6. People who listen to certain recordings² of music are in danger of being unduly³ influenced by spoken messages that have been recorded backwards⁴ on the records or tapes.

　　A consequence of the view above is that

　　（A） the spoken messages must be louder than the music on the recordings

　　（B） backwards messages can be added to a recording¹ while still preserving all of the musical qualities of the recorded performance

　　（C） the recordings on which such messages appear are chosen for this purpose either because they are especially popular or because they introduce a trancelike state

　　（D） if such messages must be comprehended to exert influence, then people must be able to comprehend spoken messages recorded backwards

　　（E） when people listen to recorded music, they pay full attention to the music as it plays

　　7. Advertisement： Over 80 percent of the people who test-drive a Zenith car end up buying one. So be warned： you should not test-drive a Zenith unless you are prepared to buy one, because if you so much as drive a Zenith around the block, there is a better than 80 percent chance you will choose to buy it.

　　If the advertisement is interpreted as implying that the quality of the car is unusually impressive, which one of the following, if true, most clearly casts doubt on that implication？

　　（A） Test-drives of Zenith cars are, according to Zenith sales personnel, generally more extensive than a drive around the block and encounter varied⁵ driving conditions.

　　（B） Usually dealers⁶ have enough Zenith models in stock that prospective⁷ purchasers are able to test-drive the exact model that they are considering for purchase.

　　（C） Those who take test-drives in cars are, in overwhelming proportions, people who have already decided⁸ to buy the model driven unless some fault should become evident.

　　（D） Almost 90 percent of the people who purchase a car do not do so on the day they take a first test-drive but do so after another test-drive.

　　（E） In some Zenith cars, a minor⁹ part has broken within the first year, and Zenith dealers have issued notices to owners that the dealers will replace the part with a redesigned one at no cost to owners.

　　8. In Malsenia sales of classical records are soaring. The buyers responsible for this boom are quite new to classical music and were drawn¹⁰ to it either by classical scores from television commercials or by theme tunes¹¹ introducing major sports events on television. Audiences at classical concerts, however, are continually shrinking in Malsenia. It can be concluded from this that the new Malsenian converts to classical music, having initially¹² experienced this music as recorded music, are most comfortable with classical music as recorded music and really have no desire to hear live performances.

　　The argument assumes which one of the following？

　　（A） To sell well in Malsenia, a classical record must include at least one piece familiar from television.

　　（B） At least some of the new Malsenian buyers of classical records have available to them the opinion of attending classical concerts.

　　（C） The number of classical concerts performed in Malsenia has not decreased in response to smaller audiences.

　　（D） The classical records available in Malsenia are, for the most part, not recordings of actual public concerts.

　　（E） Classical concerts in Malsenia are not limited to music that is readily available on recordings.

　　9. Brain scans of people exposed to certain neurotoxins reveal brain damage identical to that found in people suffering from Parkinson's disease. This fact shows not only that these neurotoxins cause this type of brain damage, but also that the brain damage itself causes Parkinson's disease. Thus brain scans can be used to determine who is likely to develop Parkinson's disease.

　　The argument contains which one of the following reasoning errors？

　　（A） It fails to establish that other methods that can be used to diagnose Parkinson's disease are less accurate than brain scans.

　　（B） It overestimates¹³ the importance of early diagnosis¹⁴ in determining appropriate treatments for people suffering from Parkinson's disease.

　　（C） It mistakes a correlation¹⁵ between the type of brain damage described and Parkinson's disease for a causal relation between the two.

　　（D） It assumes that people would want to know as early as possible whether they were likely to develop Parkinson's disease.

　　{E} It neglects to specify¹⁶ how the information provided by brain scans could be used either in treating Parkinson's disease or in monitoring the progression of the disease.

　　10. Almost all of the books published in the past 150 years were printed on acidic paper. Unfortunately, every kind of acidic paper gradually destroys itself due to its very acidity¹⁷. This process of deterioration¹⁸ can be slowed if the books are stored in a cool, dry environment. Techniques, which are now being developed, to deacidify books will probably be applied¹⁹ only to books with historical significance.

　　If all of the statements in the passage above are true, which one of the following must also be true！

　　（A） If a book was published in the past 50 years and is historically insignificant²⁰, it will probably deteriorate²¹ completely.

　　（B） Almost all of the books published in the past 150 years will gradually destroy themselves.

　　（C） Almost all of the books that gradually deteriorate are made of acidic paper.

　　（D） If a book is of historical significance and was printed before 150 years ago, it will be deacidified.

　　（E） Books published on acidic paper in 1900 should now all be at about the same state of deterioration

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