全国职称外语等级考试综合类概括大意1b
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PASSAGE 1 ?
  Successful Language Learners
  Some people seem to have a knack1 for learning2 languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.
  First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.
  Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete3. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
  Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.
  What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively4, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.
  1. Paragraph 1__________
  2. Paragraph 2__________
  3. Paragraph 3__________
  4. Paragraph 4__________
  A. Ways to Learn a Language Successfully
  B. Learning a language Purposefully
  C. Learning a Language Actively
  D. Learning a Language Independently
  E. Learning from Mistakes
  F. Learning to Think in the Target Language
  5. Successful language learners derive5 conclusions___________
  6. Independent Language learners rely on themselves___________
  7. Active language learners seize every opportunity______________
  8. The author wrote this text_________________
  A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical6 rules
  B. to expand vocabulary
  C. to use the target language
  D. to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully
  E. from clues
  F. to say strange things
  KEY:ADCBEACD
  PASSAGE 2 ?
  Car Crime
  A million motorists leave their cars filled up with petrol and with the keys in the ignition every day. The cars are sitting in petrol stations while drivers pay for their fuel. The Automobile7 Association(A.A) has discovered that cars are left unattended for an average three minutes and sometimes longer as drivers buy drinks , sweets, cigarettes and other consumer items .With payment8 of credit9 cards becoming more and more common, it is not unusual for a driver to be out of his car for as long as six minutes, providing the car theft with a golden opportunity.
  For more than ten years there has been a big rise in car crime than in most other types of crime. An average of more than two cars a minute are broken into or stolen in the UK. Car crime accounts for almost a third of all reported offenses10 with no signs that the trend is slowing down.
  Although there are highly11 professional criminal involved in car theft, almost 90 percent of car theft is committed by the opportunists. Amateur12 thieves are aided by our own carelessness. The A.A. recommends locking up whenever you leave the car and for however short a period. A partially13 open sunroof or window is a further come-on to thieves.
  There aremany other traps to avoid .The A.A. has fond little awareness14 among drivers about safe parking. Most motorists questioned made no efforts to avoid parking in quiet spots -just the places thieves love. The A.A. advises drives to park in places with people around -thieves don t like audiences.
  练习
  1. Paragraph 2 _________________.
  2. Paragraph 3 _________________.
  3. Paragraph 4 _________________.
  A) Safe parking
  B) Increase in car theft
  C) Opportunities for non-professionals
  D) Anti-theft organizations
  4. Most car thefts should be blamed on_______________


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 knack Jx9y4     
n.诀窍,做事情的灵巧的,便利的方法
参考例句:
  • He has a knack of teaching arithmetic.他教算术有诀窍。
  • Making omelettes isn't difficult,but there's a knack to it.做煎蛋饼并不难,但有窍门。
2 learning wpSzFe     
n.学问,学识,学习;动词learn的现在分词
参考例句:
  • When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时,常会从车上掉下来。
  • Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。
3 incomplete L89xt     
adj.不完全的,不完善的
参考例句:
  • The building was left incomplete.那座楼没有完工就停下来了。
  • His novel was incomplete when he died.他死的时候他的小说没有写完。
4 actively lzezni     
adv.积极地,勤奋地
参考例句:
  • During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
  • We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。
5 derive hmLzH     
v.取得;导出;引申;来自;源自;出自
参考例句:
  • We derive our sustenance from the land.我们从土地获取食物。
  • We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels.我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。
6 grammatical SfLx6     
adj.语法的,符合语法规则的
参考例句:
  • His composition is excellent except for some grammatical mistakes.他的作文写得很好,只有几处语法错误。
  • He can barely form a grammatical sentence.他几乎造不出合乎语法的句子。
7 automobile rP1yv     
n.汽车,机动车
参考例句:
  • He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
  • The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。
8 payment qL4xJ     
n.付款,支付,偿还,偿还,报应
参考例句:
  • I gave ten pounds in payment for the goods I bought.我买那些东西付了10英镑。
  • This last payment will wipe out your debt to me.这最后一笔付款将了结你欠我的债务。
9 credit pOGzH     
n.信用,荣誉,贷款,学分;v.归功于,赞颂,信任
参考例句:
  • I credit him with a certain amount of sense.我认为他有一定的见识。
  • He got the credit,and we did the dirty work.他得荣誉,我们做不讨好的工作。
10 offenses 4bfaaba4d38a633561a0153eeaf73f91     
n.进攻( offense的名词复数 );(球队的)前锋;进攻方法;攻势
参考例句:
  • It's wrong of you to take the child to task for such trifling offenses. 因这类小毛病责备那孩子是你的不对。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Thus, Congress cannot remove an executive official except for impeachable offenses. 因此,除非有可弹劾的行为,否则国会不能罢免行政官员。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
11 highly XdFxR     
adv.高度地,极,非常;非常赞许地
参考例句:
  • It is highly important to provide for the future.预先做好准备非常重要。
  • The teacher speaks very highly of the boy's behaviour.老师称赞这个男孩的表现。
12 amateur 1xjzR     
adj.业余的,非专业的;n.业余爱好者
参考例句:
  • He made an amateur attempt to build a cupboard.他很外行地试做了一个碗柜。
  • Although Tom's only an amateur he's a first-class player.虽然汤姆只是个业余爱好者,但却是一流的高手。
13 partially yL7xm     
adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
参考例句:
  • The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
  • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。
14 awareness 4yWzdW     
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
参考例句:
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
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