'Green' vaccine for vomiting bug 冬季呕吐“绿色”疫苗问世
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-08-20 05:49 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Scientists say they are ready to begin human testing of a plant-based vaccine1 for the winter vomiting2 virus.

科学家称他们准备进行对付冬天呕吐病毒的植物提取疫苗的人体试验。

Outbreaks have happen onboard cruise ships
Outbreaks have happen onboard cruise ships

The norovirus stomach bug3 is highly contagious4(传染性的,会传播的) and can rapidly sweep through 'close-knit' environments like hospitals, schools and cruise ships(游艇).

Currently there is no vaccine to prevent the million cases that occur each year in the UK alone.

The latest US work from Arizona State University was presented to a meeting of the American Chemical Society.

A number of research teams have been looking at developing a norovirus vaccine.

But because noroviruses are continually mutating, much like flu, it is a moving target for vaccine developers and production costs can skyrocket.

According to the Arizona team, using plants to make and grow the vaccines5 offers an answer to this because the manufacturing process is fast enough to keep pace with the shape-shifting virus.

Lead researcher Dr Charles Arntzen said: "With plant-based vaccines, we can generate the first gram quantities of the drug and do clinical tests within eight to 10 weeks.

"We could easily scale that up for commercial use in a two- to four-month period."

There are cost advantages too relating to vaccine purification and formulation, says Dr Arntzen.

After successful experiments in mice of a candidate vaccine, his team has developed a nasal delivery system for the vaccine that is ready for testing in clinical trials planned for later this year.

The new vaccine was manufactured in a tobacco plant using an engineered plant virus. It contains none of the infectious material of the original virus but is able to trigger the body's immune response to ward6 off an actual norovirus infection.

A spokeswoman for the Health Protection Agency said: "There are several vaccines for norovirus in development but all are probably several years away from being in general use.

"In the meantime, until one is produced that is effective and safe we recommend strict adherence7(附著,固守) to the outbreak control measures that exist to stop the virus spreading in hospitals and cruise ships.

"On an individual level, if someone has a norovirus infection they are advised to stay at home and practise good hand hygiene8(卫生) using soap and water to stop the virus from spreading to other members of the household."



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1 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
参考例句:
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
2 vomiting 7ed7266d85c55ba00ffa41473cf6744f     
参考例句:
  • Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
  • Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候,看不得人家呕。”
3 bug 5skzf     
n.虫子;故障;窃听器;vt.纠缠;装窃听器
参考例句:
  • There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
  • The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。
4 contagious TZ0yl     
adj.传染性的,有感染力的
参考例句:
  • It's a highly contagious infection.这种病极易传染。
  • He's got a contagious laugh.他的笑富有感染力。
5 vaccines c9bb57973a82c1e95c7cd0f4988a1ded     
疫苗,痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
  • The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
6 ward LhbwY     
n.守卫,监护,病房,行政区,由监护人或法院保护的人(尤指儿童);vt.守护,躲开
参考例句:
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时,我要点根火把,抵挡蚊虫。
7 adherence KyjzT     
n.信奉,依附,坚持,固着
参考例句:
  • He was well known for his adherence to the rules.他因遵循这些规定而出名。
  • The teacher demanded adherence to the rules.老师要求学生们遵守纪律。
8 hygiene Kchzr     
n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic)
参考例句:
  • Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
  • He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。
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