solemn—— Deeply earnest， serious， and sober庄严的，极认真的，严肃的=serious

    slope——declivity A downward slope， as of a hill斜坡

    smother—— To suffocate¹ （another）使窒息=eliminate To get rid of； remove消灭；消除

    snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折断=break

    signify—— To denote； mean表示…的意思=denote

    simultaneously——同时存在[发生]地=concurrently同时发生的，并存的；合作的

    skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind； dubiety怀疑态度=doubt

    shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield； guard保护、防卫=protect

    secrete—— To conceal² in a hiding place； cache躲藏=produce？？

    scarce—— Hard to find； absent or rare难得的；缺少的或罕见的=rare

    scores—— A composition written for a musical comedy配乐=musical compositions音乐作品

    scent—— A perfume香水=perfume

    scale—— To climb up or over； ascend攀登=climb

    sanitation—— Formulation and application of measures designed to protect public health.

    卫生措施=health

    tremendous—— Extremely large in amount， extent， or degree； enormous巨大的=huge， greatly

    trend—— A general tendency or inclination趋向=tendency

    trap—— A contrivance for catching³ and holding animals， as a concealed⁴ pit or a clamp like device that springs shut suddenly陷阱=entomb To place in or as if in a tomb or grave埋葬

    trace—— A visible mark， such as a footprint， made or left by the passage of a person， an animal， or a thing痕迹=imprint， residue⁵ The remainder of something after removal of parts or a part残留物

    textile—— A cloth， especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting； a fabric⁶纺织品=cloth， fabric

    terrestrial—— Of， relating to， or composed of land陆地的=land

    terrain—— An area of land； ground地区；地带=land

    tedium—— The quality or condition of being tedious； tediousness or boredom单调乏味=tiresome

    temporarily—— Lasting⁷， used， serving， or enjoyed for a limited time在有限的时间内持续地、被使用、发挥作用=makeshift A temporary or expedient⁸ substitute for something else.

    权宜之计，暂时或临时替代其它事物的东西

    usher—— To precede and introduce； inaugurate宣告，展示介绍；开始，开创=begin

    unrestricted—— adj.无限制的，自由的=unlimited

    unsubstantiated——未经证实的，未经证明的=unverified未经证实的，未经核对的

    unravel—— To separate and clarify the elements of （something mysterious or baffling）； solve分散并澄清=discover

    undoubtedly——确实，无疑地，必定=unquestionably不成问题的；无可非议的；无可指责的

    undergo—— To pass through； experience经过；经历=experience

    unadorned—— Without adornment⁹ or embellishment； simple or plain未加装饰的；简单的，朴素的=plain

    venerable—— Commanding respect by virtue¹⁰ of age， dignity， character， or position值得敬重的，令人崇敬的=worship Ardent¹¹ devotion； adoration¹².热烈的崇拜；崇敬

    variable—— Likely to change or vary； subject to variation； changeable易变的=unstable

    vivid—— Evoking lifelike images within the mind； heard， seen， or felt as if real生动的=graphic Described in vivid detail生动细致地描写的

    witness—— To take note of； observe作记录；观察=observe

    yield—— To give forth by or as if by a natural process， especially by cultivation生产=provide， produce

    Supplements

    adjunct-addition辅助-附加

    coarse-rough粗糙-粗糙

    collectively-together共同的-一起

    conclusive-definitive最后的，结论性的-最后的，确定性的

    concomitant with-in conjunction with与…相一致-与…相一致

    condone-mercy宽恕-宽恕

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