧视?
90 guts Yraziv     
v.狼吞虎咽,贪婪地吃,飞碟游戏(比赛双方每组5人,相距15码,互相掷接飞碟);毁坏(建筑物等)的内部( gut的第三人称单数 );取出…的内脏n.勇气( gut的名词复数 );内脏;消化道的下段;肠
参考例句:
  • I'll only cook fish if the guts have been removed. 鱼若已收拾干净,我只需烧一下即可。
  • Barbara hasn't got the guts to leave her mother. 巴巴拉没有勇气离开她妈妈。 来自《简明英汉词典》
91 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
92 offense HIvxd     
n.犯规,违法行为;冒犯,得罪
参考例句:
  • I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
  • His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。
93 breakdown cS0yx     
n.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌
参考例句:
  • She suffered a nervous breakdown.她患神经衰弱。
  • The plane had a breakdown in the air,but it was fortunately removed by the ace pilot.飞机在空中发生了故障,但幸运的是被王牌驾驶员排除了。
94 trauma TJIzJ     
n.外伤,精神创伤
参考例句:
  • Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
  • The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。
95 devastated eb3801a3063ef8b9664b1b4d1f6aaada     
v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词);摧毁;毁灭;在感情上(精神上、财务上等)压垮adj.毁坏的;极为震惊的
参考例句:
  • The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
  • His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。
96 incessant WcizU     
adj.不停的,连续的
参考例句:
  • We have had incessant snowfall since yesterday afternoon.从昨天下午开始就持续不断地下雪。
  • She is tired of his incessant demands for affection.她厌倦了他对感情的不断索取。
97 penalized c88c37e7a177d0a347c36794aa587e91     
对…予以惩罚( penalize的过去式和过去分词 ); 使处于不利地位
参考例句:
  • You will be penalized for poor spelling. 你拼写不好将会受到处罚。
  • Team members will be penalized for lateness. 队员迟到要受处罚。
98 irresolute X3Vyy     
adj.无决断的,优柔寡断的,踌躇不定的
参考例句:
  • Irresolute persons make poor victors.优柔寡断的人不会成为胜利者。
  • His opponents were too irresolute to call his bluff.他的对手太优柔寡断,不敢接受挑战。
99 compassionate PXPyc     
adj.有同情心的,表示同情的
参考例句:
  • She is a compassionate person.她是一个有同情心的人。
  • The compassionate judge gave the young offender a light sentence.慈悲的法官从轻判处了那个年轻罪犯。
100 diffused 5aa05ed088f24537ef05f482af006de0     
散布的,普及的,扩散的
参考例句:
  • A drop of milk diffused in the water. 一滴牛奶在水中扩散开来。
  • Gases and liquids diffused. 气体和液体慢慢混合了。
101 sojourn orDyb     
v./n.旅居,寄居;逗留
参考例句:
  • It would be cruel to begrudge your sojourn among flowers and fields.如果嫉妒你逗留在鲜花与田野之间,那将是太不近人情的。
  • I am already feeling better for my sojourn here.我在此逗留期间,觉得体力日渐恢复。
102 explicit IhFzc     
adj.详述的,明确的;坦率的;显然的
参考例句:
  • She was quite explicit about why she left.她对自己离去的原因直言不讳。
  • He avoids the explicit answer to us.他避免给我们明确的回答。
103 pervasive T3zzH     
adj.普遍的;遍布的,(到处)弥漫的;渗透性的
参考例句:
  • It is the most pervasive compound on earth.它是地球上最普遍的化合物。
  • The adverse health effects of car exhaust are pervasive and difficult to measure.汽车尾气对人类健康所构成的有害影响是普遍的,并且难以估算。
104 cyberspace YvfzLi     
n.虚拟信息空间,网络空间,计算机化世界
参考例句:
  • She travels in cyberspace by sending messages to friends around the world.她利用电子空间给世界各地的朋友们发送信件。
  • The teens spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.青少年花费在电脑上的时间比他们和真正的朋友及家人在一起的时间要多。
105 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
106 geographical Cgjxb     
adj.地理的;地区(性)的
参考例句:
  • The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
  • These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。
107 geographically mg6xa     
adv.地理学上,在地理上,地理方面
参考例句:
  • Geographically, the UK is on the periphery of Europe. 从地理位置上讲,英国处于欧洲边缘。 来自辞典例句
  • All these events, however geographically remote, urgently affected Western financial centers. 所有这些事件,无论发生在地理上如何遥远的地方,都对西方金融中心产生紧迫的影响。 来自名作英译部分
108 diversify m8gyt     
v.(使)不同,(使)变得多样化
参考例句:
  • Our company is trying to diversify.我们公司正力图往多样化方面发展。
  • Hills and woods diversify the landscape.山陵和树木点缀景色。
109 incurring ccc47e576f1ce5fe49a4f373b49987ba     
遭受,招致,引起( incur的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Many of the world's farmers are also incurring economic deficits. 世界上许多农民还在遭受经济上的亏损。
  • He spoke to the Don directly, taking a chance on incurring Michael's ill will. 他直接向老头子谈自己的意见,这显然要冒引起迈克尔反感的风险。 来自教父部分
110 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
111 portends f348eeac60ff5aa4516a88661e71adee     
