英文法律词典 L-36_法律英语

英文法律词典 L-36

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LIBERTY OF THE PRESS. The right to print and publish the truth, from good motives¹, and for justifiable² ends. 3 Johns. Cas. 394.

2. This right is secured by the constitution of the United States. Amendments³, art. 1. The abuse of the right is punished criminally, by indictment⁴; civilly, by action. Vide Judge Cooper's Treatise⁵ on the Law of Libel, aud the Liberty of the Press, passim; and article Libel.

LIBERTY OF SPEECH. The right given by the constitution and the laws to public support in speaking facts or opinions.

2. In a republican government like ours, liberty of speech cannot be extended too far, when its object is the public good. It is, therefore, wisely provided by the constitution of the United States, that members of congress shall not be called to account for anything said in debate; and similar provisions are contained in the constitutions of the several states in relation to the members of their respective legislatures. This right, however, does not extend beyond the mere⁶ speaking; for if a member of congress were to reduce his speech to writing and cause it to be printed, it would no longer bear a privileged character and he might be held responsible for a libel, as any other individual. Bac. Ab. Libel, B.* See Debate.

3. The greatest latitude⁷ is allowed by the common law to counsel; in the discharge of his professional duty he may use strong epithets⁸, however derogatory to other persons they may be, if pertinent⁹ to the cause, and stated in his instructions, whether the thing were true or false. But if he were maliciously¹⁰ to travel out of his case for the purpose of slandering¹¹ another, he would be liable to an action, and amenable¹² to a just and often more efficacious punishment inflicted¹³ by public opinion. 3 Chit. Pr. 887. No respectable counsel will indulge himself with unjust severity; and it is doubtless the duty of the court to prevent any such abuse.

LIBERUM TENEMENTUM, pleading. The name of a plea in an action of trespass¹⁵, by which the defendant¹⁶ claims the locus¹⁷ in quo to be his soil and freehold, or the soil and freehold of a third person, by whose command he entered. 2 Salk. 453; 7 T. R. 355; 1 Saund. 299, b, note.

LIBERUM TENEMENTUM, estate. The same as, freehold, (q. v.) or frank tenement¹⁴. 2 Bouv. Inst. n. 1690.

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1 motives
n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 )
参考例句：
to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机 His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。

2 justifiable
adj.有理由的，无可非议的
参考例句：
What he has done is hardly justifiable.他的所作所为说不过去。 Justifiable defense is the act being exempted from crimes.正当防卫不属于犯罪行为。

3 amendments
（法律、文件的）改动( amendment的名词复数 )；修正案；修改；（美国宪法的）修正案
参考例句：
The committee does not adequately consult others when drafting amendments. 委员会在起草修正案时没有充分征求他人的意见。 Please propose amendments and addenda to the first draft of the document. 请对这个文件的初稿提出修改和补充意见。

4 indictment
n.起诉；诉状
参考例句：
He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。 They issued an indictment against them.他们起诉了他们。

5 treatise
n.专著；(专题)论文
参考例句：
The doctor wrote a treatise on alcoholism.那位医生写了一篇关于酗酒问题的论文。 This is not a treatise on statistical theory.这不是一篇有关统计理论的论文。

6 mere
adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过
参考例句：
That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。 It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

7 latitude
n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区
参考例句：
The latitude of the island is 20 degrees south.该岛的纬度是南纬20度。 The two cities are at approximately the same latitude.这两个城市差不多位于同一纬度上。

8 epithets
n.（表示性质、特征等的）词语( epithet的名词复数 )
参考例句：
He insulted me, using rude epithets. 他用粗话诅咒我。来自《简明英汉词典》 He cursed me, using a lot of rude epithets. 他用上许多粗鲁的修饰词来诅咒我。来自辞典例句

9 pertinent
adj.恰当的；贴切的；中肯的；有关的；相干的
参考例句：
The expert made some pertinent comments on the scheme.那专家对规划提出了一些中肯的意见。 These should guide him to pertinent questions for further study.这些将有助于他进一步研究有关问题。

10 maliciously
adv.有敌意地
参考例句：
He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。来自《简明英汉词典》 His enemies maliciously conspired to ruin him. 他的敌人恶毒地密谋搞垮他。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 slandering
[法]口头诽谤行为
参考例句：
He's a snake in the grass. While pretending to be your friend he was slandering you behind your back. 他是个暗敌，表面上装作是你的朋友，背地里却在诽谤你。 He has been questioned on suspicion of slandering the Prime Minister. 他由于涉嫌诽谤首相而受到了盘问。

12 amenable
adj.经得起检验的；顺从的；对负有义务的
参考例句：
His scientific discoveries are amenable to the laws of physics.他在科学上的发现经得起物理定律的检验。 He is amenable to counsel.他这人听劝。

13 inflicted
把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。 Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。

14 tenement
n.公寓；房屋
参考例句：
They live in a tenement.他们住在廉价公寓里。 She felt very smug in a tenement yard like this.就是在个这样的杂院里，她觉得很得意。

15 trespass
n./v.侵犯，闯入私人领地
参考例句：
The fishing boat was seized for its trespass into restricted waters.渔船因非法侵入受限制水域而被扣押。 The court sentenced him to a fine for trespass.法庭以侵害罪对他判以罚款。

16 defendant
n.被告；adj.处于被告地位的
参考例句：
The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。 The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。

17 locus
n.中心
参考例句：
Barcelona is the locus of Spanish industry.巴塞罗那是西班牙工业中心。 Thereafter,the military remained the locus of real power.自此之后，军方一直掌握着实权。

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