关于审批和管理外国企业在华常驻代表机构的实施细则(附英文)_法律英语

关于审批和管理外国企业在华常驻代表机构的实施细则(附英文)

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-07-24 01:05 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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1995年2月13日，中华人民共和国对外贸易经济合作部

　　第一章总则

　　第一条为发展我国的对外贸易，促进国际间经济技术合作，加强对外国公司、企业和其他经济组织在中华人民共和国境内设立的常驻代表机构的管理，根据中华人民共和国国务院1980年10月30日发布的《关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》，特制定本实施细则。

　　第二条本实施细则适用于外国贸易商、制造厂商、货运代理商、承包商、咨询公司、广告公司、投资公司、租赁公司和其他经济贸易组织（以下简称外国企业）在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构。

　　第三条外国企业申请在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构，必须经中华人民共和国对外贸易经济合作部或其授权的各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市对外经济贸易委员会（厅）（以下简称审批机关）批准，并在中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局或其授权的各省、自治区、直

　　辖市及计划单列市工商行政管理局（以下简称登记机关）办理登记手续。

　　第四条外国企业常驻代表机构可以在中华人民共和国境内从事非直接经营性活动，代表该企业进行其经营范围内的业务联络、产品介绍、市场调研、技术交流等业务活动。

　　第五条外国企业未经批准和登记不得在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构，不得开展本实施细则允许从事的各项业务活动。

　　第六条外国企业常驻代表机构及其成员必须遵守中华人民共和国的法律和法规，不得损害中华人民共和国安全和社会公共利益。

　　第七条外国企业常驻代表机构及其成员，在本实施细则范围内从事的各项业务活动，受中华人民共和国法律的保护。

　　第八条外国企业申请设立常驻代表机构的基本条件：

　　一、该外国企业必须在所在国合法注册；

　　二、该外国企业必须具有良好的商业信誉；

　　三、该外国企业必须提供真实可靠的本实施细则规定的各类材料；

　　四、该外国企业必须按照本实施细则的规定办理申报手续。

　　第二章设立、延期、变更和终止

　　第九条外国企业申请在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构，须向审批机关提出书面申请，审批机关对其申请进行审查，在30个工作日内作出批准或不予批准的决定，并及时通知该外国企业。

　　第十条外国企业申请设立常驻代表机构必须委托一家经中华人民共和国政府主管部门批准的、享有对外经济贸易经营权的公司或经审批机关认可的对外经济贸易组织和外事服务单位作为承办单位，由承办单位代外国企业向审批机关报送各类材料，办理申报手续。

　　第十一条由中华人民共和国各部委所属公司、对外经济贸易组织和外事服务单位承办的外国企业常驻代表机构报对外贸易经济合作部审批；由各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市所属公司、对外经济贸易组织和外事服务单位承办的外国企业常驻代表机构报各省、自治区、直辖市及计

　　划单列市对外经济贸易委员会（厅）审批。

　　第十二条外国企业申请设立常驻代表机构，须向审批机关提供下列材料：

　　一、由该企业董事长或总经理签署的申请书，内容包括：该企业简况、设立常驻代表机构的目的、常驻代表机构的名称、派驻人员（首席代表、代表）、业务范围、驻在期限、办公地址等；

　　二、由该企业所在国的有关当局出具的开业合法证书（副本）；

　　三、由同该企业有业务往来的银行出具的资本信用证明书（正本）；

　　四、由该企业董事长或总经理签署的委任常驻代表机构首席代表和代表的授权书、首席代表和代表的简历及身份证件（复印件）。如董事长任首席代表或代表，其授权书必须由该企业董事会两名以上董事签署。不设董事会的企业可由执行董事签署有关文件；

　　五、填写《外国企业常驻代表机构设立申报表》和《外国企业常驻代表机构人员申报表》（样表见附件一、二）；

　　六、审批机关认为有必要提供的其他申报材料。

　　第十三条外国企业常驻代表机构的名称应以"国别＋企业名称＋城市名＋代表处"的方式确定。

　　第十四条外国企业设立常驻代表机构的申请获得批准后，由常驻代表机构的首席代表向审批机关领取批准证书，并在批准之日起的30天内，持批准证书到登记机关办理登记手续。逾期不办理登记手续的，批准证书自行失效，由审批机关收回批准证书。

　　第十五条外国企业设立常驻代表机构的申请获得批准和办理登记手续后，外国企业常驻代表机构必须在30天内持批准证书、登记证和代表证到公安机关、税务机关、海关、银行等部门办理有关手续。

