第六讲 怎样做完成句子
一、题型介绍
在全国职称英语等级考试中，完成句子是一种比较新颖的题型。这种题型通常是先给出一篇300词左右的短文，短文后给出五个不完整的句子，一般是缺少一个词，要求考生在理解短文的基础之上，完成这五个句子，即把丢掉的词根据原文的内容给填出来。尽管每个句子都缺少一个词，但如果要填的词比较难，题目设计者提供了所要填的词的第一个字母或前两三个字母，这样难的题目就变得相对容易些了。

由于完成句子这种题型比较新颖，在目前我国其它类型的大规模考试中尚末使用过，许多应试者对该题望而生畏，有的甚至干脆放弃了这一部分。实际上大可不必如此，因为完成句子在本质上只不过是我们常见的阅读理解题型的一种变体，或叫简答题，考生根据自己对于文章的内容的理解从四个先项中先出一个正确的答案。而完成句子这种题型通常是先给出一篇短文，短文后给出五个不完整的句子，每个句子一般缺少一个词，要求考生在理解短文的基础之上，完成这五个句子，这些句子多半已改变了叙述的角度或者采用另一种廉洁，但是句子的内容往往是文章中某些内容的稞。因此，这种题型不过是把觉的阅读理解题型的四个选项去掉，只保留其题干部分，要求考生把不完整的题干（句子）补全。

二、测试点

完成句子主要是用来测试应试者的阅读理解能力和对英语词汇的使用能力，它的测试点与一般的阅读理解题型的测试点基本上一致。下面我们以全国职称英语等级考试理工类样题中的完成句子为例说明命题者是怎样测量考生这种阅读能力，并指出如何解答这类问题。

Computers Can Read

Computers can solve difficult problems and control the machines which are not simple. Many people use small computers called calculators to add, subtract, multiply, and divide numbers quickly. Scientists use large computers to solve many problems at the same time. You can play games with computers, and some computers can help you learn languages. The Reading Machine is a special kind of computer. It can read books for blind people.

This machine consists fo three sections: a scanner (扫描仪）, a computer, and a vioce synthesizer (合成器). These three parts are like your eyes, your brain, and your voice. The scanner is the "eye"of the machine. It scans¹, or looks at the words on the page of a book and changes them into signals. These signals then go to the computer, the "brain" of the machine. The computer analyzes² （分析）the signals and r***gnizes the words and then sends information about the words to the vioce synthesizer. The voice synthesizer makes the sounds of the words.

To use the machine, a blind person simply opens the book and puts it face down on the scanner. The machine reads the words on the page. When one page is finished, the blind person turns the page and puts the bllk on the scanne