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一、代词 代词中主要讲解六个问题来源:考试大 (一) 掌握代词的几种格:主格、宾格、所有格 名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) (二) 反身代词 当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 He killed himself. (他自杀了) He killed him. (他杀了他)来源:考试大 例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating A B a series of indicators1 that could help C themselves to predict earthquakes. D 分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。 Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物。 (三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别来源:考试大 在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 例:The continental2 divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the A B C D Pacific. 分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined A the word“normalcy”to express social and B economic conditions they promised the nation. C D 分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important A work is not poetry, but his biography, John B C Keats, published the year of her death. D 分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell. (四) Who和which的区别 which指代事物或者动物,who指代人,who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物。 例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who A B account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. C D 分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明。 (五) that和which的区别来源:考试大 介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外来源:考试大 例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it A B would affect society could not have been foreseen. C D 分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见 (六) 定语从句的特殊省略来源:考试大 Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when,way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which。 I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. 例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly A B reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. C D 分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略 例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has affected3 the way people in the United States----. (A) living and working来源:考试大 (B) they live and work 来源:考试大 (C) live and work来源:考试大 (D) to live and to work 分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。 点击收听单词发音
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