　　第十六条外国企业常驻代表机构一次批准的最长期限为3年，驻在期自审批机关颁发批准证书之日起算，驻在期满如需延期，外国企业须提前60天通过原承办单位向审批机关提出申请，办理延期手续。

　　第十七条外国企业常驻代表机构申请延期，须向审批机关提供下列材料：

　　一、由该企业董事长或总经理签署的延期申请书；

　　二、该企业常驻代表机构前一个驻在期内的业务活动报告；

　　三、同该企业有业务往来的银行出具的资本信用证明书（正本）；

　　四、该企业所在国有关当局出具的开业合法证书（副本）；

　　五、该企业常驻代表机构的批准证书及登记证复印件；

　　六、填写《外国企业常驻代表机构延期申报表》（样表见附件三）。

　　第十八条外国企业常驻代表机构的延期申请获得批准后，由审批机关颁发延期批准证书，外国企业常驻代表机构于批准后30天内持延期批准证书到登记机关办理延期登记手续及公安、税务、海关、银行等有关手续。

　　第十九条外国企业要求变更常驻代表机构的名称，更换或增加首席代表或代表，变更常驻机构的业务范围、驻在期限和办公地址，须通过原承办单位向原审批机关提交由该企业董事长或总经理签署的申请书（变更办公地址的申请书可由首席代表签署）及与变更相关的材料，并填写《

　　外国企业常驻代表机构变更申报表》（样表见附件四）。变更申请获得批准后，外国企业常驻代表机构必须在30天内持变更批准证书向原登记机关办理变更登记手续及公安、税务、海关、银行等有关手续。

　　第二十条外国企业常驻代表机构驻在期限届满或者提前终止业务活动，外国企业申请撤销其常驻机构，应在终止前30天，由该企业董事长或总经理签署撤销申请书，通过原承办单位报告原审批机关备案，并于清理债务、税务和其他有关事宜后，办理工商登记、长期居留及海关备案

　　等注销手续。

　　第二十一条外国企业常驻代表机构设立、延期、变更和撤销的申请书和首席代表、代表的授权书应用中文书写；如用其他文字书写，必须附中文译本。其他申报材料如用中文以外的文字书写，必须附中文译本。

　　第二十二条审批机关在必要时有权要求就外国企业设立常驻代表机构的全部或部分申报材料经所在国公证机关公证，并经中华人民共和国驻该国使领馆认证。

　　第三章管理

　　第二十三条中华人民共和国对外贸易经济合作部及其授权的各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市对外经济贸易委员会（厅）依照中华人民共和国国务院1980年10月30日发布的《关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》和本实施细则以及有关法律、法规，会同各有关部门

　　对外国企业常驻代表机构的业务活动进行管理、监督和检查。

　　第二十四条外国企业常驻代表机构及其成员在出入境、居留、工商、税务、海关、外汇管理、聘请工作人员、租房以及其他方面的一切活动应当依照中华人民共和国的法律和法规进行，并接受中华人民共和国政府各有关主管机关的管理、监督和检查。

　　第二十五条外国企业常驻代表机构进口用于在其办公场所内展示的展品，应向原审批机关提出申请并附进口展品清单，经批准后持批准文件和进口展品清单报请所在地海关核准具体品种和数量。海关按《中华人民共和国海关对暂时进口货物监管办法》和《中华人民共和国海关关于进

　　出口货物申请担保的管理办法》的规定，收取与税款等值的保证金后查验放行。展品在担保期限内须受海关监管，不得出售、转让或赠送。展品自进境之日起，6个月内须复运出境，逾期未能复运出境的，海关按有关规定处理。

　　第二十六条外国企业对其设立的常驻代表机构在中华人民共和国境内的一切业务活动承担法律责任。

　　第二十七条各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市对外经济贸易委员会（厅），须于每年1月和7月将其批准设立的外国企业常驻代表机构汇总报对外贸易经济合作部备案。

　　第二十八条对外贸易经济合作部及其授权的各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市对外经济贸易委员会（厅）对违反中华人民共和国法律、法规和本实施细则规定的外国企业常驻代表机构，根据情节轻重，可给予警告、责令暂停业务直至撤销批准的处分。

