devastate——To lay waste； destroy变成废墟，荒芜；破坏=ruin

    device——A contrivance or an invention serving a particular purpose， especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively¹ simple tasks机器=instrument A device for recording²， measuring， or controlling， especially such a device functioning as part of a control system仪表

    devoid³ of ——free of无……的，免于……的；摆脱了……的

    destruction——The act of destroying毁灭=demolition The act or process of wrecking⁴ or destroying， especially destruction by explosives.摧毁破坏

    detect——To discover or ascertain⁵ the existence， presence， or fact of查明；发现=discover， sense To become aware of； perceive感觉意识到

    detectable——Can be discovered or ascertained⁶ the existence， presence， or fact可查明；可发现apparent， measurable，sizable

    derive——To obtain or receive from a source得到=obtain，

    To issue from a source； originate起源于=stem from

    depression——An area that is sunk below its surroundings； a hollow下陷处=low

    depressed——Low in spirits； dejected情绪低落的；沮丧的=saddened

    deposit——To put or set down； place放置=place， lay

    deplete——To decrease the fullness of； use up or empty out消灭，用完或用光=exhaust， run out

    dense——Hard to penetrate⁷； thick浓厚的=thick， heavy

    delicate——Marked by sensitivity of discrimination敏锐的=sensitive

    Easily broken or damaged脆弱的=fragile

    delicate——Considerate of the feelings of others体贴的=careful， intentionally⁸

    deft——Quick and skillful； adroit灵巧的=skilled

    extract——To remove for separate consideration or publication； excerpt摘录=remove

    extend——To stretch or spread （something） out to greater or fullest length延伸=increase， stretch， outspread

    extensive——Large in extent， range， or amount广大的=wide， far from reaching

    exponential——Containing， involving， or expressed as an exponent指数的=rapid， increase

    exert——To bring to bear； exercise对…施加=apply To putsintosaction使用，运用，=cause

    exhibition——The act or an instance of exhibiting展览=display

    exorbitant——Exceeding all bounds， as of custom or fairness过高的，昂贵的=expensive

    expand——To increase the size， volume， quantity， or scope of； enlarge扩大=increase

    excessive——Exceeding a normal， usual， reasonable， or proper limit过量的=extreme Extending far beyond the norm过分的

    exclusion——The condition or fact of being excluded.排除或被排除的状态keep out of躲开；置身于…之外

    execution——制作=create

    exalted——Lofty； sublime⁹； noble高的，崇高的；高贵的=superior Of great value or excellence¹⁰； extraordinary价值巨大或品质优越的；突出的

    exceed——To be greater than； surpass比…更好；超过=surpass

    excel——To show superiority； surpass others胜过=be superior

    exceptional——Well above average； extraordinary杰出的=extraordinary

    exceptionally——Deviating widely from a norm， as of physical or mental ability特殊的=abnormally，

    Being an exception； uncommon例外的=extremely

    evident——Easily seen or understood； obvious显然的=apparent Readily understood； clear or obvious显然的

    evolve——To undergo gradual change； develop发展=develop

    erode——To wear （something） away by or as if by abrasion腐蚀，侵蚀=wear away

    equivalent——Equal， as in value， force， or meaning相等的=interchangeable That can be interchanged可以相互交换的

    entity——Something that exists as a particular and discrete¹¹ unit实体=object Something perceptible by one or more of the senses， especially by vision or touch； a material thing物体

    enormous——Very great in size， extent， number， or degree巨大的=tremendous， huge

    emit——To give or send out matter or energy发射=give off发出，放出（蒸汽、气味等）

    employ——To put to use or service投入使用=use

    enactment——To act （something） out， as on a stage扮演=performance， pass

    emerge——To comesintosexistence发生使出现=appear， spring up

    embed——To cause to be an integral part of a surrounding whole包埋=encase To enclose in or as if in a case把…装箱

    elaborate——To become elaborate变得复杂=complicate To make or become complex or perplexing使复杂或令人困惑

    elaborately——Planned or executed with painstaking¹² attention to numerous parts or details精心制作的=done in great detail

    fuse——To mix （constituent¹³ elements） together by or as if by melting； blend.熔合=combine

    furnish——To supply； give供应；提供=provide

    fragment——A small part broken off or detached.碎片=piece A portion or part that has been separated from a whole

    forbid——To command against the doing or use of （something）； prohibit严禁=ban

    forage——To wander in search of food or provisions搜索粮食=feed To give food to； supply with nourishment给予食物

    float——To move from place to place， especially at random漂移=drift along

    fertile——Rich in material needed to sustain plant growth肥沃的=rich Abounding， especially in natural resources肥沃的；丰富的

    faction——Asgroupsof persons forming a cohesive， usually contentious minority within a larger group小集团=side One of two or more opposing individuals， groups， teams， or sets of opinions派

    graze——To feed on （herbage） in a field or on pastureland放牧=feed

    gorgeous——Dazzlingly beautiful or magnificent耀眼的；美丽的；眩目艳丽的=magnificent， beautiful

    global——Of， relating to， or involving the entire earth； worldwide全球的=worldwide

    give way to ——让路，让步=be replaced by ，=turnsintos

    genetic——Affecting or affected by genes影响基因的或被基因影响的=heredity The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring遣传

    gap——An opening in a solid structure or surface； a cleft or breach豁口=opening A breach or an aperture缺口

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