Vladimir Putin is to be inaugurated as president of Russia in a ceremony in the capital, Moscow.

弗拉基米尔·普京将在俄罗斯首都莫斯科宣誓就职总统。

inauguration¹ as president" src="http://www.enread.com/upimg/allimg/120507/1_120507055948_1.jpg" width="304" height="171" />
Mr Putin took part in a religious ceremony on the eve of his inauguration as president
Mr Putin will return to the presidency² after an absence of four years in which he served as prime minister. The outgoing President, Dmitry Medvedev, was widely seen as an ally of Mr Putin.

He won a third term as president in controversial elections in March.

On Sunday, thousands of protesters opposed to the inauguration clashed with police in Moscow.

Mr Putin will take the presidential oath at the Grand Kremlin Palace, in a hall that was once the throne room of the Russian tsars, the BBC's Steve Rosenberg in Moscow reports.

If he completes his six-year term, Mr Putin will be the longest serving Russian leader since Joseph Stalin, our correspondent says.

However, Mr Putin faces many problems; the political system he created has been showing cracks, economic growth is forecast to slow, and violence in the volatile³ North Caucasus continues, he adds.

How he deals with the wave of opposition⁴ protests which broke out last December will also be a key test of his administration, correspondents say.

Sunday's protest against the inauguration was peaceful until a small group of demonstrators tried to break through the lines of riot police.

Some of the protesters launched a sit-in by the police lines, refusing to leave unless the inauguration was cancelled.

They were also demanding an hour of TV airtime and new elections.

Prominent opposition activists⁵ Alexei Navalny, Sergei Udaltsov and Boris Nemtsov were among dozens detained.

A rival demonstration⁶ in support of Mr Putin also took place in the city.