　　第四章首席代表和代表资格

　　第二十九条外国企业常驻代表机构的首席代表和代表必须具备下列资格：

　　一、持合法普通护照的外国公民（不含外国在中国的留学生）；

　　二、在境外已经获得外国长期居住资格的中国公民；

　　三、持有效证件的港澳同胞、台湾同胞；

　　四、外国企业聘请中国公民（不含本条第二款所指中国公民）任其常驻代表机构的首席代表或代表，必须委托当地外事服务单位或中华人民共和国政府指定的其他单位，根据中华人民共和国有关法律和法规办理申报手续。

　　第五章附则

　　第三十条外国企业申请在中华人民共和国委派常驻代表，比照本实施细则执行。

　　第三十一条本实施细则未尽事宜，应根据中华人民共和国有关法律和法规办理。

　　第三十二条台湾、香港和澳门地区的企业申请在大陆设立常驻代表机构参照本实施细则执行。

　　第三十三条本实施细则由中华人民共和国对外贸易经济合作部负责解释。

　　第三十四条本实施细则自公布之日起施行。1992年8月11日《关于审批外国港澳企业常驻代表机构有关问题的规定》〔1992外经贸管发第272号〕同时废止。

　　Detailed¹ Rules of the Ministry² of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation for the Implementation³ of the Examination-Approval and Adminis-tration of the Resident Representative offices of Foreign Enterprises inChina

　　(Promulgated⁴ on February 13, 1995)

　　Whole document

　　Detailed Rules of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation

　　for the Implementation of the Examination-Approval and Administration

　　of the Resident Representative offices of Foreign Enterprises in China

　　(Promulgated on February 13, 1995)

　　Chapter 1 General Principles

　　Article 1

　　With a view to developing China's foreign trade, promoting international economic cooperation and fortifying⁵ the administration of the resident representative offices of foreign companies, enterprises and other economic entitles in the People's Republic of China, the present Detailed Rules are formulated⁶ in accordance with the Interim⁷ Provisions Concerning the Administration of the Resident Representative Offices in China of Foreign Enterprises, which were promulgated by the State Council of the People's Republic of China on October 30, 1980.

　　Article 2

　　These Detailed Rules shall apply to the resident representative offices set up within the territory of the People's Republic of China by foreign traders, manufacturers, shipping⁸ agents, contractors⁹, consultant¹⁰ companies, advertising¹¹ agencies, investment companies, leasing companies and other economic entities¹² (hereinafter called "foreign enterprises").

　　Article 3

　　A foreign enterprise which applies for the establishment of its resident representative office in the territory of the People's Republic of China shall, upon approval by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation or its authorized¹³ commissions for foreign trade and economic relations (hereinafter called the "examination-approval authorities") of the provinces, autonomous¹⁴ regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and of cities with separate listing in the state plan, register with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce or its authorized administrations for industry and commerce (hereinafter called the "registration¹⁵ authorities") of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and of the cities with separate listing in the state plan.

　　Article 4

　　The resident representative office of a foreign enterprise may, on its behalf and within its business scope, be engaged in such indirect business activities as business liaison¹⁶, products recommendation, market research, technological¹⁷ exchange, etc. in the territory of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 5

　　Without prior approval and registration, no foreign enterprise shall have its resident representative office or be engaged in any of the business activities set forth¹⁸ in these Rules in the territory of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 6

　　The resident representative office and its staff members of a foreign enterprise shall abide¹⁹ by the laws and regulations of, and shall not injure the national security and social public interests of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 7

　　The business activities conducted by the resident representative office and its staff members of a foreign enterprise pursuant to these Rules shall be protected by law of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 8

　　The essential conditions and requirements for a foreign enterprise to apply for the establishment of a resident representative office are as follows:

　　(1) the enterprise must be legally registered in the country where it is located;

　　(2) the enterprise must enjoy a good commercial reputation;

　　(3) the enterprise must provide the authentic²⁰ and reliable materials and documents required by these Rules; and

　　(4) the enterprise must go through the registration and application procedures as provided for in these Rules.

　　Chapter 2 Establishment, Extension, Alteration²¹ and Termination

　　Article 9

　　A foreign enterprise which applies for the establishment of a resident representative office in the territory of the People's Republic of China shall submit to the examination and approval authorities a written application. The examination and approval authorities shall, within thirty (30) working days, decide whether to approve or disapprove²² it, and inform the foreign enterprise in due course.

