Test Five???
??
be+不定式结构

表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如：?
There’s to be an investigation¹.?
I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.?
这一结构常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方的计划或决定。例如：?
The Queen is to visit Japan next year.?
二是表示命令、禁止或可能性等。例如：?
You are to stand here. Do you understand??
Tell her she’s not to be back late.?
一般现在时也可表达将来时间，常见于条件状
语和时间状语从句。例如：?
If she comes, I’ll tell her all about it.?
Wait here till the meeting is over.?
It won’t be long before the rain stops.??

近义词辨析?
?begin, commence, initiate², launch, start?
这组词均含有“开始”的意思。?

begin
在这组词中最常用，泛指开始做某事。但口语中近年来start用得较多。  ?
The band began to play joyful³ music.乐队开始演奏欢快的音乐。?

commence
比begin用法正式。在宗教或其它仪式及军事用语中人们倾向用commence.?
The officer ordered the soldiers to commence the attack.军官命令士兵开始进攻。?

initiate
指进程中的第一步，与何时停止或结束没有关系。?
The government has initiated⁴ a new reform program.政府启动了新的改革方案。?

launch
指开始或着手一项活动、计划等大规模或声势浩大的行动，行动前或行动中有一定的宣传鼓动。?
The company will launch an advertising⁵ compaign to introduce its new product.那个公司要发起广告攻势推出自己的新产品。?

Start
与stop构成反义用法，指从一特定地点出发，由静止或等待状态开始做某事。在口语中常可代替begin。?
They started operations at once.他们马上开始行动。??

全真模拟试题?
1. ?____? in the past, at the moment it is  a favorite
 choice for wedding gown.?
A. Unpopular has as white been   ?
B. White has been as unpopular?
C. Unpopular has been as white   ?
D. Unpopular as white has been?
2. ?____? for a long time, the fields are all dried up
.?
A. There has been no rain ?
B. Having no rain  ?
C. There having been no rain?
D. There being no rain?
3. The millions of calculations involved, ?____? by ha
nd, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.?
A. had they been done   ?
B. they had been done   ?
C. having been done   ?
D. they were done?
4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment 
?____?.?
A. which they are happening ?
B. they are happening   ?
C. which they happen   ?
D. they have happened?
5. ?____? me most was that the young boy who had lost 
both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.?
A. That amazed B. It amazed?
C.  Which amazed    D. What amazed?
6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very 
young, ?____? she was twenty?five.?
A. her first real success did not come until   ?
B. her real first success came until not?
C. since her first real success did not come until?
D. not until her first real success?
7.  You should know better than ?____? your little sis
ter at home by herself.?
A. to leave    B. leaving    C. to have left    D. left?
8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ?____?
 grab a bite at the snack bar.?
A. may well B. just as well   ?
C. might as well D. as well?
9. She resorted to ?____? when she had no money to buy
 foods for her children.?
A. have stolen   B. steal     C. stole     D. stealing?
10. The boy has admitted to ?____? the window while pl
aying football yesterday.?
A. breaking    B. having been broken   ?
C. break D. be breaking?
11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets  ?____?in transit⁶.?
A. misused     B. mishandled     C. mistaken    D. mislaid?
12. ?____? money, she is quite rich. However, this doe
s not mean that she is happy.?
A. Concerning B. As to  ?
C. In terms of D. In the light of?
13. A well?written composition ?____? good choice of 
words and clear organization among other things.?
A. calls for  B. calls on     C. calls up     D. calls off?
14. It is ?____? with the customer not to let the shop
?assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.?
A. in her honor    B. on her honor  ?
C.  a point of honor    D. an honor?
15. This house will probably come on the ?____? next m
onth.?
A. fair  B. market     C. shop     D. store?
16. George was introduced to ?____? activities at a yo
ung age, when she was hire to act as a lookout⁷ for drugdealers.?
A. illegal   B. lawful  C. faithful    D. peaceful?
17. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more co
mprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education?____?.?
A. settlement  B. establishment      C. costruction  D. structure
18. People’s status in society is frequently ?____? by
 how much they own.?
A. measured   B. examined    C. tested   D. questioned?
19. Jack⁸ is so ?____? to his appearance that he never 
has his clothes pressed.?
A. adverse   B. anonymous  C. indifferent     D. casual?
20. There is an increasing ?____? to make movies descr
ibing violence.?
A. strength   B. direction     C. tradition  D. trend?
21. Outside my office window there is a fire ?____? on
 the right.?
A. escape    B. ladder  C. steps  D. stairs?
22. I ?____? with the Browns during my stay in New Yor
k City.?
A. put in  B. put down     C. put on     D. put up?
23. Operations which left patients ?____? and in need 
of l
ong periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.?
A. exhausted     B. unhealthy     C. upset     D. fearful?
24. Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell 
their vegetables ?____? the black market.?
A. on    B.  at   C. in     D. for?
25. The electric fan does not work because of the ?____?
 of service.?
A. pause   B. break     C. interruption  D. breakdown⁹?