公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(六)形容词、副词a
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-06-04 06:56 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
(六)形容词、副词
1.形容词修饰名词/代词;副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子,在句中可充当定语、状语、补语、表语。
序号
功用
词类
位置用法
例词/例句
1
定语
形容词
在中心词前
He’s a small Japanese boy.
副词
在中心词后
I’ve got used to the life here.
2
状语
形容词
句首/中,表原因/时间
句末/中,表伴随/结果
Tired and thirsty, we stopped to have a rest.
He lay in bed, awake.
副词
在被修饰词前、后修饰全句,位置灵活
You are quite right.
Sometimes he goes to school on foot.
3
表语
形容词
副词
系动词后
He is tired.
They are out.
4
补语
形容词
作主补在谓语后
作宾补在宾语后
The little boy was found dead.
He find it very useful.
副词
作主补在谓语后
作宾补在宾语后
She was seen out.
Let me show you out.
 
注意:
(1)the/these/those+形容词表示一类人/物;成对的形容词这样用时可省去the。
The rich are not always happy.
High and low all like this flower.
(2)“enough足够的”作定语时既可放在中心词前也可放在中心词后;但作副词时只能后置。
We have enough food to eat.
We have food enough to eat.
It’s warm enough.
(3)许多以前缀a-构成的形容词常作后置定语,这样的形容词有:awake, alone, alive, afraid, alike1, asleep, ashamed等。
It is a book worth reading.
Do you know the man asleep over there?
(4)形容词修饰由some/any/no/every与one/body/thing构成的复合不定代词时,要后置。
I have something important to tell you.
(5)形容词(与其他词组/语构成的)短语作定语时要后置。
English is a language difficult to master.
(6)几个副词作状语并列时,位置一般按方式→地点→时间顺序排列。
He came here by air yesterday.
(7)几个形容词并列作表语时,并列的词之间用逗号隔开,最后两个词之间用and(but/yet)等连接,并列词的先后顺序较灵活(有时将强调的词放在最后)。
He is tall,dark and handsome.
 
2. 形容词、副词比较等级的构成及形式:
 
 
 
 
构 成
形 式
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数以-er, -ow, -le, -y结尾的双音节词
一般
tall
加-er
taller
加-est
tallest
以不发音e结尾
noble
加-r
nobler
加-st
noblest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节
wet
big
双写最后辅音字母再加-er
wetter
bigger
双写最后辅音字母再加-est
wettest
biggest
辅音字母加-y结尾的词
easy
heavy
改y为i再加-er
easier
heavier
改y为i再加-est
easiest
heaviest
多音节词,多数双音节词及部分加-ly等变来或由分词变来的词
delicious
slowly
tired
词前加more
more delicious
more slowly
more tired
more tiresome
词前加most
most delicious
most slowly
most tired
most tiresome
 
 
 
 
good
well
better
best
bad/ill
badly
worse
worst
many
much
more
most
little
less
least
old
elder
older
oldest
far
farthest
further
furthest
late
later
latest
latter
last
注意:
(1)形容词最高级前要用the,而副词最高级前的the可省。
(2)下面这些词的比较等级可在后面加-er/-est或在前面加more/most构成。
cruel, often, able, clear, clever, correct, dear, free, friendly, happy, handsome, likely, lively, pleasant, right, simple, quiet, solid, strange, strict, stupid, wrong, etc.


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1 alike kLUyz     
adj.同样的,相像的;adv.一样地;同程度地 
参考例句:
  • The twins are so alike that I can't tell which is which.这对双胞胎一模一样,我分辨不出谁是谁。
  • All stories seemed dreadfully alike,no matter who told them.看来,不管谁讲,故事都是千篇一律的。
2 tiresome Kgty9     
adj.令人疲劳的,令人厌倦的
参考例句:
  • His doubts and hesitations were tiresome.他的疑惑和犹豫令人厌烦。
  • He was tiresome in contending for the value of his own labors.他老为他自己劳动的价值而争强斗胜,令人生厌。
3 eldest bqkx6     
adj.最年长的,最年老的
参考例句:
  • The King's eldest son is the heir to the throne.国王的长子是王位的继承人。
  • The castle and the land are entailed on the eldest son.城堡和土地限定由长子继承。
4 farther olHxM     
adj.更远的,进一步的;adv.更远的,此外;far的比较级
参考例句:
  • I can throw the ball farther than you can.这个球我能比你扔得远。
  • The farther hill is five kilometres away.那座更远的小山在五公里以外。
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