　　Article 10

　　A foreign enterprise which applies for the establishment of a resident representative office shall commission as its undertaking²³ agency a company which is approved by the competent authorities of the People's Republic of China and enjoys the right of foreign trade operation, or a foreign economic relations and trade entity²⁴ or a service unit for foreigners recognized by the examination and approval authorities to submit, on its behalf, to the examination and approval authorities all the documents and materials and go through the application and registration procedures.

　　Article 11

　　Applications for the establishment of resident representative offices undertaken by the companies, foreign economic relations and trade entities, services units for foreigners directly under the ministries²⁵ and commissions of the State Council shall be submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation for examination and approval; those undertaken by the companies, foreign economic relations and trade entities, service units for foreigners of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate listing in the state plan shall be submitted to the local commissions (offices) for foreign economic relations and trade at the same level for examination and approval.

　　Article 12

　　A foreign enterprise which applies for the establishment of a resident representative office shall submit to the examination and approval authorities the following documents:

　　(1) an application signed by chairman of the board of directors or general manager of the enterprise with the inclusion of: a brief introduction of the enterprise, purpose of such establishment, and the name, personnel accredited²⁶ (chief representative and representatives), scope of business, residence period, office location, etc. of the resident representative office;

　　(2) a certificate of legal operation (transcript) issued by the competent authority of the country where the enterprise is located;

　　(3) a certificate of credit (original) issued by a bank which has business relations with the enterprise;

　　(4) letters of authorization²⁷ signed by the chairman of the board of directors or general manager of the enterprise for commissioning the chief representative and representative(s) of the resident representative office, and resumes of the chief representative and representatives and their identity cards (duplicate). If the chairman of the board of directors is appointed as the chief representative or representative, the letter of authorization shall be signed by no less than two members of the board of directors of the enterprise. In case there is no board of directors in the enterprise, relevant papers shall be signed by the executive director;

　　(5) a completed Application Form for the Establishment of Resident Representative Office of Foreign Enterprises and a completed Application Form for the Staff Members of Resident Representative Offices of Foreign Enterprises; and

　　(6) other application materials which the examination and approval authorities deem necessary.

　　Article 13

　　The resident representative office of a foreign enterprise shall be named in the form of Name of Origin Country + Name of Enterprise + Name of City + Representative Office.

　　Article 14

　　After the enterprise acquires the approval for establishment of a resident representative office, the chief representative of the office shall, within thirty days from the date of receipt of the approval, register with the registration authorities by producing the certificate of approval. In case of failure to go through the registration formalities within the time limit, the certificate of approval shall be invalid²⁸ automatically and shall be revoked³⁰ by the examination and approval authorities.

　　Article 15

　　The resident representative office of a foreign enterprise shall, within thirty days after it has acquired the approval of its application and conducted its registration, go through the formalities with the public security organs, tax authorities, customs administration and banking³¹ units by presenting the certificate of approval, registration certificate and certificate of representative.

　　Article 16

　　The maximum residence period of the resident representative office of a foreign enterprise by one approval shall be not longer than three years. The residence period shall begin on the day of the issuance of the certificate of approval. Where the foreign enterprise intends to extend the period, it shall, sixty days before the expiration³² of the period, submit an application to the examination and approval authorities through the original undertaking agency and go through formalities for the extension.

　　Article 17

　　The resident representative office of a foreign enterprise which applies for extension shall provide the examination and approval authorities with the following documents;

　　(1) an application for extension signed by the chairman or general manager of the enterprise;

　　(2) a business report of the resident representative office during the last residence period;

　　(3) a certificate of credit (original) issued by a bank which has business relations with the enterprise;

　　(4) a certificate of legal operation (transcript) issued by the competent authority of the country where the enterprise is located;

　　(5) a duplicate certificate of approval and a certificate of registration of the resident representative office; and

　　(6) an Application Form for Extension of Resident Representative Offices of Foreign Enterprises.

　　Article 18

　　The resident representative office of a foreign enterprise which had its application for extension approved and obtained a certificate of approval for extension issued by the examination and approval authorities shall, within thirty days after receipt of the approval and by presenting such certificate, go through the formalities with the registration authorities for extension and the formalities with the public security organs, tax authorities, customs administration, banking units, etc.

