proponent—— One who argues in support of something； an advocate倡导者=supporter
    property—— A characteristic trait or peculiarity¹， especially one serving to define or describe its possessor特性=characteristic，
    A piece of real estate地产；不动产=estate
    proper—— Characterized by appropriateness or suitability； fitting恰当的=suitable， correctly
    promising—— Likely to develop in a desirable manner有前途的；有希望的=likely Apt to achieve success or yield a desired outcome； promising有希望的
    prominent—— Widely known； eminent著名的=distinguished Characterized by excellence² or distinction； eminent卓越的
    proliferation—— To grow or multiply by rapidly producing new tissue， parts， cells， or offspring增生，增殖=multiply To breed or propagate繁殖或增殖
    prevail—— To be in force， use， or effect； be current正在用的，有影响的；现行的=dominate
    prevailing—— Most frequent or common； predominant普遍的；有优势的=most frequent
    primal—— Of first importance； primary最重要的；主要的=key， principal First， highest， or foremost in importance， rank， worth， or degree； chief重要的，首要的
    primarily—— Of first importance； primary最重要的；主要的=mainly For the most part； chiefly.大部分地；主要地
    prehistoric—— Of， relating to， or belonging to the era before recorded history史前的=ancient
    preservative—— Something used to preserve， especially a chemical added to foods to inhibit³ spoilage防腐剂=maintain To keep in an existing state； preserve or retain保持
    preside over——管理，主管=manage
    prestige—— A person's high standing⁴ among others； honor or esteem威望；尊重或敬佩=honor
    predecessor—— One who precedes another in time， especially in holding an office or a position.前任；An ancestor； a forebear祖先；祖宗=forerunner One that precedes， as in time； a predecessor前任；An ancestor； a forebear祖先；祖宗
    predominantly—— Most common or conspicuous⁵； main or prevalent最主要的；最普通的=primarily
    precede—— To come， exist， or occur before in time.先于…=prior to ，before
    portion—— A section or quantity within a larger thing； a part of a whole部分=part
    possess—— To have as property； own持有；拥有To have as a quality， characteristic， or other attribute具有品质、特点=have
    potential——shavingspossibility， capability⁶， or power有可能性的=possible
    pertinent——shavingslogical， precise relevance⁷ to the matter at hand有关系的=relevant
    pit—— A natural or artificial hole or cavity in the ground坑=hole
    perception—— The capacity for such insight洞察能力=insightful Showing orshavingsinsight； perceptive有洞察力的；有悟性的
    penetrate—— To enter or force a way into； pierce.穿过，刺入=go through
    patron—— A customer， especially a regular customer顾客=customer
    particle—— A very small piece or part； a tiny portion or speck一小份儿或一小点儿=speck A small spot， mark， or discoloration小斑点，小污点或小瑕疵
    pants裤子——trousers裤子
    rupture—— The process of breaking open or bursting裂开，突然炸开=burst
    rural—— Of， relating to， or characteristic of the country农村的=country
    rudimentary——Being in the earliest stages of development； incipient处于发展的最早阶段的=undeveloped， unsophisticated
    rotate——To turn around on an axis⁸ or center绕轴或中心转动=turn， swirl
    To proceed in sequence； take turns or alternate循环，交替或轮换=alternate
    robust—— Full of health and strength； vigorous健康和有力的=strong
    roam—— To move about without purpose or plan； wander漫游=wander
    rigidity—— An instance of being rigid僵化，严厉=stiffness
    revise—— To reconsider and change or modify修改，修正=change
    retrieve—— To get back； regain⁹.重获；收复；=recover， To get back； regain.重获；收复；重新得到=bring back
    To rectify¹⁰ the unfavorable consequences of； remedy. See： recover
    restrict—— To keep or confine within limits限制=limit
    retain—— To maintain possession of保持=keep
    representation—— The state or condition of serving as an official delegate， agent， or spokesperson代表=delegate， stand for
    resemble—— To exhibit similarity or likeness¹¹ to类似=similar
    renounce—— To reject； disown拒绝=reject To refuse to accept， submit to， believe， or make use of拒绝
    replace—— To take or fill the place of取代=supplant To displace and substitute for （another）取代，代替（另一个）
    release—— To free from something that binds¹²， fastens， or holds back； let go松开=give off
    refreshing—— Pleasantly fresh and different新鲜宜人的，与众不同的=unusual
    reflection—— A manifestation¹³ or result显示，结果=indicate To suggest or demonstrate the necessity， expedience¹⁴， or advisability of说明，显示，暗示
    receptacle—— A container that holds items or matter贮藏器=container
    recognize—— To show awareness¹⁵ of； approve of or appreciate赏识=appreciate
    rarefy—— To make thin， less compact， or less dense使稀薄=infrequent
    rear—— To lift upright； raise直立起；抬高=raise
    radical¹⁶—— Departing markedly from the usual or customary； extreme极端的=drastic Severe or radical in nature； extreme严厉或剧烈的；极端的
    symmetrical—— Of or exhibiting symmetry对称的=proportionally balanced
    synthetic—— Produced by synthesis， especially not of natural origin.合成的=formation， integrate
    Not natural or genuine； artificial or contrived人造的，不自然的=artificial

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