v.预示( portend的第三人称单数 );预兆;给…以警告;预告
参考例句:
  • Fame portends trouble for men just as fattening does for pigs. 人怕出名猪怕壮。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • It portends we are in danger. 这预示我们陷入危险。 来自互联网
112 formerly ni3x9     
adv.从前,以前
参考例句:
  • We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
  • This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。
113 wholesale Ig9wL     
n.批发;adv.以批发方式;vt.批发,成批出售
参考例句:
  • The retail dealer buys at wholesale and sells at retail.零售商批发购进货物,以零售价卖出。
  • Such shoes usually wholesale for much less.这种鞋批发出售通常要便宜得多。
114 infrastructure UbBz5     
n.下部构造,下部组织,基础结构,基础设施
参考例句:
  • We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
  • We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设,发展各类群众文化。
115 inputs a8aff967e1649a1c82ea607c881e8091     
n.输入( input的名词复数 );投入;输入端;输入的数据v.把…输入电脑( input的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Uncheck the inputs checked for optimization in the previous stage. 不测试那些已经测试过的优化了的以前步骤的inputs.(变量参数)。 来自互联网
  • Just in case, save in a file the inputs obtained at the previous stage. 以防万一,保存以前步骤获得的inputs(变量参数值)到一个文件中去。 来自互联网
116 component epSzv     
n.组成部分,成分,元件;adj.组成的,合成的
参考例句:
  • Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
  • Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。
117 specifications f3453ce44685398a83b7fe3902d2b90c     
n.规格;载明;详述;(产品等的)说明书;说明书( specification的名词复数 );详细的计划书;载明;详述
参考例句:
  • Our work must answer the specifications laid down. 我们的工作应符合所定的规范。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This sketch does not conform with the specifications. 图文不符。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
118 marketing Boez7e     
n.行销,在市场的买卖,买东西
参考例句:
  • They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
  • He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。
119 vendor 3izwB     
n.卖主;小贩
参考例句:
  • She looked at the vendor who cheated her the other day with distaste.她厌恶地望着那个前几天曾经欺骗过她的小贩。
  • He must inform the vendor immediately.他必须立即通知卖方。
120 solicit AFrzc     
vi.勾引;乞求;vt.请求,乞求;招揽(生意)
参考例句:
  • Beggars are not allowed to solicit in public places.乞丐不得在公共场所乞讨。
  • We should often solicit opinions from the masses.我们应该经常征求群众意见。
121 queries 5da7eb4247add5dbd5776c9c0b38460a     
n.问题( query的名词复数 );疑问;询问;问号v.质疑,对…表示疑问( query的第三人称单数 );询问
参考例句:
  • Our assistants will be happy to answer your queries. 我们的助理很乐意回答诸位的问题。
  • Her queries were rhetorical,and best ignored. 她的质问只不过是说说而已,最好不予理睬。 来自《简明英汉词典》
122 anonymous lM2yp     
adj.无名的;匿名的;无特色的
参考例句:
  • Sending anonymous letters is a cowardly act.寄匿名信是懦夫的行为。
  • The author wishes to remain anonymous.作者希望姓名不公开。
123 shrouded 6b3958ee6e7b263c722c8b117143345f     
v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 );保密
参考例句:
  • The hills were shrouded in mist . 这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。
  • The towers were shrouded in mist. 城楼被蒙上薄雾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
124 stimulates 7384b1562fa5973e17b0984305c09f3e     
v.刺激( stimulate的第三人称单数 );激励;使兴奋;起兴奋作用,起刺激作用,起促进作用
参考例句:
  • Exercise stimulates the body. 运动促进身体健康。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Alcohol stimulates the action of the heart. 酒刺激心脏的活动。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
125 boundless kt8zZ     
adj.无限的;无边无际的;巨大的
参考例句:
  • The boundless woods were sleeping in the deep repose of nature.无边无际的森林在大自然静寂的怀抱中酣睡着。
  • His gratitude and devotion to the Party was boundless.他对党无限感激、无限忠诚。
126 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
127 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
128 inviting CqIzNp     
adj.诱人的,引人注目的
参考例句:
  • An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
  • The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人,使人感到亲切温馨。
129 quotation 7S6xV     
n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情
参考例句:
  • He finished his speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.他讲话结束时引用了莎士比亚的语录。
  • The quotation is omitted here.此处引文从略。
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