　　Article 19

　　Where a foreign enterprise requests for an alteration of its name, a replacement³³ or an addition of the chief representative or representative (s), or an alteration of the business scope, residence period or office location of its resident representative office, it shall, through the original undertaking agency, provide the original examination and approval authorities with an application for alteration signed by the chairman or general manager of the enterprise together with materials relevant to such alterations³⁴, and shall fill in the Application Form for Alteration of Resident Representative Offices of Foreign Enterprises. Upon the approval, the resident representative office shall, within thirty days and by presenting the certificate of approval for alteration, go through the formalities with the registration authorities for alteration and the formalities with the public security organs, tax authorities, customs administration, banking units, etc.

　　Article 20

　　Where a foreign enterprise applies for a revocation³⁵ of its resident representative office due to the expiration of the residence period or for a termination of the business operation before such expiration, an application for cancellation³⁶ signed by the chairman of the board of directors or general manager of the enterprise shall, thirty days before the expiration, be submitted by the original undertaking agency to the original examination and approval authorities for record, and the formalities of cancellation pertaining³⁷ to registration of industry and commerce, permanent residence and record at customs shall be gone through after the clear-ups of debts and taxes and other issues.

　　Article 21

　　The applications concerning the establishment, extension, alteration and revocation as well as the letters of authorization for the chief representative and representative (s) of the resident representative office of a foreign enterprise shall be written in the Chinese language; if done in other languages, a translation in the Chinese language shall be attached hereto. Should languages other than the Chinese language be used in other materials for application, a translation in the Chinese language shall be attached hereto.

　　Article 22

　　The examination and approval authorities shall be entitled to, when it deems necessary, require the foreign enterprise which applies for the establishment of a resident representative office to have all or part of the materials for application notarized by the notary³⁸ organ of the country where the enterprise is located, and to have them certified³⁹ by the Chinese embassy or consulate⁴⁰ in the country where the enterprise is located.

　　Chapter 3 Administration

　　Article 23

　　The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People's Republic of China and its authorized commissions (offices) for foreign economic relations and trade of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate listing in the state plan shall, in accordance with the Interim Provisions Concerning the Administration of the Resident Representative Offices of Foreign Enterprises in China promulgated by the State Council of the People's Republic of China on October 30, 1980 and the present Rules as well as relevant laws and regulations and jointly⁴¹ with other departments concerned, conduct administration, supervision⁴² and inspection⁴³ of (over) the business activities of the resident representative offices of foreign enterprises.

　　Article 24

　　Resident representative offices of foreign enterprises and their staff members shall comply with the laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China in respect of entry and exit, residence, industry and commerce, taxation⁴⁴, customs, foreign exchange control, employment of staff members, house-renting and other matters and be subject to the administration, supervision and inspection from the competent departments of the Chinese Government.

　　Article 25

　　Resident representative offices of foreign enterprises which import exhibits for display on their business premises⁴⁵ shall submit to the original examination and approval authorities an application attached with a list of import exhibits, and, upon approval, report to the Customs of the cities where the offices are located for varied⁴⁶ and quantitative⁴⁷ verification by presenting the approval documents. The Customs shall, in accordance with the Measures of the Customs of the People's Republic of China on Control over Imports for Temporary Purpose and the Regulations of the Customs of the People's Republic of China on the Application for Guarantees for Import and Export Goods, give check and clearance⁴⁸ of the exhibits after collecting guaranty money equivalent to the duties.

　　Exhibits in the guaranty period shall be subject to the Customs control, and shall not be sold, transferred or granted. The exhibits shall, within six months from the day on which they were imported, be re-exported; failure to do that within the period specified⁴⁹, they shall be dealt with in accordance with related provisions.

　　Article 26

　　A foreign enterprise shall be responsible legally for all the business activities conducted by its resident representative office within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 27

　　The commissions (offices) for foreign economic relations and trade of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate listing in the state plan shall, in every January and July, present data concerning all the resident representative offices they approved in the year to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation for record.

　　Article 28

　　The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and its authorized commissions (offices) for foreign economic relations and trade of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate listing in the state plan shall, depending on the seriousness of the case, impose such sanctions as disciplinary warning, suspension of business upon instruction and revocation of the approval on the resident representative offices of foreign enterprises which violate laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China and the present Rules.

　　Chapter 4 Qualifications for Chief Representative and Repre- sentative(s)

　　Article 29

　　The chief representative and representative (s) of the resident offices of foreign enterprises shall meet one of the following qualifications:

　　(1) a foreign citizen with a legitimate⁵⁰ passport (excluding foreign students studying in China);

　　(2) a Chinese citizen who has the right of permanent residence in a foreign country;

　　(3) compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan with valid²⁹ credentials⁵¹; or

　　(4) where a Chinese citizen (excluding Chinese citizens mentioned in Item 2 of this Article) is employed as the chief representative or representative of its resident representative office, a foreign enterprise shall entrust⁵² a local service unit for foreigners or other entity designated by the Government of the People's Republic of China to process the application and report in accordance with relevant laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China.

