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时
态
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基本用法
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常与之连用的时间状语
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例句
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一般现在时态
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习惯性或常发生的动作或存在的状态
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in the morning / evening / afternoon,
every day / month/year / morning.
sometimes, often, always, usually, frequently2, eldom, ever, never, once,in a while, from time to time, today, these days, this week / month / year, now, etc
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He reads French every morning.
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表能力，性格，特征等
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Joan is a nice person.
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普遍真理的表述
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The moon turns round the earth.
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剧本、图、文的解说
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The scene changes back to the park.
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按时刻表，计划决定好了的事
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The train leaves at 8:00.
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在“时间，条件，方式，让步状语从句”中表“将来”动作
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I’ll call you as soon as I get the park.
You won’t be able to pass the exam unless you work hard.
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一般过去时态
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具体的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态
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...ago,just now,in 1976/1989,
yesterday
last Sunday / month / week / year, the day before yesterday, the other day,once, in those days / years,once upon3 a time, earlier, this month / week / year, then, sometimes, often, always, etc.
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Mary was here a moment ago.
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过去常发生的动作或存在的状态，特征
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He often went to Shanghai last year.
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在“虚拟语气”中表“现在/将来”的情况
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He talks as if he were my teacher.
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在“委婉”用语中表“现在/将来”,常与“could/would”连用在“时间，条件，让步”等状语从句中表“过去将来”
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I hoped you could help me.
They planned to go out if it was fine the next day.
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一般将来时态
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shall4(’ll)用于第一人称will(’ll)用于各人称，表示“将会”“意愿”
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tomorrow, in 2010, next morning / year / week / month / time, in turn, soon, before long, in the year, to come, from now on,one day, some day, from now on, sometime1 in the future, in a few hours / days, the day after tomorrow, this evening, this afternoon, etc.
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I shall do it tomorrow morning.
She’ll have to go there by herself.
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“am/is/are going to+v.原”表“即将发生，打算做”
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It looks as if it’s going to rain.
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“is/am/are doing”表“计划，安排”
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He’s leaving for Guangdong tomorrow.
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“is/am/are about to+v.原”“表即将就要发生/做”
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She is about to go to school.
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“is/am/are to+v.原” “表计划决定，要求，命令，传达命令指示等”
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You are to stay in the hotel.
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过去将来时态
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“should+v.原/would+v.原”表过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态”。常用于从句或引语中
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常用于状语从句、名词性从句或间接引语中。
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She said she would vote6 for me.
She said she wouldn’t vote for me.
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“were/was going to+v.原”表“过去即将发生或打算要做”
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She said it was going to rain soon.
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“was/were+v.-ing”表“过去的计划，安排”
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I wondered when the plane was arriving.
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“was/were about to+v.” 原表“过去即将，就要”
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I was about to go out when the phone rang.
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“was/were to+v.原”表“过去的计划决定，要求命令等”
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He told us they were to hold a meeting the next day.
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现在进行时态
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说话时正进行的动作
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now, at present, these days,
this morning / week / month, during this season, Look! Listen! etc.
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He is playing basketball now.
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现阶段正进行的动作
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I’m writing a book these days.
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表“计划安排好的将来动作”
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She’s flying to Paris tomorrow.
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表“反复经常”的动作，常与always等连用，有责备，高兴等较浓的感情色彩。
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They are always talking in meeting.
He is constantly leaving things about.
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在here/there引起的句子中可用“一般现在时”表进行。
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Here comes the bus.
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过去进行时态
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过去某一时刻正进行的动作
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this time yesterday, at that time, then,
all morning, at that moment, the whole
night, during…, when I came in, etc
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What were you doing at that moment?
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过去某一阶段正进行的动作
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Last year we were building the library.
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在过去看来即将发生的动作
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He wondered whether she was leaving.
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现在完成时态
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过去开始的动作/状态一直延续到现在
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since+时间点/…ago/从句；for+时段；in the past/last five years
once, twice, three times, many times
before, ever, never so far,by now, lately8, recently, just, already, yet
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I have lived here for six years.
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在现在为止一个动作状态已多次发生
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I’ve seen the film four times.
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到现在为止时的一动作状态经历
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I’ve never been to America.
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过去完成的动作对现在还有影响
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He has just come back.
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