儿科学Pediatrics儿童保健Child care疾病防治Disease prevention营养基础Basal nutrition婴儿喂养Infants’ feeding 营养不良Malnutrition小儿肥胖obesity in Childhood解剖Anatomy生理生化Physiology and biochemistry营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism免疫Immunity病理Pathology疾病的种类Variety of Disease临床表现Clinical Situation诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预后Prognosis预防Prevention胎儿期Fetal Stage胚卵期Ovigerm Stage胚胎期Embryo Stage新生儿期Neonatal Period脐带Omphalus足月儿Term Infant早产儿Premature过期产儿Post term Infant围产期Perinatal stage婴儿期Infancy幼儿期Toddler Period学龄期School age青春期Adolescence遗传inheritance 性别sex内分泌endocrine 孕母情况mother’s condition 营养nutrition。生活环境living environment急性感染acute infection慢性疾病chronic disease消化道疾病disease of digestive tract内分泌疾病endocrine disease先天性疾病congenital disease体格生长Physique growth摄入不足insufficiency of intake胎粪排出excretion of meconium水分丢失loss of moist生长高峰summit of growth卧位clinostatasm站立位erect position 头顶vertex耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis足底sole脐nave头围Head Circumference胸围Chest Circumference颅骨Cranium颅缝cranial sutures 前囟anterior fontanel 后囟posterior 脊柱Rachis ——生理弯曲的形成长骨Long Bone干骺端Metaphysis软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification乳牙deciduous teeth恒牙permanent teeth(乳牙)萌出eruption神经系统nervous system 脊髓spinal cord 运动发育Motor development 发音器官organs of voicing听觉sense of hearing大脑语言中枢cerebral language center语言交流communication护理Nursing计划免疫Planned Immunity心理卫生Mental Health生活习惯living habit 社会适应能力social adaptation 亲情 parent-child relationship 健康查体Physical Examination随访follow-up户外活动open field activity 身体抚触 stroking massage 窒息apnea中毒intoxication外伤trauma预防接种Vaccination主动免疫Active immunity 被动免疫passive immunity预防接种vaccination小儿传染病infectious disease卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine脊髓灰质炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine百白破三联疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine初种primary vaccination复种revaccination不良反应reaction热量的需要Caloric Requirement基础代谢Basal Metabolism排泄 Excretion蛋白质Protein碳水化合物Carbohydrate脂肪Fat维生素Vitamins水溶性维生素Water-soluble Vitamin 脂溶性维生素Fat-soluble Vitamin矿物质Mineral膳食纤维Dietary Fiber母乳喂养Breast Feeding母乳的成分Component of Mother’s Milk免疫物质immune material免疫球蛋白Immune Gloulin补体Complement乳铁蛋白Lactoferrin溶菌酶Lysozyme双歧因子Bifidus Factor细胞成分Components of Cells慢性消耗性疾病Chronic consumptions精神障碍Mental disorders急性传染病Acute infectious diseases断奶Weaning人工喂养Bottle-Feeding稀释Dilution加糖Add Sugar 煮沸Boiling定时定量Time and rationed Feeding个体差异Individual Difference混合喂养Mixed Feeding大小便Defecation代授法Breast-bottle-feeding补授法Supplemental Feeding 辅食添加The Introduction of solid food营养不良Malnutrition代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder临床分型Clinical typing消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition浮肿型Edema Malnutrition消瘦－浮肿型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition病因Etiological Factor摄入不足Deficiency of Intake辅食添加不及时Introduction of Solid Food饮食结构不合理Incorrect Components of Diet不良饮食习惯Bad Eating Habit消化吸收障碍Disorder of Digestion and Absorption消化道先天畸形Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract先天性代谢障碍Congenital Dysbolism消化功能紊乱Disorder of Digestive Function需求增多Requirement Increases生长发育迅速的时期The period when children grow rapidly疾病恢复期Recovery Phase of diseases双胎或多胎Twins or Multiplets早产Premature消耗性疾病Consumptions病理生理Pathophysiology代谢异常Dysbolism体温调节Thermoregulation机体各系统功能低下Incapacity of Body Systems消化系统Digestive System循环系统Circulatory System泌尿系统Urinary System神经系统Nervous System免疫系统Immune System临床表现Clinical Situation皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat腹Abdomen躯干Trunk臀Breech四肢Extremities面颊Cheeks皮肤Skin干燥Dehydration苍白Pale；肌肉Muscles松弛Laxity萎缩Atrophy；精神状态Mental Status萎靡Dispirited反应差Low Response；全身症状General Symptoms并发症Complication营养性贫血Nutritional Anemia各种维生素缺乏症Various Kinds of Avitaminosis 感染Infections低血糖Hypoglycemia诊断标准Standard of Dignosis分型Types分度Degrees实验室检查Laboratory Examination鉴别诊断Differential Diagnosis治疗原则Therapeutic Principle综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment治疗方法Therapeutic Method积极治疗原发病Cure the Primary Disease饮食治疗Diet Therapy药物治疗Drug Treatment支持治疗Supporting Therapy危重症处理Treatment in Crises度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor添加辅食Instruction of solid food睡眠充足Sufficient Sleeping防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases孕期保健与产前诊断Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis新生儿筛查Neonatal Screening治疗先天性疾病Cure Congenital Diseases按时预防接种Vaccination on time定期体格检查Regular Physical Examination营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy病因及病理生理Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology单纯性肥胖Simple Obesity摄入过多Excessive Intake活动过少Lack of Movement家族遗传Inheritance神经、精神因素Nervous and Mental Factors继发性肥胖Secondary Obesity膝外翻Genu Valgum扁平足Fallen arch性发育较早Early Sexual Development实验室检查Laboratory Examinations胆固醇Cholesterol甘油三酯Triglycerideβ脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein胰岛素Insulin生长激素Growth Hormone诊断标准Standard of Diagnosis轻度Mild制度Moderate重度Severe

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