　　Chapter 5 Supplementary⁵³ Provisions

　　Article 30

　　The present Rules shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to foreign enterprises which apply for the commission of their permanent representatives in China.

　　Article 31

　　Affairs not covered in these Rules shall be dealt with in accordance with related laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 32

　　The present Rules shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to enterprises in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan which apply for the establishment of their resident representative offices in the mainland areas of China.

　　Article 33

　　The authorities of interpretation⁵⁴ of the present Rules resides in the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 34

　　The present Rules shall enter into force as of the date of their promulgation⁵⁵, and the provisions pertaining to Issues for the Examination and Approval of Resident Representative Offices of Foreign Enterprises and of Enterprises in Hong Kong and Macao (No. 272 by Wai Jing Mao Guan) shall be abrogated⁵⁶ on the same day.

点击

收听单词发音

1 detailed
adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的
参考例句：
He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。 A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

2 ministry
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。 We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

3 implementation
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

4 promulgated
v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等）
参考例句：
Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达３０余项。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。来自辞典例句

5 fortifying
筑防御工事于( fortify的现在分词 )；筑堡于；增强；强化（食品）
参考例句：
Fortifying executive function and restraining impulsivity are possible with active interventions. 积极干预可能有助加强执行功能和抑制冲动性。 Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face, fortifying himself against still another disappointment. 文戈不再张望，他绷紧脸，仿佛正在鼓足勇气准备迎接另一次失望似的。

6 formulated
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示
参考例句：
He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。来自《简明英汉词典》 This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

7 interim
adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间
参考例句：
The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。 It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

8 shipping
n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）
参考例句：
We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。 There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

9 contractors
n.（建筑、监造中的）承包人( contractor的名词复数 )
参考例句：
We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到3个承包商的报价后，接受了最低的报价。来自《简明英汉词典》 Contractors winning construction jobs had to kick back 2 per cent of the contract price to the mafia. 赢得建筑工作的承包商得抽出合同价格的百分之二的回扣给黑手党。来自《简明英汉词典》

10 consultant
n.顾问；会诊医师，专科医生
参考例句：
He is a consultant on law affairs to the mayor.他是市长的一个法律顾问。 Originally,Gar had agreed to come up as a consultant.原来，加尔只答应来充当我们的顾问。

11 advertising
n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的
参考例句：
Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗? The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

12 entities
实体对像；实体，独立存在体，实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。 The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

13 authorized
a.委任的，许可的
参考例句：
An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

14 autonomous
adj.自治的；独立的
参考例句：
They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。 This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

15 registration
n.登记，注册，挂号
参考例句：
Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。 What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

16 liaison
n.联系，（未婚男女间的）暖昧关系，私通
参考例句：
She acts as a liaison between patients and staff.她在病人与医护人员间充当沟通的桥梁。 She is responsible for liaison with researchers at other universities.她负责与其他大学的研究人员联系。

17 technological
adj.技术的；工艺的
参考例句：
A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。 Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今，随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。

18 forth
adv.向前；向外，往外
参考例句：
The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。 He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

19 abide
vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受
参考例句：
You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。 If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部，你就得遵守它的规章。

20 authentic
a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的
参考例句：
This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。 Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。

21 alteration
n.变更，改变；蚀变
参考例句：
The shirt needs alteration.这件衬衣需要改一改。 He easily perceived there was an alteration in my countenance.他立刻看出我的脸色和往常有些不同。

22 disapprove
v.不赞成，不同意，不批准
参考例句：
I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。 She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员，但她的父母不赞成。

23 undertaking
n.保证，许诺，事业
参考例句：
He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。 He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

24 entity
n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物
参考例句：
The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。 As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。

25 ministries
（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )；神职；牧师职位；神职任期
参考例句：
Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。 The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

26 accredited
adj.可接受的；可信任的；公认的；质量合格的v.相信( accredit的过去式和过去分词 )；委托；委任；把…归结于
参考例句：
The discovery of distillation is usually accredited to the Arabs of the 11th century. 通常认为，蒸馏法是阿拉伯人在11世纪发明的。 Only accredited journalists were allowed entry. 只有正式认可的记者才获准入内。

27 authorization
n.授权，委任状
参考例句：
Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。 You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。

28 invalid
n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的
参考例句：
He will visit an invalid.他将要去看望一个病人。 A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。

29 valid
adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的
参考例句：
His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。 Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗？

30 revoked
adj.[法]取消的v.撤销，取消，废除( revoke的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
It may be revoked if the check is later dishonoured. 以后如支票被拒绝支付，结算可以撤销。来自辞典例句 A will is revoked expressly. 遗嘱可以通过明示推翻。来自辞典例句

31 banking
n.银行业，银行学，金融业
参考例句：
John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。 He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

32 expiration
n.终结，期满，呼气，呼出物
参考例句：
Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗? This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满，即行终止。

33 replacement
n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品
参考例句：
We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。 They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

34 alterations
n.改动( alteration的名词复数 )；更改；变化；改变
参考例句：
Any alterations should be written in neatly to the left side. 改动部分应书写清晰，插在正文的左侧。来自《简明英汉词典》 Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code. 基因突变是指DNA 密码的改变。来自《简明英汉词典》

35 revocation
n.废止，撤回
参考例句：
the revocation of planning permission 建筑许可的撤销 The revocation of the Edict of Nantes was signed here in 1685. 1685年南特敕令的废除是在这里宣布的。来自互联网

36 cancellation
n.删除，取消
参考例句：
Heavy seas can cause cancellation of ferry services.海上风浪太大，可能须要取消渡轮服务。 Her cancellation of her trip to Paris upset our plan.她取消了巴黎之行打乱了我们的计划。

37 pertaining
与…有关系的，附属…的，为…固有的(to)
参考例句：
Living conditions are vastly different from those pertaining in their country of origin. 生活条件与他们祖国大不相同。 The inspector was interested in everything pertaining to the school. 视察员对有关学校的一切都感兴趣。

38 notary
n.公证人，公证员
参考例句：
She is the town clerk and a certified public accountant and notary public.她身兼城镇文书、执业会计师和公证人数职。 That notary is authorised to perform the certain legal functions.公证人被授权执行某些法律职能。

39 certified
a.经证明合格的；具有证明文件的
参考例句：
Doctors certified him as insane. 医生证明他精神失常。 The planes were certified airworthy. 飞机被证明适于航行。

40 consulate
n.领事馆
参考例句：
The Spanish consulate is the large white building opposite the bank.西班牙领事馆是银行对面的那栋高大的白色建筑物。 The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。

41 jointly
ad.联合地，共同地
参考例句：
Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。 She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

42 supervision
n.监督，管理
参考例句：
The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。 The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

43 inspection
n.检查，审查，检阅
参考例句：
On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。 The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。

44 taxation
n.征税，税收，税金
参考例句：
He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。 The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。

45 premises
n.建筑物，房屋
参考例句：
According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定，场内不准饮酒。 All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行，不用送到外面去做。

46 varied
adj.多样的，多变化的
参考例句：
The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。 The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

47 quantitative
adj.数量的，定量的
参考例句：
He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。 We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。

48 clearance
n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理
参考例句：
There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。 The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。

49 specified
adj.特定的
参考例句：
The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。 It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。

50 legitimate
adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法
参考例句：
Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。 That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

51 credentials
n.证明，资格，证明书，证件
参考例句：
He has long credentials of diplomatic service.他的外交工作资历很深。 Both candidates for the job have excellent credentials.此项工作的两个求职者都非常符合资格。

52 entrust
v.信赖，信托，交托
参考例句：
I couldn't entrust my children to strangers.我不能把孩子交给陌生人照看。 They can be entrusted to solve major national problems.可以委托他们解决重大国家问题。

53 supplementary
adj.补充的，附加的
参考例句：
There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了，我们另外有供水的地方。 A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。

54 interpretation
n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理
参考例句：
His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。 Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。

55 promulgation
n.颁布
参考例句：
The new law comes into force from the day of its promulgation. 新法律自公布之日起生效。来自《简明英汉词典》 Article 118 These Regulations shall come into effect from the day of their promulgation. 第一百一十八条本条例自公布之日起实施。来自经济法规部分

56 abrogated
废除（法律等）( abrogate的过去式和过去分词 )；取消；去掉；抛开
参考例句：
The president abrogated an old law. 总统废除了一项旧法令。 This law has been abrogated. 这项法令今已取消。

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